{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T22:35:11Z","timestamp":1743114911366,"version":"3.40.3"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783319658483"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783319658490"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-65849-0_14","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,11]],"date-time":"2017-10-11T08:43:27Z","timestamp":1507711407000},"page":"115-137","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["3D Point Cloud Classification Based on Discrete Conditional Random Field"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Xinying","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hongjun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Weiliang","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shiming","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xiaopeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"14_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2014.2316001","volume":"20","author":"X Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang, X., Li, H., Dai, M., Ma, W.: Data-driven synthetic modeling of trees. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 20(9), 1214\u20131226 (2014)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph."},{"key":"14_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shapovalov, R., Velizhev, A., Barinova, O.: Non-associative markov networks for 3D point cloud classification. In: Photogrammetric Computer Vision and Image Analysis (2010)","DOI":"10.1109\/3DIMPVT.2011.10"},{"key":"14_CR3","volume-title":"Three-Dimensional Computer Vision: A Geometric Viewpoint","author":"O Faugeras","year":"1993","unstructured":"Faugeras, O.: Three-Dimensional Computer Vision: A Geometric Viewpoint. MIT Press, Cambridge (1993)"},{"key":"14_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cagd.2016.11.001","volume":"50","author":"H Jin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jin, H., Wang, X., Zhong, Z., Hua, J.: Robust 3D face modeling and reconstruction from frontal and side images. Comput. Aided Geom. Des. 50, 1\u201313 (2017)","journal-title":"Comput. Aided Geom. Des."},{"key":"14_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berger, M., Tagliasacchi, A., Seversky, L.M., Alliez, P., Guennebaud, G., Levine, J.A., Sharf, A., Silva, C.T.: A survey of surface reconstruction from point clouds. Comput. Graph. Forum, n\/a\u2013n\/a (2016)","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.12802"},{"key":"14_CR6","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-24672-5_18","volume-title":"Computer Vision - ECCV 2004","author":"A Frome","year":"2004","unstructured":"Frome, A., Huber, D., Kolluri, R., B\u00fclow, T., Malik, J.: Recognizing objects in range data using regional point descriptors. In: Pajdla, T., Matas, J. (eds.) ECCV 2004. LNCS, vol. 3023, pp. 224\u2013237. Springer, Heidelberg (2004). doi: 10.1007\/978-3-540-24672-5_18"},{"key":"14_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Himmelsbach, M., Luettel, T., Wuensche, H.-J.: Real-time object classification in 3D point clouds using point feature histograms. In: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, IROS 2009, pp. 994\u20131000. IEEE Press, Piscataway (2009)","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2009.5354493"},{"key":"14_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rusu, R.B., Blodow, N., Beetz, M.: Fast point feature histograms (fpfh) for 3D registration. In: IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, pp. 3212\u20133217 (2009)","DOI":"10.1109\/ROBOT.2009.5152473"},{"issue":"1","key":"14_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-14-238","volume":"14","author":"S Paulus","year":"2013","unstructured":"Paulus, S., Dupuis, J., Mahlein, A.K., Kuhlmann, H.: Surface feature based classification of plant organs from 3D laserscanned point clouds for plant phenotyping. BMC Bioinform. 14(1), 1\u201312 (2013)","journal-title":"BMC Bioinform."},{"issue":"10","key":"14_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1002\/rob.20134","volume":"23","author":"JF Lalonde","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lalonde, J.F., Vandapel, N., Huber, D.F., Hebert, M.: Natural terrain classification using three-dimensional ladar data for ground robot mobility. J. Field Robot. 23(10), 839\u2013861 (2006)","journal-title":"J. Field Robot."},{"issue":"7","key":"14_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.5194\/isprsarchives-XL-7-W2-257-2013","volume":"XL\u20137\/W2","author":"G Vosselman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vosselman, G.: Point cloud segmentation for urban scene classification. ISPRS - Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spat. Inf. Sci. XL\u20137\/W2(7), 257\u2013262 (2013)","journal-title":"ISPRS - Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spat. Inf. Sci."},{"key":"14_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2015.01.016","volume":"105","author":"M Weinmann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Weinmann, M., Jutzi, B., Hinz, S., Mallet, C.: Semantic point cloud interpretation based on optimal neighborhoods, relevant features and efficient classifiers. ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens. 105, 286\u2013304 (2015)","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens."},{"key":"14_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.095","volume":"346\u2013347","author":"J Yang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang, J., Cao, Z., Zhang, Q.: A fast and robust local descriptor for 3D point cloud registration. Inf. Sci. 346\u2013347, 163\u2013179 (2016)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"14_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.3390\/s17030594","volume":"17","author":"V Plaza-Leiva","year":"2017","unstructured":"Plaza-Leiva, V., Gomez-Ruiz, J.A., Mandow, A., Garc-Cerezo, A.: Voxel-based neighborhood for spatial shape pattern classification of Lidar point clouds with supervised learning. Sensors 17(3), 594 (2017)","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"14_CR15","unstructured":"Lafferty, J.D., McCallum, A., Pereira, F.C.N.: Conditional random fields: probabilistic models for segmenting and labeling sequence data. In: Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2001, pp. 282\u2013289. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco (2001)"},{"issue":"2","key":"14_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-006-7007-9","volume":"68","author":"S Kumar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kumar, S., Hebert, M.: Discriminative random fields. Int. J. Comput. Vision 68(2), 179\u2013201 (2006)","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Vision"},{"key":"14_CR17","unstructured":"Munoz, D., Vandapel, N., Hebert, M.: Directional associative Markov network for 3-d point cloud classification. In: International Symposium on 3-D Data Processing, Visualization, and Transmission (2008)"},{"key":"14_CR18","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10602-1_33","volume-title":"Computer Vision \u2013 ECCV 2014","author":"M Najafi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Najafi, M., Taghavi Namin, S., Salzmann, M., Petersson, L.: Non-associative higher-order Markov networks for point cloud classification. In: Fleet, D., Pajdla, T., Schiele, B., Tuytelaars, T. (eds.) ECCV 2014. LNCS, vol. 8693, pp. 500\u2013515. Springer, Cham (2014). doi: 10.1007\/978-3-319-10602-1_33"},{"issue":"8","key":"14_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4505","DOI":"10.3390\/s8084505","volume":"8","author":"M Rutzinger","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rutzinger, M., H\u00f6fle, B., Hollaus, M., Pfeifer, N.: Object-based point cloud analysis of full-waveform airborne laser scanning data for urban vegetation classification. Sensors 8(8), 4505\u20134528 (2008)","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"I\u20133","key":"14_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.5194\/isprsannals-I-3-263-2012","volume":"I\u20133","author":"J Niemeyer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Niemeyer, J., Rottensteiner, F., Soergel, U.: Conditional random fields for lidar point cloud classification in complex urban areas. ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spat. Inf. Sci. I\u20133(I\u20133), 263\u2013268 (2012)","journal-title":"ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spat. Inf. Sci."},{"key":"14_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Husain, F., Dellen, L., Torras, C.: Recognizing point clouds using conditional random fields. In: 2014 22nd International Conference on Pattern Recognition, pp. 4257\u20134262, August 2014","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2014.730"},{"key":"14_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolf, D., Prankl, J., Vincze, M.: Fast semantic segmentation of 3D point clouds using a dense CRF with learned parameters. In: IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, pp. 4867\u20134873 (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA.2015.7139875"},{"key":"14_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.5194\/isprsarchives-XLI-B3-655-2016","volume":"XLI\u2013B3","author":"J Niemeyer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Niemeyer, J., Rottensteiner, F., Soergel, U., Heipke, C.: Hierarchical higher order CRF for the classification of airborne lidar point clouds in urban areas. ISPRS - Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spat. Inf. Sci. XLI\u2013B3, 655\u2013662 (2016)","journal-title":"ISPRS - Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spat. Inf. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"14_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1134\/S1054661816020085","volume":"26","author":"D Lang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lang, D., Friedmann, S., Paulus, D.: Adaptivity of conditional random field based outdoor point cloud classification. Pattern Recogn. Image Anal. 26(2), 309\u2013315 (2016)","journal-title":"Pattern Recogn. Image Anal."},{"issue":"3","key":"14_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9030288","volume":"9","author":"H Ni","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ni, H., Lin, X., Zhang, J.: Classification of ALS point cloud with improved point cloud segmentation and random forests. Remote Sens. 9(3), 288 (2017)","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"issue":"5","key":"14_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2409","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2014.2359951","volume":"53","author":"Z Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Zhang, L., Fang, T., Mathiopoulos, P.T.: A multiscale and hierarchical feature extraction method for terrestrial laser scanning point cloud classification. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 53(5), 2409\u20132425 (2015)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"issue":"6","key":"14_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3309","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2016.2514508","volume":"54","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang, Z., Zhang, L., Tong, X., Takis Mathiopoulos, P.: A multilevel point-cluster-based discriminative feature for ALS point cloud classification. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 54(6), 3309\u20133321 (2016)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"issue":"10","key":"14_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12680","DOI":"10.3390\/rs71012680","volume":"7","author":"B Rodrguezcuenca","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rodrguezcuenca, B., Garcacorts, S., Ord\u00f3\u00f1ez, C., Alonso, M.: Automatic detection and classification of pole-like objects in urban point cloud data using an anomaly detection algorithm. Remote Sens. 7(10), 12680\u201312703 (2015)","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"issue":"9","key":"14_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.3390\/rs8090730","volume":"8","author":"X Hu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hu, X., Yuan, Y.: Deep-learning-based classification for DTM extraction from ALS point cloud. Remote Sens. 8(9), 730 (2016)","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"issue":"2","key":"14_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000628","volume":"31","author":"J Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen, J., Fang, Y., Yong, K.C., Kim, C.: Principal axes descriptor for automated construction-equipment classification from point clouds. J. Comput. Civil Eng. 31(2), 1\u201336 (2017)","journal-title":"J. Comput. Civil Eng."},{"issue":"4","key":"14_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2016.2628775","volume":"10","author":"Z Kang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kang, Z., Yang, J., Zhong, R.: A bayesian-network-based classification method integrating airborne lidar data with optical images. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens. 10(4), 1601\u20131609 (2017)","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens."},{"issue":"1","key":"14_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2016.2614923","volume":"14","author":"A Maligo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maligo, A., Lacroix, S.: Classification of outdoor 3D lidar data based on unsupervised gaussian mixture models. IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng. 14(1), 5\u201316 (2017)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"14_CR33","first-page":"1","volume":"44","author":"H Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li, H., Liu, X., Zhang, X., Yan, D.: A semi-automatic 3D point cloud classification method based on probability mixture of local shape features. J. Zhejiang Univ. (Sci. Edn.) 44(1), 1\u20138 (2017)","journal-title":"J. Zhejiang Univ. (Sci. Edn.)"},{"issue":"5","key":"14_CR34","first-page":"1983","volume":"6","author":"X Zhang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhang, X., Li, H., Cheng, Z., Zhang, Y.: Robust curvature estimation and geometry analysis of 3D point cloud surfaces. J. Inf. Computat. Sci. 6(5), 1983\u20131990 (2009)","journal-title":"J. Inf. Computat. Sci."},{"key":"14_CR35","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-69423-6_3","volume-title":"Advances in Multimedia Modeling","author":"S Xiang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Xiang, S., Nie, F., Zhang, C., Zhang, C.: Interactive visual object extraction based on belief propagation. In: Cham, T.-J., Cai, J., Dorai, C., Rajan, D., Chua, T.-S., Chia, L.-T. (eds.) MMM 2007. LNCS, vol. 4351, pp. 24\u201333. Springer, Heidelberg (2006). doi: 10.1007\/978-3-540-69423-6_3"},{"issue":"4","key":"14_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1561\/2200000013","volume":"4","author":"C Sutton","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sutton, C., McCallum, A.: An introduction to conditional random fields. Found. Trends Mach. Learn. 4(4), 267\u2013373 (2012)","journal-title":"Found. Trends Mach. Learn."},{"issue":"1","key":"14_CR37","first-page":"69","volume":"22","author":"Y Chen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chen, Y., Raudenbush, S.W.: Maximum likelihood estimation in generalized linear: large mixed models using monte carlo methods: application to small-area estimation of breast cancer mortality. Chin. J. Appl. Probab. Stat. 22(1), 69\u201380 (2006)","journal-title":"Chin. J. Appl. Probab. Stat."},{"issue":"1","key":"14_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2012.01.006","volume":"68","author":"N Brodu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Brodu, N., Lague, D.: 3D terrestrial lidar data classification of complex natural scenes using a multi-scale dimensionality criterion: applications in geomorphology. ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens. 68(1), 121\u2013134 (2012)","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens."},{"key":"14_CR39","unstructured":"Mount, D.M.: Ann programming manual (2006). http:\/\/www.cs.umd.edu\/mount\/ANN\/Files\/1.1 . Accessed 6 Apr 2012"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","E-Learning and Games"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-319-65849-0_14","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]],"date-time":"2019-10-04T09:27:16Z","timestamp":1570181236000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-319-65849-0_14"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"ISBN":["9783319658483","9783319658490"],"references-count":39,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-65849-0_14","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0302-9743"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1611-3349"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}}}