{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T04:52:05Z","timestamp":1764305525924,"version":"3.40.3"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783319702773"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783319702780"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-70278-0_14","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,17]],"date-time":"2017-11-17T21:03:19Z","timestamp":1510952599000},"page":"218-230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["An Analysis of Bitcoin OP_RETURN Metadata"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Massimo","family":"Bartoletti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Livio","family":"Pompianu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"14_CR1","unstructured":"Alternatives to opreturn. \nhttp:\/\/bitcoin.stackexchange.com\/questions\/37206\/alternatives-to-op-return-to-store-data-in-bitcoin-blockchain\n\n. Accessed 15 Feb 2017"},{"key":"14_CR2","unstructured":"Bicoin scalability. \nhttps:\/\/en.bitcoin.it\/wiki\/Scalability_FAQ\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR3","unstructured":"Bitcoin core dev update 5 transaction fees embedded data. \nhttp:\/\/www.coindesk.com\/bitcoin-core-dev-update-5-transaction-fees-embedded-data\/\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR4","unstructured":"Bitcoin network survives surprise stress test. \nhttp:\/\/www.coindesk.com\/bitcoin-network-survives-stress-test\/\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR5","unstructured":"Bitcoin OPRETURN explorer. \nhttps:\/\/github.com\/BitcoinOpReturn\/\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR6","unstructured":"Bitcoin OP_RETURN wiki page. \nhttps:\/\/en.bitcoin.it\/wiki\/OP_RETURN\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR7","unstructured":"Bitcoin pull request 5075. \nhttps:\/\/github.com\/bitcoin\/bitcoin\/pull\/5075\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR8","unstructured":"Bitcoin pull request 5286. \nhttps:\/\/github.com\/bitcoin\/bitcoin\/pull\/5286\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR9","unstructured":"Bitcoin release 0.10.0. \nhttps:\/\/bitcoin.org\/en\/release\/v0.10.0\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR10","unstructured":"Bitcoin release 0.11.0. \nhttps:\/\/bitcoin.org\/en\/release\/v0.11.0\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR11","unstructured":"Bitcoin release 0.12.0. \nhttps:\/\/bitcoin.org\/en\/release\/v0.12.0\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR12","unstructured":"Bitcoin release 0.9.0. \nhttps:\/\/bitcoin.org\/en\/release\/v0.9.0\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR13","unstructured":"Blockstore website. \nhttps:\/\/github.com\/blockstack\/blockchain-id\/wiki\/Blockstore\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR14","unstructured":"Chainpoint website. \nhttp:\/\/www.chainpoint.org\/\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR15","unstructured":"Colu protocol, torrents. \nhttps:\/\/github.com\/Colored-Coins\/Colored-Coins-Protocol-Specification\/wiki\/Metadata#torrents\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR16","unstructured":"Colu website. \nhttps:\/\/www.colu.com\/\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR17","unstructured":"Counterparty open letter and plea to the Bitcoin core development team. \nhttp:\/\/counterparty.io\/news\/an-open-letter-and-plea-to-the-bitcoin-core-development-team\/\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR18","unstructured":"Developers battle over bitcoin block chain. \nhttp:\/\/www.coindesk.com\/developers-battle-bitcoin-block-chain\/\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR19","unstructured":"Diploma website. \nhttp:\/\/diploma.report\/\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR20","unstructured":"Eternity wall website. \nhttps:\/\/eternitywall.it\/\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR21","unstructured":"Factom website. \nhttps:\/\/www.factom.com\/\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR22","unstructured":"Kaiko data store. \nhttps:\/\/www.kaiko.com\/\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR23","unstructured":"La preuve website. \nhttp:\/\/lapreuve.eu\/explication.html\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR24","unstructured":"Omni website. \nhttp:\/\/www.omnilayer.org\/\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR25","unstructured":"Open assets website. \nhttps:\/\/github.com\/OpenAssets\/\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR26","unstructured":"opreturn.org. \nhttp:\/\/opreturn.org\/\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR27","unstructured":"Pay-to-contract and sign-to-contract. \nhttps:\/\/bitcointalk.org\/index.php?topic=915828.msg10056796#msg10056796\n\n. Accessed 15 Feb 2017"},{"key":"14_CR28","unstructured":"Peter Todd delayed txo commitments. \nhttps:\/\/petertodd.org\/2016\/delayed-txo-commitments\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR29","unstructured":"Proof of existence website. \nhttps:\/\/proofofexistence.com\/\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR30","unstructured":"Scalability debate ever end. \nhttps:\/\/www.cryptocoinsnews.com\/will-bitcoin-scalability-debate-ever-end\/\n\n. Accessed 30 Nov 2016"},{"key":"14_CR31","unstructured":"Scaling debate in Reddit. \nhttp:\/\/www.coindesk.com\/viabtc-ceo-sparks-bitcoin-scaling-debate-reddit-ama\/\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR32","unstructured":"Smartbit OP_RETURN statistics. \nhttps:\/\/www.smartbit.com.au\/op-returns\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR33","unstructured":"Stampery website. \nhttps:\/\/stampery.com\/\n\n. Accessed 15 Dec 2016"},{"key":"14_CR34","unstructured":"Ali, M., Nelson, J., Shea, R., Freedman, M.J.: Blockstack: a global naming and storage system secured by blockchains. In: USENIX Annual Technical Conference (2016)"},{"key":"14_CR35","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-53357-4_1","volume-title":"Financial Cryptography and Data Security","author":"K Baqer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Baqer, K., Huang, D.Y., McCoy, D., Weaver, N.: Stressing out: Bitcoin \u201cstress testing\u201d. In: Clark, J., Meiklejohn, S., Ryan, P.Y.A., Wallach, D., Brenner, M., Rohloff, K. (eds.) FC 2016. LNCS, vol. 9604, pp. 3\u201318. Springer, Heidelberg (2016). \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-662-53357-4_1"},{"key":"14_CR36","unstructured":"Dermody, R., Krellenstein, A., Slama, O., Wagner, E.: Counterparty: protocol specification (2014). \nhttp:\/\/counterparty.io\/docs\/protocol_specification\/\n\n. 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Future Internet 8(1), 7 (2016)","journal-title":"Future Internet"},{"key":"14_CR39","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-48051-9_2","volume-title":"Financial Cryptography and Data Security","author":"M M\u00f6ser","year":"2015","unstructured":"M\u00f6ser, M., B\u00f6hme, R.: Trends, tips, tolls: a longitudinal study of Bitcoin transaction fees. In: Brenner, M., Christin, N., Johnson, B., Rohloff, K. (eds.) FC 2015. LNCS, vol. 8976, pp. 19\u201333. Springer, Heidelberg (2015). \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-662-48051-9_2"},{"key":"14_CR40","unstructured":"Nakamoto, S.: Bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system (2008). \nhttps:\/\/bitcoin.org\/bitcoin.pdf"},{"key":"14_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-4139-7_10","volume-title":"Security and Privacy in Social Networks","author":"F Reid","year":"2013","unstructured":"Reid, F., Harrigan, M.: An analysis of anonymity in the Bitcoin system. In: Altshuler, Y., Elovici, Y., Cremers, A., Aharony, N., Pentland, A. (eds.) Security and Privacy in Social Networks, pp. 197\u2013223. Springer, New York (2013). \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4614-4139-7_10"},{"key":"14_CR42","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-39884-1_2","volume-title":"Financial Cryptography and Data Security","author":"D Ron","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ron, D., Shamir, A.: Quantitative analysis of the full Bitcoin transaction graph. In: Sadeghi, A.-R. (ed.) FC 2013. LNCS, vol. 7859, pp. 6\u201324. 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