{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T15:44:02Z","timestamp":1757778242807,"version":"3.40.3"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":17,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783319942766"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783319942773"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Plain Language and Easy-to-Read Language are two approaches to reduce language complexity, which are also applied in the context of Web Accessibility. While Easy-to-Read Language was specifically designed to meet the needs of people with cognitive and learning disabilities, benefits for users with a variety of abilities have been reported. However, studies have also found unintended side-effects on non-disabled users, such as reduced text liking and intention to revisit a website compared to variants in conventional language. The present study addresses this issue by testing two approaches combining conventional with Easy-to-Read Language against a Plain Language variant, as well as a control group in conventional language. In an online study, 308 non-disabled participants read three texts presented in one of the four language variants. Measurements of performance indicators as well as subjective responses show that Easy-to-Read language may be implemented without unintended side-effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-94277-3_80","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,25]],"date-time":"2018-06-25T17:30:46Z","timestamp":1529947846000},"page":"514-522","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["How to Use Plain and Easy-to-Read Language for a Positive User Experience on Websites"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Beat","family":"Vollenwyder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Krueger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Br\u00fchlmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Opwis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Elisa D.","family":"Mekler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"80_CR1","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-08596-8_25","volume-title":"Computers Helping People with Special Needs","author":"K Miesenberger","year":"2014","unstructured":"Miesenberger, K., Petz, A.: \u201cEasy-to-read on the web\u201d: state of the art and needed research. In: Miesenberger, K., Fels, D., Archambault, D., Pe\u0148\u00e1z, P., Zagler, W. (eds.) ICCHP 2014. LNCS, vol. 8547, pp. 161\u2013168. Springer, Cham (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-08596-8_25"},{"key":"80_CR2","unstructured":"Cognitive and Learning Disabilities Accessibility Task Force: Cognitive Accessibility User Research (2017). https:\/\/w3c.github.io\/coga\/user-research\/"},{"key":"80_CR3","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-25364-5_21","volume-title":"Information Quality in e-Health","author":"D Ruth-Janneck","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ruth-Janneck, D.: Experienced barriers in web applications and their comparison to the WCAG guidelines. In: Holzinger, A., Simonic, K.-M. (eds.) USAB 2011. LNCS, vol. 7058, pp. 283\u2013300. Springer, Heidelberg (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-25364-5_21"},{"issue":"2","key":"80_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1007\/s10209-009-0160-5","volume":"9","author":"JE McCarthy","year":"2009","unstructured":"McCarthy, J.E., Swierenga, S.J.: What we know about dyslexia and Web accessibility: a research review. Univ. Access Inf. Soc. 9(2), 147\u2013152 (2009)","journal-title":"Univ. Access Inf. Soc."},{"issue":"6","key":"80_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3148.2006.00353.x","volume":"20","author":"J Karreman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Karreman, J., van der Geest, T., Buursink, E.: Accessible website content guidelines for users with intellectual disabilities. J. Appl. Res. Intellect. Disabil. 20(6), 510\u2013518 (2007)","journal-title":"J. Appl. Res. Intellect. Disabil."},{"key":"80_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boldyreff, C., Burd, E., Donkin, J., Marshall, S.: The case for the use of plain English to increase web accessibility. In: Proceedings 3rd International Workshop on Web Site Evolution, WSE 2001, pp. 42\u201348. IEEE (2001)","DOI":"10.1109\/WSE.2001.988784"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"80_CR7","first-page":"96","volume":"11","author":"D Skaggs","year":"2016","unstructured":"Skaggs, D.: My website reads at an eighth grade level: why plain language benefits your users (and you). J. Libr. Inf. Serv. Distance Learn. 11(1\u20132), 96\u2013105 (2016)","journal-title":"J. Libr. Inf. Serv. Distance Learn."},{"issue":"3","key":"80_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12065","volume":"27","author":"I Fajardo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fajardo, I., \u00c1vila, V., Ferrer, A., Tavares, G., G\u00f3mez, M., Hern\u00e1ndez, A.: Easy-to-read texts for students with intellectual disability: linguistic factors affecting comprehension. J. Appl. Res. Intellect. Disabil. 27(3), 212\u2013225 (2013)","journal-title":"J. Appl. Res. Intellect. Disabil."},{"key":"80_CR9","unstructured":"Bredel, U., Maa\u00df, C.: Leichte Sprache. Theoretische Grundlagen. Orientierung f\u00fcr die Praxis. Dudenverlag, Berlin (2016)"},{"key":"80_CR10","unstructured":"Schmutz, S., Sonderegger, A., Sauer, J.: Easy-to-read language in disability-friendly web sites: effects on nondisabled users. Appl. Ergon. (in press)"},{"issue":"4","key":"80_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720816640962","volume":"58","author":"S Schmutz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schmutz, S., Sonderegger, A., Sauer, J.: Implementing recommendations from web accessibility guidelines: would they also provide benefits to nondisabled users. Hum. Factors: J. Hum. Factors Ergon. Soc. 58(4), 611\u2013629 (2016)","journal-title":"Hum. Factors: J. Hum. Factors Ergon. Soc."},{"issue":"5","key":"80_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1080\/15295036.2014.919660","volume":"31","author":"E Ellcessor","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ellcessor, E.: $$<$$ALT=\u201cTextbooks\u201d$$>$$: web accessibility myths as negotiated industrial lore. Crit. Stud. Media Commun. 31(5), 448\u2013463 (2014)","journal-title":"Crit. Stud. Media Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"80_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1037\/h0057532","volume":"32","author":"R Flesch","year":"1948","unstructured":"Flesch, R.: A new readability yardstick. J. Appl. Psychol. 32(3), 221\u2013233 (1948)","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"80_CR14","unstructured":"Grotjahn, R.: The C-Test: Current Trends. Peter Lang, Bern (2014)"},{"issue":"12","key":"80_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2012.694910","volume":"32","author":"M Moshagen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Moshagen, M., Thielsch, M.: A short version of the visual aesthetics of websites inventory. Behav. Inf. Technol. 32(12), 1305\u20131311 (2013)","journal-title":"Behav. Inf. Technol."},{"key":"80_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1080\/07370024.2010.500139","volume":"25","author":"M Hassenzahl","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hassenzahl, M., Monk, A.: The inference of perceived usability from beauty. Hum.-Comput. Interac. 25, 235\u2013260 (2010)","journal-title":"Hum.-Comput. Interac."},{"key":"80_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tuch, A.N., Trusell, R., Hornb\u00e6k, K.: Analyzing users\u2019 narratives to understand experience with interactive products. In: The SIGCHI Conference, pp. 2079\u20132088. ACM Press, New York (2013)","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2481285"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Computers Helping People with Special Needs"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-319-94277-3_80","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]],"date-time":"2023-12-13T11:13:39Z","timestamp":1702466019000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-319-94277-3_80"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"ISBN":["9783319942766","9783319942773"],"references-count":17,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-94277-3_80","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0302-9743"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1611-3349"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 June 2018","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"ICCHP","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Computers Helping People with Special Needs","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Linz","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Austria","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2018","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"11 July 2018","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"13 July 2018","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"16","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"icchp2018","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/www.icchp.org\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}