{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T05:16:46Z","timestamp":1780636606568,"version":"3.54.1"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783319961323","type":"print"},{"value":"9783319961330","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-96133-0_15","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,7]],"date-time":"2018-07-07T11:54:57Z","timestamp":1530964497000},"page":"198-209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Spam Review Detection Using Ensemble Machine Learning"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Shwet","family":"Mani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sneha","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayushi","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prabhat","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"15_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010933404324","volume":"45","author":"L Breiman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Breiman, L.: Random forests. Mach. Learn. 45(1), 5\u201332 (2001)","journal-title":"Mach. Learn."},{"key":"15_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2017.11.467","volume":"122","author":"S Bajaj","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bajaj, S., Garg, N., Singh, S.K.: A novel user-based spam review detection. Procedia Comput. Sci. 122, 1009\u20131015 (2017)","journal-title":"Procedia Comput. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"15_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1023\/B:MACH.0000015881.36452.6e","volume":"54","author":"S D\u017eeroski","year":"2004","unstructured":"D\u017eeroski, S., \u017denko, B.: Is combining classifiers with stacking better than selecting the best one? Mach. Learn. 54(3), 255\u2013273 (2004)","journal-title":"Mach. Learn."},{"key":"15_CR4","first-page":"98","volume":"12","author":"S Feng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Feng, S., Xing, L., Gogar, A., Choi, Y.: Distributional footprints of deceptive product reviews. ICWSM 12, 98\u2013105 (2012)","journal-title":"ICWSM"},{"key":"15_CR5","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-68557-1_35","volume-title":"Digital Nations \u2013 Smart Cities, Innovation, and Sustainability","author":"K Gaurav","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gaurav, K., Kumar, P.: Consumer satisfaction rating system using sentiment analysis. In: Kar, A.K., et al. (eds.) I3E 2017. LNCS, vol. 10595, pp. 400\u2013411. Springer, Cham (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-68557-1_35"},{"issue":"1","key":"15_CR6","first-page":"5","volume":"14","author":"SR Gunn","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gunn, S.R.: Support vector machines for classification and regression. ISIS Tech. Rep. 14(1), 5\u201316 (1998)","journal-title":"ISIS Tech. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"15_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1145\/1656274.1656278","volume":"11","author":"M Hall","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hall, M., Frank, E., Holmes, G., Pfahringer, B., Reutemann, P., Witten, I.H.: The WEKA data mining software: an update. ACM SIGKDD Explor. Newsl. 11(1), 10\u201318 (2009)","journal-title":"ACM SIGKDD Explor. Newsl."},{"key":"15_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heredia, B., Khoshgoftaar, T.M., Prusa, J., Crawford, M.: An investigation of ensemble techniques for detection of spam reviews. In: 15th IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA), pp. 127\u2013133. IEEE, December 2016","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMLA.2016.0029"},{"key":"15_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jindal, N., Liu, B.: Opinion spam and analysis. In: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Web Search and DataMining. ACM (2008)","DOI":"10.1145\/1341531.1341560"},{"issue":"12","key":"15_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2757","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(03)00175-4","volume":"36","author":"HC Kim","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kim, H.C., Pang, S., Je, H.M., Kim, D., Bang, S.Y.: Constructing support vector machine ensemble. Pattern Recognit. 36(12), 2757\u20132767 (2003)","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"key":"15_CR11","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-45234-0_42","volume-title":"Social Media: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly","author":"P Kumar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kumar, P., Dasari, Y., Nath, S., Sinha, A.: Controlling and mitigating targeted socio-economic attacks. In: Dwivedi, Y.K., et al. (eds.) I3E 2016. LNCS, vol. 9844, pp. 471\u2013476. Springer, Cham (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-45234-0_42"},{"key":"15_CR12","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-68557-1_25","volume-title":"Digital Nations \u2013 Smart Cities, Innovation, and Sustainability","author":"P Kumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kumar, P., Dasari, Y., Jain, A., Sinha, A.: Fake order mitigation: a profile based mechanism. In: Kar, A.K., et al. (eds.) I3E 2017. LNCS, vol. 10595, pp. 276\u2013288. Springer, Cham (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-68557-1_25"},{"key":"15_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J., Ott, M., Cardie, C., Hovy, E.H.: Towards a general rule for identifying deceptive opinion spam. In: ACL, vol. 1, pp. 1566\u20131576, June 2014","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/P14-1147"},{"key":"15_CR14","unstructured":"Mukherjee, A., Venkataraman, V., Liu, B., Glance, N.: What yelp fake review filter might be doing?. In: Seventh International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media, June 2013"},{"key":"15_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mukherjee, A., Kumar, A., Liu, B., Wang, J., Hsu, M., Castellanos, M., Ghosh, R.: Spotting opinion spammers using behavioral footprints. In: Proceedings of the 19th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 632\u2013640. ACM, August 2013","DOI":"10.1145\/2487575.2487580"},{"key":"15_CR16","unstructured":"Ott, M., Choi, Y., Cardie, C., Hancock, J.T.: Finding deceptive opinion spam by any stretch of the imagination. In: Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, vol. 1, pp. 309\u2013319. Association for Computational Linguistics, June 2011"},{"key":"15_CR17","unstructured":"Ott, M., Cardi, C., Hancock, J.T.: Negative deceptive opinion spam. In: HLT- NAACL (2013)"},{"issue":"8","key":"15_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2065","DOI":"10.4304\/jsw.9.8.2065-2072","volume":"9","author":"Q Peng","year":"2014","unstructured":"Peng, Q., Zhong, M.: Detecting spam review through sentiment analysis. JSW 9(8), 2065\u20132072 (2014)","journal-title":"JSW"},{"key":"15_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qian, T., Liu, B.: Identifying multiple userids of the same author. In: EMNLP, pp. 1124\u20131135, October 2013","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D13-1113"},{"key":"15_CR20","unstructured":"Rennie, J.D., Shih, L., Teevan, J., Karger, D.R.: Tackling the poor assumptions of naive bayes text classifiers. In: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML-2003), pp. 616\u2013623 (2003)"},{"key":"15_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shojaee, S., Murad, M.A.A., Azman, A.B., Sharef, N.M., Nadali, S.: Detecting deceptive reviews using lexical and syntactic features. In: 2013 13th International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA), pp. 53\u201358. IEEE, December 2013","DOI":"10.1109\/ISDA.2013.6920707"},{"issue":"4","key":"15_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2009.03.002","volume":"45","author":"M Sokolova","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sokolova, M., Lapalme, G.: A systematic analysis of performance measures for classification tasks. Inf. Process. Manag. 45(4), 427\u2013437 (2009)","journal-title":"Inf. Process. Manag."},{"key":"15_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Srivastava, A., Singh, M.P., Kumar, P.: Supervised semantic analysis of product reviews using weighted k-NN classifier. In: 2014 11th International Conference on Information Technology: New Generations (ITNG), pp. 502\u2013507. IEEE, April 2014","DOI":"10.1109\/ITNG.2014.99"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern Recognition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-319-96133-0_15","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,5]],"date-time":"2025-07-05T16:51:28Z","timestamp":1751734288000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-319-96133-0_15"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"ISBN":["9783319961323","9783319961330"],"references-count":23,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-96133-0_15","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 July 2018","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"MLDM","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern Recognition","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"New York, NY","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"USA","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2018","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"15 July 2018","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"19 July 2018","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"14","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"mldm2018","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/www.mldm.de\/index.php","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}