{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T12:39:54Z","timestamp":1771072794001,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783319963846","type":"print"},{"value":"9783319963853","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-96385-3_4","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,23]],"date-time":"2018-07-23T12:48:16Z","timestamp":1532350096000},"page":"43-57","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Pointing Errors in Non-metric Virtual Environments"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"Muryy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Glennerster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"4_CR1","volume-title":"The Organization of Learning","author":"C Gallistel","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gallistel, C.: The Organization of Learning. The MIT Press, Cambridge (1990)"},{"key":"4_CR2","volume-title":"The Hippocampus as a Cognitive Map","author":"J O\u2019Keefe","year":"1978","unstructured":"O\u2019Keefe, J., Nadel, L.: The Hippocampus as a Cognitive Map. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1978)"},{"key":"4_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1037\/h0061626","volume":"55","author":"EC Tolman","year":"1948","unstructured":"Tolman, E.C.: Cognitive maps in rats and men. Psychol. Rev. 55, 189\u2013208 (1948)","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"4_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2016.06.003","volume":"155","author":"T Meilinger","year":"2016","unstructured":"Meilinger, T., Strickrodt, M., B\u00fclthoff, H.H.: Qualitative differences in memory for vista and environmental spaces are caused by opaque borders, not movement or successive presentation. Cognition 155, 77\u201395 (2016)","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"4_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2017.05.020","volume":"166","author":"WH Warren","year":"2017","unstructured":"Warren, W.H., Rothman, D.B., Schnapp, B.H., Ericson, J.D.: Wormholes in virtual space: from cognitive maps to cognitive graphs. Cognition 166, 152\u2013163 (2017)","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"4_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1162\/089892998562861","volume":"10","author":"S Gillner","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gillner, S., Mallot, H.A.: Navigation and acquisition of spatial knowledge in a virtual maze. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 10, 445\u2013463 (1998)","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"4_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-7393.31.2.195","volume":"31","author":"P Foo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Foo, P., Warren, W.H., Duchon, A., Tarr, M.J.: Do humans integrate routes into a cognitive map? Map - versus landmark-based navigation of novel shortcuts. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 31, 195\u2013215 (2005)","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn."},{"key":"4_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e112544","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112544","volume":"9","author":"ER Chrastil","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chrastil, E.R., Warren, W.H.: From cognitive maps to cognitive graphs. PLoS One. 9, e112544 (2014)","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"4_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1080\/14640747908400714","volume":"31","author":"RW Byrne","year":"1979","unstructured":"Byrne, R.W.: Memory for urban geography. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 31, 147\u2013154 (1979)","journal-title":"Q. J. Exp. Psychol."},{"key":"4_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7185(92)90011-R","volume":"23","author":"B Tversky","year":"1992","unstructured":"Tversky, B.: Distortions in cognitive maps. Geoforum 23, 131\u2013138 (1992)","journal-title":"Geoforum"},{"key":"4_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1037\/xlm0000082","volume":"41","author":"ER Chrastil","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chrastil, E.R., Warren, W.H.: Active and passive spatial learning in human navigation: acquisition of graph knowledge. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 41, 1162\u20131178 (2015)","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn."},{"key":"4_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogpsych.2005.08.003","volume":"52","author":"T Ishikawa","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ishikawa, T., Montello, D.R.: Spatial knowledge acquisition from direct experience in the environment: individual differences in the development of metric knowledge and the integration of separately learned places. Cogn. Psychol. 52, 93\u2013129 (2006)","journal-title":"Cogn. Psychol."},{"key":"4_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1080\/17470218.2013.821145","volume":"67","author":"T Meilinger","year":"2014","unstructured":"Meilinger, T., Riecke, B.E., B\u00fclthoff, H.H.: Local and global reference frames for environmental spaces. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 67, 542\u2013569 (2014)","journal-title":"Q. J. Exp. Psychol."},{"key":"4_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03213464","volume":"11","author":"I Moar","year":"1983","unstructured":"Moar, I., Bower, G.H.: Inconsistency in spatial knowledge. Mem. Cognit. 11, 107\u2013113 (1983)","journal-title":"Mem. Cognit."},{"key":"4_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.100.2.163","volume":"100","author":"B Poucet","year":"1993","unstructured":"Poucet, B.: Spatial cognitive maps in animals: new hypotheses on their structure and neural mechanisms. Psychol. Rev. 100, 163\u2013182 (1993)","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"4_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0921-8890(91)90014-C","volume":"8","author":"B Kuipers","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kuipers, B., Byun, Y.-T.: A robot exploration and mapping strategy based on a semantic hierachy of spatial representations. J. Robot. Auton. Syst. 8, 47\u201363 (1991)","journal-title":"J. Robot. Auton. Syst."},{"key":"4_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1177\/0013916502238866","volume":"35","author":"B Kuipers","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kuipers, B., Tecuci, D.G., Stankiewicz, B.J.: The skeleton in the cognitive map: a computational and empirical exploration. Environ. Behav. 35, 81\u2013106 (2003)","journal-title":"Environ. Behav."},{"key":"4_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1111\/cogs.12125","volume":"38","author":"H Schultheis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schultheis, H., Bertel, S., Barkowsky, T.: Modeling mental spatial reasoning about cardinal directions. Cogn. Sci. 38, 1521\u20131561 (2014)","journal-title":"Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"4_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008821210922","volume":"5","author":"MO Franz","year":"1998","unstructured":"Franz, M.O., Sch\u00f6lkopf, B., Mallot, H.A., B\u00fclthoff, H.H.: Learning view graphs for robot navigation. Auton. Robots. 5, 111\u2013125 (1998)","journal-title":"Auton. Robots."},{"key":"4_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8949","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1408039111","volume":"111","author":"JF Cheeseman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cheeseman, J.F., Millar, C.D., Greggers, U., Lehmann, K., Pawley, M.D.M., Gallistel, C.R., Warman, G.R., Menzel, R.: Way-finding in displaced clock-shifted bees proves bees use a cognitive map. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 111, 8949\u20138954 (2014)","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"4_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E4398","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1415738111","volume":"111","author":"JF Cheeseman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cheeseman, J.F., et al.: The cognitive map hypothesis remains the best interpretation of the data in honeybee navigation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 111, E4398 (2014). Reply to Cheung et al.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"4_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E4396","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1413581111","volume":"111","author":"A Cheung","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cheung, A., et al.: Still no convincing evidence for cognitive map use by honeybees. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 111, E4396\u2013E4397 (2014). Fig.\u00a01","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"4_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4650","volume":"20","author":"KL Stachenfeld","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stachenfeld, K.L., Botvinick, M.M., Gershman, S.J.: The hippocampus as a predictive map. Nat. Neurosci. 20, 1643\u20131653 (2017)","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"4_CR24","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-87601-4","volume-title":"Spatial Cognition VI. Learning, Reasoning, and Talking about Space","year":"2008","unstructured":"Freksa, C., Newcombe, N.S., G\u00e4rdenfors, P., W\u00f6lfl, S. (eds.): Spatial Cognition VI. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 5248. Springer, Heidelberg (2008). \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-87601-4"},{"key":"4_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2008.09.001","volume":"27","author":"HA Mallot","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mallot, H.A., Basten, K.: Embodied spatial cognition: biological and artificial systems. Image Vis. Comput. 27, 1658\u20131670 (2009)","journal-title":"Image Vis. Comput."},{"key":"4_CR26","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-57207-4_21","volume-title":"Spatial Information Theory A Theoretical Basis for GIS","author":"DR Montello","year":"1993","unstructured":"Montello, D.R.: Scale and multiple psychologies of space. In: Frank, A.U., Campari, I. (eds.) COSIT 1993. LNCS, vol. 716, pp. 312\u2013321. Springer, Heidelberg (1993). \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/3-540-57207-4_21"},{"key":"4_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s10339-015-0705-x","volume":"16","author":"T Kluss","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kluss, T., Marsh, W.E., Zetzsche, C., Schill, K.: Representation of impossible worlds in the cognitive map. Cogn. Process. 16, 271\u2013276 (2015)","journal-title":"Cogn. Process."},{"key":"4_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vasylevska, K., Kaufmann, H.: Towards efficient spatial compression in self-overlapping virtual environments. In: Proceedings of 2017 IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces, 3DUI 2017, pp. 12\u201321 (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2017.7893312"},{"key":"4_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1163\/156856809789476074","volume":"22","author":"C Zetzsche","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zetzsche, C., Wolter, J., Galbraith, C., Schill, K.: Representation of space: image-like or sensorimotor? Spat. Vis. 22, 409\u2013424 (2009)","journal-title":"Spat. Vis."},{"key":"4_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e33782","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033782","volume":"7","author":"E Svarverud","year":"2012","unstructured":"Svarverud, E., Gilson, S., Glennerster, A.: A demonstration of \u201cbroken\u201d visual space. PLoS One. 7, e33782 (2012)","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"4_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(95)00262-6","volume":"36","author":"A Glennerster","year":"1996","unstructured":"Glennerster, A.: The time course of 2-D shape discrimination in random dot stereograms. Vis. Res. 36, 1955\u20131968 (1996)","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"key":"4_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(91)90056-B","volume":"31","author":"EB Johnston","year":"1991","unstructured":"Johnston, E.B.: Systematic distortions of shape from stereopsis. Vis. Res. 31, 1351\u20131360 (1991)","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"key":"4_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2007.12.002","volume":"48","author":"JJ Koenderink","year":"2008","unstructured":"Koenderink, J.J., van Doorn, A.J., Kappers, A.M.L., Doumen, M.J.A., Todd, J.T.: Exocentric pointing in depth. Vis. Res. 48, 716\u2013723 (2008)","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"key":"4_CR34","unstructured":"Ogle, K.: Researches in Binocular Vision (1950)"},{"key":"4_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1006\/cogp.1997.0669","volume":"34","author":"TP McNamara","year":"1997","unstructured":"McNamara, T.P., Diwadkar, V.A.: Symmetry and asymmetry of human spatial memory. Cogn. Psychol. 34, 160\u2013190 (1997)","journal-title":"Cogn. Psychol."},{"key":"4_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(86)90016-2","volume":"18","author":"TP McNamara","year":"1986","unstructured":"McNamara, T.P.: Mental representations of spatial relations. Cogn. Psychol. 18, 87\u2013121 (1986)","journal-title":"Cogn. Psychol."},{"key":"4_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1007\/s00426-006-0080-4","volume":"71","author":"P Foo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Foo, P., Duchon, A., Warren, W.H., Tarr, M.J.: Humans do not switch between path knowledge and landmarks when learning a new environment. Psychol. Res. 71, 240\u2013251 (2007)","journal-title":"Psychol. Res."},{"key":"4_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.21.3.663","volume":"21","author":"JS Tittle","year":"1995","unstructured":"Tittle, J.S., Todd, J.T., Perotti, V.J., Norman, J.F.: Systematic distortion of perceived three-dimensional structure from motion and binocular stereopsis. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 21, 663\u2013678 (1995)","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform."},{"key":"4_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.8.000377","volume":"8","author":"JJ Koenderink","year":"1991","unstructured":"Koenderink, J.J., van Doorn, A.J.: Affine structure from motion. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 8, 377 (1991)","journal-title":"J. Opt. Soc. Am. A"},{"key":"4_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3441","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(96)00090-9","volume":"36","author":"A Glennerster","year":"1996","unstructured":"Glennerster, A., Rogers, B.J., Bradshaw, M.F.: Stereoscopic depth constancy depends on the subject\u2019s task. Vis. Res. 36, 3441\u20133456 (1996)","journal-title":"Vis. Res."}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Spatial Cognition XI"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-319-96385-3_4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,23]],"date-time":"2018-07-23T12:48:36Z","timestamp":1532350116000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-319-96385-3_4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"ISBN":["9783319963846","9783319963853"],"references-count":40,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-96385-3_4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}}}