{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T21:07:15Z","timestamp":1774472835028,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783319991535","type":"print"},{"value":"9783319991542","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-99154-2_3","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,14]],"date-time":"2018-08-14T18:14:35Z","timestamp":1534270475000},"page":"36-52","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["How Fast Is MQTT?"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Bernhard K.","family":"Aichernig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Schumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"3_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aichernig, B.K., Schumi, R.: Property-based testing with FsCheck by deriving properties from business rule models. In: ICSTW, pp. 219\u2013228. IEEE (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSTW.2016.24"},{"key":"3_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aichernig, B.K., Schumi, R.: Property-based testing of web services by deriving properties from business-rule models. Softw. Syst. Model. (2017)","DOI":"10.1007\/s10270-017-0647-0"},{"key":"3_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aichernig, B.K., Schumi, R.: Statistical model checking meets property-based testing. In: ICST, pp. 390\u2013400. IEEE (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICST.2017.42"},{"issue":"2","key":"3_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3975(94)90010-8","volume":"126","author":"R Alur","year":"1994","unstructured":"Alur, R., Dill, D.L.: A theory of timed automata. Theor. Comput. Sci. 126(2), 183\u2013235 (1994)","journal-title":"Theor. Comput. Sci."},{"key":"3_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arts, T.: On shrinking randomly generated load tests. In: Erlang 2014, pp. 25\u201331. ACM (2014)","DOI":"10.1145\/2633448.2633452"},{"key":"3_CR6","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-40196-1_30","volume-title":"Quantitative Evaluation of Systems","author":"P Ballarini","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ballarini, P., Bertrand, N., Horv\u00e1th, A., Paolieri, M., Vicario, E.: Transient analysis of networks of stochastic timed automata using stochastic state classes. In: Joshi, K., Siegle, M., Stoelinga, M., D\u2019Argenio, P.R. (eds.) QEST 2013. LNCS, vol. 8054, pp. 355\u2013371. Springer, Heidelberg (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-40196-1_30"},{"key":"3_CR7","unstructured":"Banks, A., Gupta, R.: MQTT version 3.1.1. OASIS Standard, December 2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2008.03.066","volume":"82","author":"S Becker","year":"2009","unstructured":"Becker, S., Koziolek, H., Reussner, R.H.: The Palladio component model for model-driven performance prediction. J. Syst. Softw. 82(1), 3\u201322 (2009)","journal-title":"J. Syst. Softw."},{"key":"3_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Book, M., Gruhn, V., H\u00fclder, M., K\u00f6hler, A., Kriegel, A.: Cost and response time simulation for web-based applications on mobile channels. In: QSIC, pp. 83\u201390. IEEE (2005)","DOI":"10.1109\/QSIC.2005.21"},{"key":"3_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bulychev, P.E., et al.: UPPAAL-SMC: statistical model checking for priced timed automata. In: QAPL, EPTCS, vol. 85, pp. 1\u201316. Open Publishing Association (2012)","DOI":"10.4204\/EPTCS.85.1"},{"key":"3_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, X., Mohapatra, P., Chen, H.: An admission control scheme for predictable server response time for web accesses. In: WWW, pp. 545\u2013554. ACM (2001)","DOI":"10.1145\/371920.372156"},{"key":"3_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Claessen, K., Hughes, J.: QuickCheck: a lightweight tool for random testing of Haskell programs. In: ICFP, pp. 268\u2013279. ACM (2000)","DOI":"10.1145\/351240.351266"},{"key":"3_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Collina, M., Corazza, G.E., Vanelli-Coralli, A.: Introducing the QEST broker: scaling the IoT by bridging MQTT and REST. In: PIMRC, pp. 36\u201341. IEEE (2012)","DOI":"10.1109\/PIMRC.2012.6362813"},{"key":"3_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Draheim, D., Grundy, J.C., Hosking, J.G., Lutteroth, C., Weber, G.: Realistic load testing of web applications. In: CSMR, pp. 57\u201370. IEEE (2006)","DOI":"10.1109\/CSMR.2006.43"},{"key":"3_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Govindarajulu, Z.: Sequential Statistics. World Scientific (2004)","DOI":"10.1142\/5575"},{"issue":"301","key":"3_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1963.10500830","volume":"58","author":"W Hoeffding","year":"1963","unstructured":"Hoeffding, W.: Probability inequalities for sums of bounded random variables. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 58(301), 13\u201330 (1963)","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"key":"3_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Houimli, M., Kahloul, L., Benaoun, S.: Formal specification, verification and evaluation of the MQTT protocol in the Internet of Things. In: ICMIT, pp. 214\u2013221. IEEE, December 2017","DOI":"10.1109\/MATHIT.2017.8259720"},{"key":"3_CR18","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-69611-7_1","volume-title":"Practical Aspects of Declarative Languages","author":"J Hughes","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hughes, J.: QuickCheck testing for fun and profit. In: Hanus, M. (ed.) PADL 2007. LNCS, vol. 4354, pp. 1\u201332. Springer, Heidelberg (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-69611-7_1"},{"key":"3_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kalaji, A.S., Hierons, R.M., Swift, S.: Generating feasible transition paths for testing from an extended finite state machine. In: ICST, pp. 230\u2013239. IEEE (2009)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICST.2009.29"},{"key":"3_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, S., Kim, H., Hong, D., Ju, H.: Correlation analysis of MQTT loss and delay according to QoS level. In: ICOIN, pp. 714\u2013717. IEEE (2013)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICOIN.2013.6496715"},{"key":"3_CR21","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-16612-9_11","volume-title":"Runtime Verification","author":"A Legay","year":"2010","unstructured":"Legay, A., Delahaye, B., Bensalem, S.: Statistical model checking: an overview. In: Barringer, H., et al. (eds.) RV 2010. LNCS, vol. 6418, pp. 122\u2013135. Springer, Heidelberg (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-16612-9_11"},{"key":"3_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Legay, A., Sedwards, S.: On statistical model checking with PLASMA. In: TASE, pp. 139\u2013145. IEEE (2014)","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2014.20"},{"key":"3_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lu, Y., Nolte, T., Bate, I., Cucu-Grosjean, L.: A statistical response-time analysis of real-time embedded systems. In: RTSS, pp. 351\u2013362. IEEE (2012)","DOI":"10.1109\/RTSS.2012.85"},{"issue":"3","key":"3_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/78.3.691","volume":"78","author":"NJ Nagelkerke","year":"1991","unstructured":"Nagelkerke, N.J.: A note on a general definition of the coefficient of determination. Biometrika 78(3), 691\u2013692 (1991)","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"3_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Papadakis, M., Sagonas, K.: A PropEr integration of types and function specifications with property-based testing. In: Erlang 2011, pp. 39\u201350. ACM (2011)","DOI":"10.1145\/2034654.2034663"},{"key":"3_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1098\/rspl.1895.0041","volume":"58","author":"K Pearson","year":"1895","unstructured":"Pearson, K.: Note on regression and inheritance in the case of two parents. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. 58, 240\u2013242 (1895)","journal-title":"Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond."},{"key":"3_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rencher, A., Christensen, W.: Methods of Multivariate Analysis. Wiley (2012)","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118391686"},{"key":"3_CR28","unstructured":"Tyagi, R.S.: A comparative study of performance testing tools. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Softw. Eng. IJARCSSE 3(5), 1300\u20131307 (2013)"},{"key":"3_CR29","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-67549-7_18","volume-title":"Testing Software and Systems","author":"R Schumi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schumi, R., Lang, P., Aichernig, B.K., Krenn, W., Schlick, R.: Checking response-time properties of web-service applications under stochastic user profiles. In: Yevtushenko, N., Cavalli, A.R., Yenig\u00fcn, H. (eds.) ICTSS 2017. LNCS, vol. 10533, pp. 293\u2013310. Springer, Cham (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-67549-7_18"},{"key":"3_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tappler, M., Aichernig, B.K., Bloem, R.: Model-based testing IoT communication via active automata learning. In: ICST, pp. 276\u2013287. IEEE (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICST.2017.32"},{"key":"3_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thangavel, D., Ma, X., Valera, A.C., Tan, H., Tan, C.K.: Performance evaluation of MQTT and CoAP via a common middleware. In: ISSNIP, pp. 1\u20136. IEEE (2014)","DOI":"10.1109\/ISSNIP.2014.6827678"},{"key":"3_CR32","unstructured":"Wald, A.: Sequential analysis. Courier Corporation (1973)"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Quantitative Evaluation of Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-319-99154-2_3","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]],"date-time":"2025-07-06T10:15:27Z","timestamp":1751796927000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-319-99154-2_3"}},"subtitle":["Statistical Model Checking and Testing of IoT Protocols"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"ISBN":["9783319991535","9783319991542"],"references-count":32,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-99154-2_3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}}}