{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T13:46:44Z","timestamp":1767275204388},"publisher-location":"Berlin, Heidelberg","reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783540790365"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783540790372"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-79037-2_2","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,12]],"date-time":"2008-04-12T08:00:04Z","timestamp":1207987204000},"page":"18-37","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Modeling Embodied Feedback with Virtual Humans"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Stefan","family":"Kopp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Allwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Grammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Ahlsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thorsten","family":"Stocksmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"2_CR1","unstructured":"Allwood, J.: Linguistic Communication as Action and Cooperation. Gothenburg Monographs in Linguistics 2. G\u00f6teborg University, Department of Linguistics (1976)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/jos\/9.1.1","volume":"9","author":"J. Allwood","year":"1992","unstructured":"Allwood, J., Nivre, J., Ahls\u00e9n, E.: On the semantics and pragmatics of linguistic feedback. Journal of Semantics\u00a09(1), 1\u201326 (1992)","journal-title":"Journal of Semantics"},{"key":"2_CR3","unstructured":"Allwood, J., Kopp, S., Grammer, K., Ahlsen, E., Oberzaucher, E., Koppensteiner, M.: The analysis of embodied communicative feedback in multimodal corpora \u2013 a prerequisite for behaviour simulation. Journal of Language Resources and Evaluation (to appear)"},{"key":"2_CR4","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence","first-page":"154","volume-title":"Affective Dialogue Systems","author":"I. Wachsmuth","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wachsmuth, I., Becker, C., Kopp, S.: Simulating the Emotion Dynamics of a Multimodal Conversational Agent. In: Andr\u00e9, E., Dybkj\u00e6r, L., Minker, W., Heisterkamp, P. (eds.) ADS 2004. LNCS (LNAI), vol.\u00a03068, pp. 154\u2013165. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)"},{"key":"2_CR5","volume-title":"Proc. Dutch directions in HCI","author":"R.J. Beun","year":"2004","unstructured":"Beun, R.J., van Eijk, R.M.: Conceptual Discrepancies and Feedback in Human-Computer Interaction. In: Proc. Dutch directions in HCI, ACM Press, New York (2004)"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"2_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1080\/088395199117360","volume":"13","author":"J. Cassell","year":"1999","unstructured":"Cassell, J., Th\u00f3risson, K.R.: The Power of a Nod and a Glance: Envelope vs. Emotional Feedback in Animated Conversational Agents. Int J. Applied Artificial Intelligence\u00a013(4\u20135), 519\u2013538 (1999)","journal-title":"Int J. Applied Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"2_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cassell, J., Bickmore, T., Billinghurst, M., Campbell, L., Chang, K., Vilhj\u00e1lmsson, H., Yan, H.: Embodiment in Conversational Interfaces: Rea. In: Proc. CHI, pp. 520\u2013527 (1999)","DOI":"10.1145\/302979.303150"},{"key":"2_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cathcart, N., Carletta, J., Klein, E.: A shallow model of backchannel continuers in spoken dialogue. In: Proc. European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL10), pp. 51\u201358 (2003)","DOI":"10.3115\/1067807.1067816"},{"key":"2_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ehlich, K.: Interjektionen, Max Niemeyer Verlag (1986)","DOI":"10.1515\/9783111357133"},{"key":"2_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fujie, S., Fukushima, K., Kobayashi, T.: A Conversation Robot with Back-channel Feedback Function based on Linguistic and Nonlinguistic Information. In: Proc. ICARA Int. Conference on Autonomous Robots and Agents, pp. 379\u2013384 (2004)","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2005-400"},{"key":"2_CR11","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1007\/11821830_7","volume-title":"Intelligent Virtual Agents","author":"S.C. Marsella","year":"2006","unstructured":"Marsella, S.C., Morency, L.-P., Gratch, J., Okhmatovskaia, A., Lamothe, F., Morales, M., van der Werf, R.J.: Virtual Rapport. In: Gratch, J., Young, M., Aylett, R.S., Ballin, D., Olivier, P. (eds.) IVA 2006. LNCS (LNAI), vol.\u00a04133, pp. 14\u201327. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)"},{"key":"2_CR12","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence","first-page":"244","volume-title":"Affective Dialogue Systems","author":"A. Nijholt","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nijholt, A., Heylen, D., Vissers, M., op den Akker, R.: Affective Feedback in a Tutoring System for Procedural Tasks. In: Andr\u00e9, E., Dybkj\u00e6r, L., Minker, W., Heisterkamp, P. (eds.) ADS 2004. LNCS (LNAI), vol.\u00a03068, pp. 244\u2013253. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)"},{"key":"2_CR13","first-page":"285","volume-title":"Silence-Interdisciplinary perspectives","author":"N. Houck","year":"1997","unstructured":"Houck, N., Gass, S.M.: Cross-cultural back channels in English refusals: A source of trouble. In: Jaworski, A. (ed.) Silence-Interdisciplinary perspectives, pp. 285\u2013308. Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin (1997)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1002\/cav.6","volume":"15","author":"S. Kopp","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kopp, S., Wachsmuth, I.: Synthesizing multimodal utterances for conversational agents. Computer Animation & Virtual Worlds\u00a015(1), 39\u201352 (2004)","journal-title":"Computer Animation & Virtual Worlds"},{"key":"2_CR15","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/11550617_28","volume-title":"Intelligent Virtual Agents","author":"S. Kopp","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kopp, S., Gesellensetter, L., Kr\u00e4mer, N., Wachsmuth, I.: A conversational agent as museum guide \u2013 design and evaluation of a real-world application. In: Panayiotopoulos, T., Gratch, J., Aylett, R.S., Ballin, D., Olivier, P., Rist, T. (eds.) IVA 2005. LNCS (LNAI), vol.\u00a03661, pp. 329\u2013343. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)"},{"key":"2_CR16","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence","first-page":"553","volume-title":"Advances in Agent Communication","author":"Y. Nakano","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nakano, Y., Reinstein, G., Stocky, T., Cassell, J.: Towards a Model of Face-to-Face Grounding. In: Dignum, F.P.M. (ed.) ACL 2003. LNCS (LNAI), vol.\u00a02922, pp. 553\u2013561. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)"},{"key":"2_CR17","volume-title":"Multimodal Intelligent Information Presentation","author":"I. Poggi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Poggi, I., Pelachaud, C., de Rosis, F., Carofiglio, V., De Carolis, B.: GRETA. A Believable Embodied Conversational Agent. In: Stock, O., Zancarano, M. (eds.) Multimodal Intelligent Information Presentation, Kluwer, Dordrecht (2005)"},{"key":"2_CR18","first-page":"161","volume-title":"Emotions: Essays on Emotion Theory","author":"K.R. Scherer","year":"1994","unstructured":"Scherer, K.R.: Affect Bursts. In: van Goozen, S., van de Poll, N.E., Sergeant, J.A. (eds.) Emotions: Essays on Emotion Theory, pp. 161\u2013193. Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah (1994)"},{"key":"2_CR19","unstructured":"Schmid, H.: Improvements in Part-of-Speech Tagging With an Application To German (1995), http:\/\/www.ims.uni-stuttgart.de\/ftp\/pub\/corpora\/tree-tagger1.pdf"},{"key":"2_CR20","unstructured":"Shimojima, H., Koiso, M., Swerts, Katagiri, Y.: Mouton de GruyterAn Informational Analysis of Echoic Responses in Dialogue. In: Proc. ESSLLI Workshop on Integrating Information from Different Channels in Multi-Media-Contexts, pp. 48\u201355 (2000)"},{"key":"2_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stocksmeier, T., Kopp, S., Gibbon, D.: Synthesis of prosodic attitudinal variants in German backchannel \u201cja\u201d. In: Proc. of Interspeech 2007, Antwerp, Belgium (2007)","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2007-232"},{"key":"2_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Takeuchi, M., Kitaoka, N., Nakagawa, S.: Timing detection for realtime dialog systems using prosodic and linguistic information. In: Proc. of the International Conference Speech Prosody (SP 2004), pp. 529\u2013532 (2004)","DOI":"10.21437\/SpeechProsody.2004-122"},{"key":"2_CR23","unstructured":"Th\u00f3risson, K.R.: Communicative Humanoids: A Computational Model of Psychosocial Dialogue Skills. Ph.D. thesis, MIT (1996)"},{"key":"2_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vilhj\u00e1lmsson, H.H., Cassell, J.: BodyChat: Autonomous Commumicative Behaviors in Avators. Agents, 269\u2013276 (1998)","DOI":"10.1145\/280765.280843"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"2_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-005-9015-5","volume":"24","author":"I. Wachsmuth","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wachsmuth, I., Knoblich, G.: Embodied communication in humans and machines - a research agenda. Artificial Intelligence Review\u00a024(3-4), 517\u2013522 (2005)","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence Review"},{"key":"2_CR26","unstructured":"Wallers, A.: Minor sounds of major importance - prosodic manipulation of synthetic backchannels in swedish. Master\u2019s thesis, KTH Stockholm, Sweden (2006)"},{"key":"2_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ward, N.: Using prosodic cues to decide when to produce back-channel utterances. In: Proceedings of ICSLP, pp. 1728\u20131731 (1996)","DOI":"10.21437\/ICSLP.1996-439"},{"key":"2_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-2166(99)00109-5","volume":"32","author":"N. Ward","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ward, N.: Prosodic features which cue backchannel responses in English and Japanese. Pragmatics\u00a032, 1177\u20131207 (2000)","journal-title":"Pragmatics"},{"key":"2_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-2166(99)00109-5","volume":"32","author":"N. Ward","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ward, N., Tsukahara, W.: Prosodic features which cue back-channel responses in English and Japanese. Journal of Pragmatics\u00a032, 1177\u20131207 (2000)","journal-title":"Journal of Pragmatics"},{"key":"2_CR30","volume-title":"Cybernetics and Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine","author":"N. Wiener","year":"1948","unstructured":"Wiener, N.: Cybernetics and Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine. MIT Press, Cambridge (1948)"},{"key":"2_CR31","unstructured":"Yngve, V.H.: On getting a word in edgewise. In: Papers from the 6th Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistics Society, University of Chicago, pp. 567\u2013578 (1970)"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Modeling Communication with Robots and Virtual Humans"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-540-79037-2_2.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,24]],"date-time":"2024-02-24T22:41:27Z","timestamp":1708814487000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-540-79037-2_2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"ISBN":["9783540790365","9783540790372"],"references-count":31,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-79037-2_2","relation":{},"subject":[]}}