{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T03:47:21Z","timestamp":1768967241435,"version":"3.49.0"},"publisher-location":"Berlin, Heidelberg","reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783642128479","type":"print"},{"value":"9783642128486","type":"electronic"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-12848-6_7","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,6]],"date-time":"2010-04-06T07:00:37Z","timestamp":1270537237000},"page":"173-203","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Semantic Texton Forests"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Matthew","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jamie","family":"Shotton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"7_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1997.9.7.1545","volume":"9","author":"Y. Amit","year":"1997","unstructured":"Amit, Y., Geman, D.: Shape quantization and recognition with randomized trees. Neural Computation\u00a09(7), 1545\u20131588 (1997)","journal-title":"Neural Computation"},{"key":"7_CR2","unstructured":"Bishop, C.: Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. Springer-Verlag New York, Inc. (2006)"},{"key":"7_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bosch, A., Zisermann, A., Mu\u00f1oz, X.: Image classification using random forests and ferns. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision (2007)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2007.4409066"},{"issue":"1","key":"7_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010933404324","volume":"45","author":"L. Breiman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Breiman, L.: Random forests. Machine Learning\u00a045(1), 5\u201332 (2001)","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"key":"7_CR5","volume-title":"Classification and Regression Trees","author":"L. Breiman","year":"1984","unstructured":"Breiman, L., Friedman, J., Olshen, R.: Classification and Regression Trees. Wadsworth, Belmont (1984)"},{"key":"7_CR6","unstructured":"Csurka, G., Dance, C., Fan, L., Willamowski, J., Bray, C.: Visual categorization with bags of keypoints. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Statistical Learning in Computer Vision, ECCV (2004)"},{"key":"7_CR7","unstructured":"Elkan, C.: Using the triangle inequality to accelerate k-means. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 147\u2013153 (2003)"},{"key":"7_CR8","unstructured":"Everingham, M., Van Gool, L., Williams, C.K.I., Winn, J., Zisserman, A.: The PASCAL VOC Challenge (2007), http:\/\/www.pascal-network.org\/challenges\/VOC\/voc2007\/workshop\/index.html"},{"key":"7_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fei-Fei, L., Perona, P.: A bayesian hierarchical model for learning natural scene categories. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2005)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2005.16"},{"issue":"1","key":"7_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s10994-006-6226-1","volume":"36","author":"P. Geurts","year":"2006","unstructured":"Geurts, P., Ernst, D., Wehenkel, L.: Extremely randomized trees. Machine Learning\u00a036(1), 3\u201342 (2006)","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"key":"7_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grauman, K., Darrell, T.: The pyramid match kernel: Discriminative classification with sets of image features. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision (2005)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2005.239"},{"key":"7_CR12","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing","author":"A.K. Jain","year":"1989","unstructured":"Jain, A.K.: Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey (1989)"},{"key":"7_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jurie, F., Triggs, B.: Creating efficient codebooks for visual recognition. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 604\u2013610 (2005)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2005.66"},{"key":"7_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lasserre, J., Kannan, A., Winn, J.: Hybrid learning of large jigsaws. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Minneapolis (2007)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2007.383100"},{"key":"7_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lepetit, V., Lagger, P., Fua, P.: Randomized trees for real-time keypoint recognition. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 775\u2013781 (2005)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2005.288"},{"issue":"2","key":"7_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VISI.0000029664.99615.94","volume":"60","author":"D. Lowe","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lowe, D.: Distinctive image features from scale-invariant keypoints. International Journal of Computer Vision\u00a060(2), 91\u2013110 (2004)","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Vision"},{"issue":"1","key":"7_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011174803800","volume":"43","author":"J. Malik","year":"2001","unstructured":"Malik, J., Belongie, S., Leung, T., Shi, J.: Contour and texture analysis for image segmentation. International Journal of Computer Vision\u00a043(1), 7\u201327 (2001)","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Vision"},{"key":"7_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mar\u00e9e, R., Geurts, P., Piater, J., Wehenkel, L.: Random subwindows for robust image classification. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 34\u201340 (2005)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2005.287"},{"issue":"1","key":"7_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VISI.0000027790.02288.f2","volume":"60","author":"K. Mikolajczyk","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mikolajczyk, K., Schmid, C.: Scale and affine invariant interest point detectors. International Journal of Computer Vision\u00a060(1), 63\u201386 (2004)","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Vision"},{"key":"7_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moosmann, F., Triggs, B., Jurie, F.: Fast discriminative visual codebooks using randomized clustering forests. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (2006)","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/7503.003.0128"},{"key":"7_CR21","unstructured":"Nist\u00e9r, D., Stew\u00e9nius, H.: Scalable recognition with a vocabulary tree. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2006)"},{"key":"7_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nowak, E., Jurie, F., Triggs, B.: Sampling strategies for bag-of-features image classification. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision (2006)","DOI":"10.1007\/11744085_38"},{"issue":"3","key":"7_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011139631724","volume":"42","author":"A. Oliva","year":"2001","unstructured":"Oliva, A., Torralba, A.: Modeling the shape of the scene: a holistic representation of the spatial envelope. International Journal of Computer Vision\u00a042(3), 145\u2013175 (2001)","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Vision"},{"issue":"1","key":"7_CR24","first-page":"23","volume":"155","author":"A. Oliva","year":"2006","unstructured":"Oliva, A., Torralba, A.: Building the gist of a scene: The role of global image features in recognition. Visual Perception, Progress in Brain Research\u00a0155(1), 23\u201326 (2006)","journal-title":"Visual Perception, Progress in Brain Research"},{"key":"7_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Quelhas, P., Monay, F., Odobez, J.M., Gatica, D., Tuytelaars, T.: Modeling scenes with local descriptors and latent aspects. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision (2005)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2005.152"},{"key":"7_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rabinovich, A., Vedaldi, A., Galleguillos, C., Wiewiora, E., Belongie, S.: Objects in context. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision (2007)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2007.4408986"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"7_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-007-0090-8","volume":"77","author":"B. Russell","year":"2008","unstructured":"Russell, B., Torralba, A., Murphy, K., Freeman, W.T.: Labelme: a database and web-based tool for image annotation. Journal of Computer Vision\u00a077(1-3), 157\u2013173 (2008)","journal-title":"Journal of Computer Vision"},{"key":"7_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Russell, B.C., Efros, A.A., Sivic, J., Freeman, W.T., Zisserman, A.: Using multiple segmentations to discover objects and their extent in image collections. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2006)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2006.326"},{"key":"7_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schindler, G., Brown, M., Szeliski, R.: City-scale location recognition. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Minneapolis (2007)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2007.383150"},{"key":"7_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shotton, J., Winn, J., Rother, C., Criminisi, A.: Textonboost for image understanding: Multi-class object recognition and segmentation by jointly modeling texture, layout, and context. International Journal of Computer Vision\u00a081(1) (2009)","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-007-0109-1"},{"key":"7_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sivic, J., Russel, B., Efros, A., Zisserman, A., Freeman, W.: Discovering objects and their localization in images. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision, Beijing, China, pp. 370\u2013377 (2005)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2005.77"},{"key":"7_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sivic, J., Zisserman, A.: Video Google: A text retrieval approach to object matching in videos. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision, vol.\u00a02, pp. 1470\u20131477 (2003)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2003.1238663"},{"key":"7_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00130487","volume":"7","author":"M. Swain","year":"1991","unstructured":"Swain, M., Ballard, D.: Color indexing. Int. J. Computer Vision\u00a07, 11\u201332 (1991)","journal-title":"Int. J. Computer Vision"},{"key":"7_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tuytelaars, T., Schmid, C.: Vector quantizing feature space with a regular lattice. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision (2007)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2007.4408924"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"7_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-005-4635-4","volume":"62","author":"M. Varma","year":"2005","unstructured":"Varma, M., Zisserman, A.: A statistical approach to texture classification from single images. International Journal of Computer Vision\u00a062(1-2), 61\u201381 (2005)","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Vision"},{"key":"7_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Verbeek, J., Triggs, B.: Region classification with markov field aspect models. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2007)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2007.383098"},{"key":"7_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Viola, P., Jones, M.: Rapid object detection using a boosted cascade of simple features. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 511\u2013518 (2001)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2001.990517"},{"key":"7_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Winder, S., Brown, M.: Learning local image descriptors. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2007)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2007.382971"},{"key":"7_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Winn, J., Criminisi, A., Minka, T.: Object categorization by learned universal visual dictionary. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision, Beijing, China, pp. 1800\u20131807 (2005)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2005.171"},{"issue":"2","key":"7_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-006-9794-4","volume":"73","author":"J. Zhang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zhang, J., Marsza\u0142ek, M., Lazebnik, S., Schmid, C.: Local features and kernels for classificaiton of texture and object categories: A comprehensive study. International Journal of Computer Vision\u00a073(2), 213\u2013238 (2007)","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Vision"}],"container-title":["Studies in Computational Intelligence","Computer Vision"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-642-12848-6_7.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T21:25:22Z","timestamp":1740000322000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-642-12848-6_7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"ISBN":["9783642128479","9783642128486"],"references-count":40,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-12848-6_7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1860-949X","1860-9503"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1860-949X","type":"print"},{"value":"1860-9503","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}}}