{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T17:46:12Z","timestamp":1784742372764,"version":"3.55.0"},"publisher-location":"Berlin, Heidelberg","reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783642200946","type":"print"},{"value":"9783642200953","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-20095-3_44","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,22]],"date-time":"2011-03-22T00:01:18Z","timestamp":1300752078000},"page":"478-489","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["BioExcom: Detection and Categorization of Speculative Sentences in Biomedical Literature"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Julien","family":"Descl\u00e9s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motasem","family":"Alrahabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Pierre","family":"Descl\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"44_CR1","first-page":"33","volume":"18","author":"K. Hyland","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hyland, K.: The author in the text: Hedging Scientific Writing. Hong Kong Papers in Linguistics and Language Teaching\u00a018, 33\u201342 (1995)","journal-title":"Hong Kong Papers in Linguistics and Language Teaching"},{"key":"44_CR2","unstructured":"Light, M., Qiu, X.Y., Srinivasan, P.: The Language of Bioscience: Facts, Speculations, and Statements in Between. In: HLT-NAACL, ed, Workshop on Linking Biological Literature Ontologies and Databases, pp. 17\u201324 (2004)"},{"key":"44_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.01.001","volume":"41","author":"B. Medlock","year":"2008","unstructured":"Medlock, B.: Exploring hedge identification in biomedical literature. J. Biomed. Inform.\u00a041, 636\u2013654 (2008)","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Inform."},{"key":"44_CR4","unstructured":"Szarvas, G.: Hedge classification in biomedical texts with a weakly supervised selection of keywords. In: Proceedings of ACL 2008: HLT, Columbus, Ohio, USA, pp. 281\u2013289 (June 2008)"},{"key":"44_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-9-S11-S10","volume":"9 Suppl. 11","author":"H. Kilicoglu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kilicoglu, H., Bergler, S.: Recognizing speculative language in biomedical research articles: a linguistically motivated perspective. BMC Bioinformatics\u00a09 Suppl. 11, S10 (2008)","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"44_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morante, R., Daelemans, W.: Learning the scope of hedge cues in biomedical texts. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on BioNLP, Boulder, Colorado, USA, June 2009, pp. 28\u201336. ACL (2009)","DOI":"10.3115\/1572364.1572369"},{"key":"44_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00d6zg\u00fcr, A., Radev, D.: Detecting Speculations and their Scopes in Scientific Text. In: Proceedings of the 2009 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Singapore, August 6-7, pp. 1398\u20131407 (2009)","DOI":"10.3115\/1699648.1699686"},{"key":"44_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0030065","volume":"3","author":"D. Rebholz-Schuhmann","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rebholz-Schuhmann, D., Kirsch, H., Couto, F.: Facts from text\u2013is text mining ready to deliver? PLoS Biol.\u00a03, e65 (2005)","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"44_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.0040020","volume":"4","author":"K.B. Cohen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cohen, K.B., Hunter, L.: Getting started in text mining. PLoS Comput. Biol.\u00a04, 20 (2008)","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"44_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2006.02.012","volume":"21","author":"L. Hunter","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hunter, L., Cohen, K.B.: Biomedical language processing: what\u2019s beyond PubMed? Mol. Cell.\u00a021, 589\u2013594 (2006)","journal-title":"Mol. Cell."},{"key":"44_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.06.029","volume":"134","author":"A. Rzhetsky","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rzhetsky, A., Gerstein, M.: Seeking a new biology through text mining. Cell\u00a0134, 9\u201313 (2008)","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"44_CR12","unstructured":"Descl\u00e9s, J.P.: Contextual Exploration Processing for Discourse Automatic Annotations of Texts. In: FLAIRS 2006, invited speaker, Melbourne, Florida, pp. 281\u2013284 (2006)"},{"key":"44_CR13","unstructured":"Djioua, B., Flores, J.G., Blais, A., Descl\u00e9s, J.P., Guibert, G., Jackiewicz, A., Le Priol, F., Nait-Baha, L., Sauzay, B.: EXCOM: an automatic annotation engine for semantic information. In: FLAIRS 2006, Melbourne, Florida, Mai 11-13, pp. 285\u2013290 (2006)"},{"key":"44_CR14","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-85287-2_5","volume-title":"Advances in Natural Language Processing","author":"M. Alrahabi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Alrahabi, M., Descl\u00e9s, J.P.: Automatic annotation of direct reported speech in Arabic and French, according to semantic map of enunciative modalities. In: Nordstr\u00f6m, B., Ranta, A. (eds.) GoTAL 2008. LNCS (LNAI), vol.\u00a05221, pp. 40\u201351. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)"},{"key":"44_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szarvas, G., Vincze, V., Farkas, R., Csirik, J.: The BioScope corpus: annotation for negation, uncertainty and their scope in biomedical texts. In: BioNLP ACL 2008 Workshop (2008)","DOI":"10.3115\/1572306.1572314"},{"key":"44_CR16","unstructured":"Descl\u00e9s, J., Makkaoui, O., Hac\u00e8ne, T.: Detection of speculations in biomedical texts: new perspectives and large-scale evaluation. In: Proceeding of NeSp-NLP Workshop 2010, Sweden (2010)"},{"issue":"3","key":"44_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbm012","volume":"8","author":"T. Clark","year":"2007","unstructured":"Clark, T., Kinoshita, J.: Alzforum and SWAN: The Present and Future of Scientific Web Communities. Briefings in Bioinformatics\u00a08(3), 163\u2013171 (2007)","journal-title":"Briefings in Bioinformatics"},{"key":"44_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(99)80208-5","volume":"9","author":"R. Brent","year":"1999","unstructured":"Brent, R.: Functional genomics: learning to think about gene expression data. Curr. Biol.\u00a09, R338\u2013341 (1999)","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"44_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81693-1","volume":"100","author":"R. Brent","year":"2000","unstructured":"Brent, R.: Genomic biology. Cell\u00a0100, 169\u2013183 (2000)","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"44_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.10385","volume":"26","author":"D.B. Kell","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kell, D.B., Oliver, S.G.: Here is the evidence, now what is the hypothesis? The complementary roles of inductive and hypothesis-driven science in the post-genomic era. Bioessays\u00a026, 99\u2013105 (2004)","journal-title":"Bioessays"},{"key":"44_CR21","first-page":"504","volume":"308","author":"R. Brent","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brent, R., Lok, L.: Cell biology. A fishing buddy for hypothesis generators. Science\u00a0308, 504\u2013506 (2005)","journal-title":"A fishing buddy for hypothesis generators. Science"},{"key":"44_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1038\/35091132","volume":"412","author":"D. Bray","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bray, D.: Reasoning for results. Nature\u00a0412, 863 (2001)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"44_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1038\/416373a","volume":"416","author":"M.V. Blagosklonny","year":"2002","unstructured":"Blagosklonny, M.V., Pardee, A.: Conceptual biology: unearthing the gems. Nature\u00a0416, 373 (2002)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"44_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btl159","volume":"22","author":"X. Yuan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yuan, X., Hu, Z.Z., Wu, H.T., Torii, M., Narayanaswamy, M., Ravikumar, K.E., Vijay-Shanker, K., Wu, C.: An online literature mining tool for protein phosphorylation. Bioinformatics\u00a022, 1668\u20131669 (2006)","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"44_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-5581-3-2","volume":"3","author":"T. Bekhuis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bekhuis, T.: Conceptual biology, hypothesis discovery, and text mining: Swanson\u2019s legacy. Biomed. Digit. Libr.\u00a03, 2 (2006)","journal-title":"Biomed. Digit. Libr."}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Human Language Technology. Challenges for Computer Science and Linguistics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-642-20095-3_44","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]],"date-time":"2019-05-22T02:14:19Z","timestamp":1558491259000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-642-20095-3_44"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"ISBN":["9783642200946","9783642200953"],"references-count":25,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-20095-3_44","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011]]}}}