{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T05:28:33Z","timestamp":1780550913965,"version":"3.54.1"},"publisher-location":"Berlin, Heidelberg","reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783642252709","type":"print"},{"value":"9783642252716","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-25271-6_19","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,14]],"date-time":"2011-12-14T20:56:11Z","timestamp":1323896171000},"page":"352-371","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Testing Real-Time Systems under Uncertainty"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Alexandre","family":"David","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim Guldstrand","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius","family":"Mikucionis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"19_CR1","first-page":"363","volume-title":"Proc. STOC 1995","author":"R. Alur","year":"1995","unstructured":"Alur, R., Courcoubetis, C., Yannakakis, M.: Distinguishing tests for nondeterministic and probabilistic machines. In: Proc. STOC 1995, pp. 363\u2013372. ACM Press, New York (1995)"},{"issue":"2","key":"19_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3975(94)90010-8","volume":"126","author":"R. Alur","year":"1994","unstructured":"Alur, R., Dill, D.L.: A theory of timed automata. Theoretical Computer Science\u00a0126(2), 183\u2013235 (1994)","journal-title":"Theoretical Computer Science"},{"key":"19_CR3","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-19835-9_10","volume-title":"Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems","author":"N. Bertrand","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bertrand, N., J\u00e9ron, T., Stainer, A., Krichen, M.: Off-line test selection with test purposes for non-deterministic timed automata. In: Abdulla, P.A., Leino, K.R.M. (eds.) TACAS 2011. LNCS, vol.\u00a06605, pp. 96\u2013111. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)"},{"key":"19_CR4","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/11759744_3","volume-title":"Formal Approaches to Software Testing","author":"A. Blass","year":"2006","unstructured":"Blass, A., Gurevich, Y., Nachmanson, L., Veanes, M.: Play to test. In: Grieskamp, W., Weise, C. (eds.) FATES 2005. LNCS, vol.\u00a03997, pp. 32\u201346. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)"},{"key":"19_CR5","volume-title":"Proc. EMSOFT 2008","author":"H. Bohnenkamp","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bohnenkamp, H., Stoelinga, M.: Quantitative testing. In: Proc. EMSOFT 2008. ACM, New York (2008)"},{"key":"19_CR6","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-45069-6_18","volume-title":"Computer Aided Verification","author":"P. Bouyer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bouyer, P., D\u2019Souza, D., Madhusudan, P., Petit, A.: Timed control with partial observability. In: Hunt Jr., W.A., Somenzi, F. (eds.) CAV 2003. LNCS, vol.\u00a02725, pp. 180\u2013192. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)"},{"key":"19_CR7","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-31848-4_5","volume-title":"Formal Approaches to Software Testing","author":"L.B. Briones","year":"2005","unstructured":"Briones, L.B., Brinksma, E.: A test generation framework for quiescent real-time systems. In: Grabowski, J., Nielsen, B. (eds.) FATES 2004. LNCS, vol.\u00a03395, pp. 64\u201378. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)"},{"key":"19_CR8","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/11539452_9","volume-title":"CONCUR 2005 \u2013 Concurrency Theory","author":"F. Cassez","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cassez, F., David, A., Fleury, E., Larsen, K.G., Lime, D.: Efficient on-the-fly algorithms for the analysis of timed games. In: Abadi, M., de Alfaro, L. (eds.) CONCUR 2005. LNCS, vol.\u00a03653, pp. 66\u201380. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)"},{"key":"19_CR9","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-75596-8_15","volume-title":"Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis","author":"F. Cassez","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cassez, F., David, A., Larsen, K.G., Lime, D., Raskin, J.-F.: Timed control with observation based and stuttering invariant strategies. In: Namjoshi, K.S., Yoneda, T., Higashino, T., Okamura, Y. (eds.) ATVA 2007. LNCS, vol.\u00a04762, pp. 192\u2013206. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)"},{"key":"19_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"David, A., Larsen, K.G., Li, S., Nielsen, B.: Cooperative testing of timed systems. In: Proc. MBT 2008 (2008)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.entcs.2008.11.007"},{"key":"19_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"David, A., Larsen, K.G., Li, S., Nielsen, B.: A game-theoretic approach to real-time system testing. In: Proc. DATE 2008 (2008)","DOI":"10.1109\/DATE.2008.4484728"},{"key":"19_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1109\/ICST.2009.38","volume-title":"Proc. 2nd International Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation (ICST 2009)","author":"A. David","year":"2009","unstructured":"David, A., Larsen, K.G., Li, S., Nielsen, B.: Timed testing under partial observability. In: Proc. 2nd International Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation (ICST 2009), Denver, Colorado, USA, pp. 61\u201370. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos (2009)"},{"key":"19_CR13","volume-title":"Proc. of 7th Int. Conf. on Formal Description Techniques","author":"C. Daws","year":"1994","unstructured":"Daws, C., Olivero, A., Yovine, S.: Verifying ET-LOTOS programs with Kronos. In: Hogrefe, D., Leue, S. (eds.) Proc. of 7th Int. Conf. on Formal Description Techniques. North-Holland, Amsterdam (1994)"},{"key":"19_CR14","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-52148-8_17","volume-title":"Automatic Verification Methods for Finite State Systems","author":"D. Dill","year":"1990","unstructured":"Dill, D.: Timing Assumptions and Verification of Finite-State Concurrent Systems. In: Sifakis, J. (ed.) CAV 1989. LNCS, vol.\u00a0407, pp. 197\u2013212. Springer, Heidelberg (1990)"},{"key":"19_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"En-Nouaary, A., Dssouli, R., Khendek, F., Elqortobi, A.: Timed test cases generation based on state characterization technique. In: Proc. RTSS 1998, pp. 220\u2013229 (1998)","DOI":"10.1109\/REAL.1998.739748"},{"key":"19_CR16","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-78917-8_3","volume-title":"Formal Methods and Testing","author":"A. Hessel","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hessel, A., Mikucionis, M., Nielsen, B., Pettersson, P., Skou, A., Larsen, K.G.: Testing real-time systems using UPPAAL. In: Hierons, R.M., Bowen, J.P., Harman, M. (eds.) FORTEST. LNCS, vol.\u00a04949, pp. 77\u2013117. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)"},{"key":"19_CR17","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-24617-6_10","volume-title":"Formal Approaches to Software Testing","author":"A. Khoumsi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Khoumsi, A., J\u00e9ron, T., Marchand, H.: Test cases generation for nondeterministic real-time systems. In: Petrenko, A., Ulrich, A. (eds.) FATES 2003. LNCS, vol.\u00a02931, pp. 131\u2013146. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)"},{"key":"19_CR18","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-24732-6_8","volume-title":"Model Checking Software","author":"M. Krichen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Krichen, M., Tripakis, S.: Black-box conformance testing for real-time systems. In: Graf, S., Mounier, L. (eds.) SPIN 2004. LNCS, vol.\u00a02989, pp. 109\u2013126. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)"},{"issue":"3","key":"19_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1007\/s10703-009-0065-1","volume":"34","author":"M. Krichen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Krichen, M., Tripakis, S.: Conformance testing for real-time systems. Formal Methods in System Design\u00a034(3), 238\u2013304 (2009)","journal-title":"Formal Methods in System Design"},{"key":"19_CR20","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-31848-4_6","volume-title":"Formal Approaches to Software Testing","author":"K.G. Larsen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Larsen, K.G., Mikucionis, M., Nielsen, B.: Online testing of real-time systems using uppaal. In: Grabowski, J., Nielsen, B. (eds.) FATES 2004. LNCS, vol.\u00a03395, pp. 79\u201394. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)"},{"key":"19_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1145\/1086228.1086283","volume-title":"EMSOFT","author":"K.G. Larsen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Larsen, K.G., Mikucionis, M., Nielsen, B., Skou, A.: Testing real-time embedded software using uppaal-tron: an industrial case study. In: Wolf, W. (ed.) EMSOFT, pp. 299\u2013306. ACM, New York (2005)"},{"key":"19_CR22","unstructured":"Li, S.: Games and Scenarios for Real-Time System Validation. PhD thesis, Dept. of Computer Science, Aalborg University (2010)"},{"key":"19_CR23","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-59042-0_76","volume-title":"STACS 95","author":"O. Maler","year":"1995","unstructured":"Maler, O., Pnueli, A., Sifakis, J.: On the synthesis of discrete controllers for timed systems. In: Mayr, E.W., Puech, C. (eds.) STACS 1995. LNCS, vol.\u00a0900, pp. 229\u2013242. Springer, Heidelberg (1995)"},{"issue":"1","key":"19_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s10009-002-0094-1","volume":"5","author":"B. Nielsen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nielsen, B., Skou, A.: Automated test generation from timed automata. STTT\u00a05(1), 59\u201377 (2003)","journal-title":"STTT"},{"key":"19_CR25","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-58179-0_76","volume-title":"Computer Aided Verification","author":"T.G. Rokicki","year":"1994","unstructured":"Rokicki, T.G., Myers, C.J.: Automatic verification of timed circuits. In: Dill, D.L. (ed.) CAV 1994. LNCS, vol.\u00a0818, pp. 468\u2013480. Springer, Heidelberg (1994)"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"19_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3975(99)00134-6","volume":"254","author":"J. Springintveld","year":"2001","unstructured":"Springintveld, J., Vaandrager, F., D\u2019Argenio, P.R.: Testing timed automata. TCS\u00a0254(1-2), 225\u2013257 (2001)","journal-title":"TCS"},{"key":"19_CR27","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-48320-9_6","volume-title":"CONCUR\u201999. Concurrency Theory","author":"J. Tretmans","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tretmans, J.: Testing concurrent systems: A formal approach. In: Baeten, J.C.M., Mauw, S. (eds.) CONCUR 1999. LNCS, vol.\u00a01664, pp. 46\u201365. Springer, Heidelberg (1999)"},{"key":"19_CR28","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-85778-5_18","volume-title":"Formal Modeling and Analysis of Timed Systems","author":"J. Tretmans","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tretmans, J., Schmaltz, J.: On conformance testing for timed systems. In: Cassez, F., Jard, C. (eds.) FORMATS 2008. LNCS, vol.\u00a05215, pp. 250\u2013264. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)"},{"key":"19_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1145\/1321631.1321685","volume-title":"ASE","author":"J. Vain","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vain, J., Raiend, K., Kull, A., Ernits, J.P.: Synthesis of test purpose directed reactive planning tester for nondeterministic systems. In: Kurt Stirewalt, R.E., Egyed, A., Fischer, B. (eds.) ASE, pp. 363\u2013372. ACM, New York (2007)"},{"issue":"4","key":"19_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1007\/s100090050044","volume":"2","author":"R.G. Vries de","year":"2000","unstructured":"de Vries, R.G., Tretmans, J.: On-the-fly conformance testing using Spin. Software Tools for Technology Transfer\u00a02(4), 382\u2013393 (2000)","journal-title":"Software Tools for Technology Transfer"},{"key":"19_CR31","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-27836-8_6","volume-title":"Automata, Languages and Programming","author":"M. Yannakakis","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yannakakis, M.: Testing, optimizaton, and games. In: D\u00edaz, J., Karhum\u00e4ki, J., Lepist\u00f6, A., Sannella, D. (eds.) ICALP 2004. LNCS, vol.\u00a03142, pp. 28\u201345. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Formal Methods for Components and Objects"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-642-25271-6_19","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,20]],"date-time":"2019-06-20T19:28:46Z","timestamp":1561058926000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-642-25271-6_19"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"ISBN":["9783642252709","9783642252716"],"references-count":31,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-25271-6_19","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011]]}}}