{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T11:39:48Z","timestamp":1742989188508,"version":"3.40.3"},"publisher-location":"Berlin, Heidelberg","reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783642257742"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783642257759"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-25775-9_19","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,24]],"date-time":"2011-11-24T09:27:35Z","timestamp":1322126855000},"page":"185-198","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Towards ECA\u2019s Animation of Expressive Complex Behaviour"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Izidor","family":"Mlakar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Matej","family":"Rojc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"19_CR1","volume-title":"Ambient Intelligence, Wireless Networking, and Ubiquitous Computing","author":"G. Georgantas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Georgantas, G., Issarny, V., Cerisara, C.: Dynamic Synthesis of Natural Human-Machine Interfaces in Ambient Intelligence Environments. In: Ambient Intelligence, Wireless Networking, and Ubiquitous Computing. Artech House, Boston (2006)"},{"issue":"2","key":"19_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2007.892728","volume":"54","author":"E. Sato","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sato, E., Yamaguchi, T., Harashima, F.: Natural Interface Using Pointing Behavior for Human\u2013Robot Gestural Interaction. Industrial Electronics\u00a054(2), 1105\u20131112 (2007)","journal-title":"Industrial Electronics"},{"issue":"1","key":"19_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1109\/79.911197","volume":"18","author":"R. Cowie","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cowie, R., Douglas-Cowie, E., Tsapatsoulis, N., Votsis, G., Kollia, S., Fellenz, W., Taylor, J.G.: Emotion recognition in human-computer interaction. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine\u00a018(1), 32\u201380 (2001)","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine"},{"key":"19_CR4","volume-title":"The Semantic Web: A Guide to the Future of XML, Web Services, and Knowledge Management","author":"M.C. Daconta","year":"2003","unstructured":"Daconta, M.C., Obrst, L.J., Smith, K.T.: The Semantic Web: A Guide to the Future of XML, Web Services, and Knowledge Management. Wiley, Chichester (2003)"},{"issue":"5","key":"19_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1145\/1125944.1125979","volume":"49","author":"M. Schoop","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schoop, M., de Moor, A., Dietz, J.L.G.: The pragmatic web: a manifesto. Commun. ACM\u00a049(5), 75\u201376 (2006)","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"key":"19_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cosatto, E., Graf, H.: Sample-Based Synthesis of Photo-Realistic Talking Heads. In: Proceedings of the Computer Animation, p. 103 (1998)","DOI":"10.1109\/CA.1998.681914"},{"key":"19_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Poggi, I., Pelachaud, C., De Rosis, F., Carofiglio, V., De Carolis, B.: Greta, a believable embodied conversational agent. In: Multimodal Intelligent Information Presentation Text, Speech and Language Technology, vol.\u00a027 (2005)","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3051-7_1"},{"issue":"4","key":"19_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cag.2008.04.006","volume":"32","author":"S. Baldassarri","year":"2008","unstructured":"Baldassarri, S., Cerezo, E., Seron, F.J.: Chaos and Graphics: Maxine: A platform for embodied animated agents. Computers and Graphics\u00a032(4), 430\u2013437 (2008)","journal-title":"Computers and Graphics"},{"issue":"2","key":"19_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1145\/1061347.1061355","volume":"24","author":"E. Chuang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chuang, E., Bregler, C.: Mood swings: expressive speech animation. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)\u00a024(2), 331\u2013347 (2005)","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)"},{"key":"19_CR10","unstructured":"Abrilian, S., Devillers, L., Buisine, S., Martin, J.C.: EmoTV1: Annotation of Real-life Emotions for the Specification of Multimodal Affective Interfaces. HCI International (2005)"},{"issue":"1","key":"19_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-007-0076-9","volume":"30","author":"L. Malatesta","year":"2009","unstructured":"Malatesta, L., Raouzaiou, A., Karpouzis, K., Kollias, S.: Towards modeling embodied conversational agent character profiles using appraisal theory predictions in expression synthesis. Applied Intelligence\u00a030(1), 58\u201364 (2009)","journal-title":"Applied Intelligence"},{"key":"19_CR12","unstructured":"Zoric, G., Pandzic, I.S.: Towards Real-time Speech-based Facial Animation Applications built on HUGE architecture. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Auditory-Visual Speech Processing AVSP (2008)"},{"key":"19_CR13","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1007\/11821830_21","volume-title":"Intelligent Virtual Agents","author":"K. Smid","year":"2006","unstructured":"Smid, K., Zoric, G., Pandzic, I.S.: HUGE: Universal Architecture for Statistically Based HUman Gesturing. In: Gratch, J., Young, M., Aylett, R.S., Ballin, D., Olivier, P. (eds.) IVA 2006. LNCS (LNAI), vol.\u00a04133, pp. 256\u2013269. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)"},{"key":"19_CR14","unstructured":"Bevacqua, E., Mancini, M., Niewiadomski, R., Pelachaud, C.: An expressive ECA showing complex emotions. In: Proceedings of the AISB Annual Convention (2007)"},{"key":"19_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-08373-4_4","volume-title":"Life-like Characters. Tools, Affective Functions and Applications","author":"B. DeCarolis","year":"2004","unstructured":"DeCarolis, B., Pelachaud, C., Poggi, I., Steedman, M.: APML, a mark-up language for believable behavior generation. In: Prendinger, H., Ishizuka, M. (eds.) Life-like Characters. Tools, Affective Functions and Applications, pp. 65\u201385. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)"},{"key":"19_CR16","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVA 2010)","author":"M. Kipp","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kipp, M., Heloir, A., Gebhard, P., Schroeder, M.: Realizing Multimodal Behavior: Closing the gap between behavior planning and embodied agent presentation. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVA 2010). Springer, Heidelberg (2010)"},{"key":"19_CR17","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-02710-9_60","volume-title":"Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Intelligent and Ubiquitous Interaction Environments","author":"K. Jokinen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jokinen, K.: Gaze and Gesture Activity in Communication. In: Stephanidis, C. (ed.) UAHCI 2009. LNCS, vol.\u00a05615, pp. 537\u2013546. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)"},{"key":"19_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Masuko, T., Kobayashi, T., Tamura, M., Masubuchi, J., Tokuda, K.: Text-to-visual speech synthesis based on parameter generation from HMM. In: Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol.\u00a06, pp. 3745\u20133748 (1998)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.1998.679698"},{"key":"19_CR19","unstructured":"Eliens, A., Huang, Z., Hoorn, J.F., Visser, C.T.: ECA Perspectives - Requirements, Applications, Technology. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings 04121, Evaluating Embodied Conversational Agents (2006)"},{"issue":"1","key":"19_CR20","first-page":"36","volume":"5","author":"I. Mlakar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mlakar, I., Rojc, M.: EVA: expressive multipart virtual agent performing gestures and emotions. International Journal of Mathematics and Computers in Simulation\u00a05(1), 36\u201344 (2011)","journal-title":"International Journal of Mathematics and Computers in Simulation"},{"key":"19_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1145\/1082473.1082478","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems","author":"P. Gebhard","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gebhard, P.: Alma: a layered model of affect. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, pp. 29\u201336. ACM Press, New York (2005)"},{"key":"19_CR22","unstructured":"Kranstedt, A., Kopp, S., Wachsmuth, I.: MURML: A Multimodal Utterance Representation Markup Language for Conversational Agents. In: AAMAS 2002 Workshop Embodied Conversational Agents (2002)"},{"key":"19_CR23","unstructured":"Bevacqua, E., Mancini, M., Niewiadomski, R., Pelachaud, C.: An expressive ECA showing complex emotions. In: Proceedings of the AISB Annual Convention, Newcastle, UK, pp. 208\u2013216 (2007)"},{"key":"19_CR24","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/11550617_34","volume-title":"Intelligent Virtual Agents","author":"J. Martin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Martin, J., Abrilian, C., Devillers, S., Lamolle, L., Mancini, M., Pelachaud, C.: Levels of Representation in the Annotation of Emotion for the Specification of Expressivity in ECAs. In: Panayiotopoulos, T., Gratch, J., Aylett, R.S., Ballin, D., Olivier, P., Rist, T. (eds.) IVA 2005. LNCS (LNAI), vol.\u00a03661, pp. 405\u2013417. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)"},{"issue":"3","key":"19_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.specom.2007.01.007","volume":"49","author":"M. Rojc","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rojc, M., Ka\u010di\u010d, Z.: Time and space-efficient architecture for a corpus-based text-to-speech synthesis system. Speech Communication\u00a049(3), 230\u2013249 (2007)","journal-title":"Speech Communication"},{"key":"19_CR26","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/11821830_17","volume-title":"Intelligent Virtual Agents","author":"S. Kopp","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kopp, S., Krenn, B., Marsella, S., Marshall, A., Pelachaud, C., Pirker, H., Th\u00f3risson, K., Vilhjalmsson, H.: Towards a Common Framework for Multimodal Generation in ECAs: The Behavior Markup Language. In: Gratch, J., Young, M., Aylett, R.S., Ballin, D., Olivier, P. (eds.) IVA 2006. LNCS (LNAI), vol.\u00a04133, pp. 205\u2013217. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)"},{"issue":"3","key":"19_CR27","first-page":"269","volume":"3","author":"J. Martin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Martin, J., Niewiadomski, R., Devillers, L., Buisine, S., Pelachaud, C.: Multimodal complex emotions: gesture expressivity and blended facial expressions. International Journal of Humanoid Robotics (IJHR), Special Issue Achieving Human-Like Qualities in Interactive Virtual and Physical Humanoids\u00a03(3), 269\u2013291 (2006)","journal-title":"International Journal of Humanoid Robotics (IJHR), Special Issue Achieving Human-Like Qualities in Interactive Virtual and Physical Humanoids"},{"key":"19_CR28","unstructured":"Poggi, I.: Mind markers. In: Trigo, N., Rector, M., Poggi, I. (eds.) Gestures. Meaning and Use, University Fernando Pessoa Press (2002)"},{"key":"19_CR29","volume-title":"Language Resources and Evaluation","author":"M. Kipp","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kipp, M., Neff, M., Albrecht, I.: An annotation scheme for conversational gestures: how to economically capture timing and form. In: Language Resources and Evaluation. Springer, Netherlands (2007)"},{"issue":"10","key":"19_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2004.180","volume":"37","author":"M. Goslin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Goslin, M., Mine, M.R.: The Panda3D Graphics Engine. Computer\u00a037(10), 112\u2013114 (2004)","journal-title":"Computer"},{"issue":"2","key":"19_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1177\/001872089403600209","volume":"36","author":"J.. Stern","year":"1994","unstructured":"Stern, J., Boyer, D., Schroeder, D.: Blink rate: a possible measure of fatigue. Hum. Factors\u00a036(2), 285\u2013297 (1994)","journal-title":"Hum. Factors"},{"issue":"1","key":"19_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog2001_1","volume":"20","author":"C. Pelachaud","year":"1996","unstructured":"Pelachaud, C., Badler, N., Steedman, M.: Generating Facial Expressions for Speech. Cognitive Science\u00a020(1), 1\u201346 (1996)","journal-title":"Cognitive Science"},{"key":"19_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Albrecht, I., Haber, J., Seidel, H.P.: Automatic generation of non-verbal facial expressions from speech. In: Proceedings of the Computer Graphics International, pp. 283\u2013293 (2002)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-0103-1_18"},{"issue":"2","key":"19_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1972.sp009797","volume":"222","author":"F.J. Clark","year":"1972","unstructured":"Clark, F.J., von Euler, C.: On the regulation of depth and rate of breathing. Journal of Physiol.\u00a0222(2), 267\u2013295 (1972)","journal-title":"Journal of Physiol."},{"key":"19_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ostermann, J.: Animation of synthetic faces in MPEG-4. In: Proceedings of Computer Animation 1998, pp. 49\u201355 (1998)","DOI":"10.1109\/CA.1998.681907"},{"key":"19_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0470854626","volume-title":"MPEG-4 facial animation: the standard, implementation and applications","author":"I.S. Pandzic","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pandzic, I.S., Forchheimer, R.: MPEG-4 facial animation: the standard, implementation and applications. Wiley, Chichester (2002)"},{"key":"19_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870120629","volume":"12","author":"A.R. Bentivoglio","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bentivoglio, A.R., Bressman, S.B., Cassetta, E., Carretta, D., Tonali, P., Albanese, A.: Analysis of blink rate patterns in normal subjects. Movement Disorders\u00a012, 1028\u20131034 (1997)","journal-title":"Movement Disorders"},{"key":"19_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.1982.tb03034.x","volume":"60","author":"L.G. Carney","year":"1982","unstructured":"Carney, L.G., Hill, R.M.: The nature of normal blinking patterns. Acta Ophthalmologica\u00a060, 427\u2013433 (1982)","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"19_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/2697.003.0016","volume-title":"Embodied Conversational Agents","author":"C. Nass","year":"2000","unstructured":"Nass, C., Isbister, K., Lee, E.J.: Truth is beauty: Researching embodied conversational agents. In: Cassell, J., Sullivan, J., Prevost, S., Churchill, E. (eds.) Embodied Conversational Agents, pp. 374\u2013402. MIT Press, Cambridge (2000)"},{"key":"19_CR40","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-79037-2_2","volume-title":"Modeling Communication with Robots and Virtual Humans","author":"S. Kopp","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kopp, S., Allwood, J., Grammer, K., Ahlsen, E., Stocksmeier, T.: Modeling Embodied Feedback with Virtual Humans. In: Wachsmuth, I., Knoblich, G. (eds.) ZiF Research Group International Workshop. LNCS (LNAI), vol.\u00a04930, pp. 18\u201337. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Analysis of Verbal and Nonverbal Communication and Enactment. The Processing Issues"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-642-25775-9_19","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]],"date-time":"2024-04-15T00:21:52Z","timestamp":1713140512000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-642-25775-9_19"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"ISBN":["9783642257742","9783642257759"],"references-count":40,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-25775-9_19","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0302-9743"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1611-3349"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011]]}}}