{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:09:09Z","timestamp":1791266949319,"version":"4.1.0"},"publisher-location":"Berlin, Heidelberg","reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783642335693","type":"print"},{"value":"9783642335709","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-33570-9_1","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,13]],"date-time":"2012-12-13T12:31:22Z","timestamp":1355401882000},"page":"1-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Genetic Diversity Within Clostridium botulinum Serotypes, Botulinum Neurotoxin Gene Clusters and Toxin Subtypes"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Karen K.","family":"Hill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresa J.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"1_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2006.07.040","volume":"362","author":"JW Arndt","year":"2006","unstructured":"Arndt JW, Jacobson MJ, Abola EE, Forsyth CM, Tepp WH, Marks JD, Johnson EA, Stevens RC (2006) A structural perspective of the sequence variability within botulinum neurotoxin subtypes A1\u2013A4. J Mol Biol 362(4):733\u2013742","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/154.2.207","volume":"154","author":"P Aureli","year":"1986","unstructured":"Aureli P, Fenicia L, Pasolini B, Gianfranceschi M, McCroskey LM, Hatheway CL (1986) Two cases of type E infant botulism caused by neurotoxigenic Clostridium butyricum in Italy. J Infect Dis 154(2):207\u2013211","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"1_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2252","DOI":"10.2307\/4576508","volume":"37","author":"IA Bengtson","year":"1922","unstructured":"Bengtson IA (1922) Preliminary note on a toxin-producing anaerobe isolated from larvae of the green fly. Pub Health Rpts (US) 37:2252\u20132256","journal-title":"Pub Health Rpts (US)"},{"key":"1_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.4.5.555-570.1.1919","volume":"4","author":"GS Burke","year":"1919","unstructured":"Burke GS (1919) Notes on Bacillus botulinus. J Bacteriol 4:555\u2013565","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"1_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-10-115","volume":"10","author":"AT Carter","year":"2009","unstructured":"Carter AT, Paul CJ, Mason DR, Twine SM, Alston MJ, Logan SM, Austin JW, Peck MW (2009) Independent evolution of neurotoxin and flagellar genetic loci in proteolytic Clostridium botulinum. BMC Genomics 10:115","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"issue":"3","key":"1_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01774-09","volume":"48","author":"AT Carter","year":"2010","unstructured":"Carter AT, Mason DR, Grant KA, Franciosa G, Aureli P, Peck MW (2010) Further characterization of proteolytic Clostridium botulinum type A5 reveals that neurotoxin formation is unaffected by loss of the cntR (botR) promoter sigma factor binding site. J Clin Microbiol 48 (3):1012\u20131013. doi:JCM.01774-09 [pii]","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2351","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00072-11","volume":"139","author":"AT Carter","year":"2011","unstructured":"Carter AT, Pearson BM, Crossman LC, Drou N, Heavens D, Baker D, Febrer M, Caccamo M, Grant KA, Peck MW (2011) Complete genome sequence of proteolytic Clostridium botulinum type A5 (B3\u2019) strain H04402 065. J Bacteriol 139(9):2351\u20132352","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"23","key":"1_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8643","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00784-07","volume":"189","author":"Y Chen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chen Y, Korkeala H, Aarnikunnas J, Lindstrom M (2007) Sequencing the botulinum neurotoxin gene and related genes in Clostridium botulinum type E strains reveals orfx3 and a novel type E neurotoxin subtype. J Bacteriol 189(23):8643\u20138650","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00799-09","volume":"47","author":"N Dover","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dover N, Barash JR, Arnon SS (2009) Novel Clostridium botulinum toxin gene arrangement with subtype A5 and partial subtype B3 botulinum neurotoxin genes. J Clin Microbiol 47(7):2349\u20132350","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02422-10","volume":"77","author":"N Dover","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dover N, Barash JR, Hill KK, Detter JC, Arnon SS (2011) Novel structural elements within the non-proteolytic Clostridium botulinum type F toxin gene cluster. Appl Environ Microbiol 77(5):1904\u20131906","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-46-4-1105","volume":"46","author":"AK East","year":"1996","unstructured":"East AK, Bhandari M, Stacey JM, Campbell KD, Collins MD (1996) Organization and phylogenetic interrelationships of genes encoding components of the botulinum toxin complex in proteolytic Clostridium botulinum types A, B, and F: evidence of chimeric sequences in the gene encoding the non-toxic nonhemagglutinin component. Int J Syst Bacteriol 46(4):1105\u20131112","journal-title":"Int J Syst Bacteriol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.54.6.1405-1408.1988","volume":"54","author":"MW Eklund","year":"1988","unstructured":"Eklund MW, Poysky FT, Mseitif LM, Strom MS (1988) Evidence for plasmid-mediated toxin and bacteriocin production in Clostridium botulinum type G. Appl Environ Microbiol 54(6):1405\u20131408","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.32.8.1911-1917.1994","volume":"32","author":"G Franciosa","year":"1994","unstructured":"Franciosa G, Ferreira JL, Hatheway CL (1994) Detection of type A, B, and E botulism neurotoxin genes in Clostridium botulinum and other Clostridium species by PCR: evidence of unexpressed type B toxin genes in type A toxigenic organisms. J Clin Microbiol 32(8):1911\u20131917","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4829","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004829","volume":"4","author":"G Franciosa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Franciosa G, Maugliani A, Scalfaro C, Aureli P (2009) Evidence that plasmid-borne botulinum neurotoxin type B genes are widespread among Clostridium botulinum serotype B strains. PLoS ONE 4(3):e4829","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"1_CR15","first-page":"221","volume":"215","author":"DF Gimenez","year":"1970","unstructured":"Gimenez DF, Ciccarelli AS (1970a) Another type of Clostridium botulinum. Zentralbl Bakteriol Orig 215(2):221\u2013224","journal-title":"Zentralbl Bakteriol Orig"},{"issue":"2","key":"1_CR16","first-page":"212","volume":"215","author":"DF Gimenez","year":"1970","unstructured":"Gimenez DF, Ciccarelli AS (1970b) Studies on strain 84 of Clostridium botulinum. Zentralbl Bakteriol Orig 215(2):212\u2013220","journal-title":"Zentralbl Bakteriol Orig"},{"issue":"11","key":"1_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000187127.92446.4c","volume":"65","author":"A Gupta","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gupta A, Sumner CJ, Castor M, Maslanka S, Sobel J (2005) Adult botulism type F in the United States, 1981\u20132002. Neurology 65(11):1694\u20131700","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"1_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.21.4.654-655.1985","volume":"21","author":"JD Hall","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hall JD, McCroskey LM, Pincomb BJ, Hatheway CL (1985) Isolation of an organism resembling Clostridium baratii which produces type F botulinal toxin from an infant with botulism. J Clin Microbiol 21(4):654\u2013655","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"1_CR19","volume-title":"Laboratory diagnosis of infectious diseases: principles and practice","author":"CL Hatheway","year":"1988","unstructured":"Hatheway CL (1988) Botulism. In: Balows A, Hausler WHJ, Ohashi M, Turano A (eds) Laboratory diagnosis of infectious diseases: principles and practice, vol 1. Springer, New York"},{"issue":"3","key":"1_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/60.3.260","volume":"60","author":"EL Hazen","year":"1937","unstructured":"Hazen EL (1937) A strain of B. botulinus not classified as type A, B, or C. J Infect Dis 60(3):260\u2013264","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"1_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.64.2.703-708.1998","volume":"64","author":"S Hielm","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hielm S, Bjorkroth J, Hyytia E, Korkeala H (1998) Genomic analysis of Clostridium botulinum group II by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Appl Environ Microbiol 64(2):703\u2013708","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01180-06","volume":"189","author":"KK Hill","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hill KK, Smith TJ, Helma CH, Ticknor LO, Foley BT, Svensson RT, Brown JL, Johnson EA, Smith LA, Okinaka RT, Jackson PJ, Marks JD (2007) Genetic diversity among botulinum neurotoxin-producing clostridial strains. J Bacteriol 189(3):818\u2013832","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"1_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7007-7-66","volume":"7","author":"KK Hill","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hill KK, Xie G, Foley BT, Smith TJ, Munk AC, Bruce D, Smith LA, Brettin TS, Detter JC (2009) Recombination and insertion events involving the botulinum neurotoxin complex genes in Clostridium botulinum types A, B, E and F and Clostridium butyricum type E strains. BMC Biol 7:66","journal-title":"BMC Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1993.tb06081.x","volume":"108","author":"RA Hutson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hutson RA, Thompson DE, Collins MD (1993a) Genetic interrelationships of saccharolytic Clostridium botulinum types B, E and F and related clostridia as revealed by small-subunit rRNA gene sequences. FEMS Microbiol Lett 108(1):103\u2013110","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"1_CR25","first-page":"273","volume":"64","author":"RA Hutson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hutson RA, Thompson DE, Lawson PA, Schocken-Itturino RP, Bottger EC, Collins MD (1993b) Genetic interrelationships of proteolytic Clostridium botulinum types A, B, and F and other members of the Clostridium botulinum complex as revealed by small-subunit rRNA gene sequences. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 64(3\u20134):273\u2013283","journal-title":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek"},{"issue":"18","key":"1_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10786","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.18.10786","volume":"271","author":"RA Hutson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hutson RA, Zhou Y, Collins MD, Johnson EA, Hatheway CL, Sugiyama H (1996) Genetic characterization of Clostridium botulinum type A containing silent type B neurotoxin gene sequences. J Biol Chem 271(18):10786\u201310792","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"1_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.65.5.2057-2064.1999","volume":"65","author":"E Hyytia","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hyytia E, Hielm S, Bjorkroth J, Korkeala H (1999) Biodiversity of Clostridium botulinum type E strains isolated from fish and fishery products. Appl Environ Microbiol 65(5):2057\u20132064","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"Pt 8","key":"1_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2408","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2008\/016915-0","volume":"154","author":"MJ Jacobson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jacobson MJ, Lin G, Whittam TS, Johnson EA (2008) Phylogenetic analysis of Clostridium botulinum type A by multi-locus sequence typing. Microbiology 154(Pt 8):2408\u20132415","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"1_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.3.1148-1154.2005","volume":"71","author":"R Keto-Timonen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Keto-Timonen R, Nevas M, Korkeala H (2005) Efficient DNA fingerprinting of Clostridium botulinum types A, B, E, and F by amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis. Appl Environ Microbiol 71(3):1148\u20131154","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"1_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02284114","volume":"76","author":"J Leuchs","year":"1910","unstructured":"Leuchs J (1910) Beitraege zur kenntnis des toxins und antitoxins des Bacillus botulinus. Z Hyg Infectionskr 76:55\u201384","journal-title":"Z Hyg Infectionskr"},{"issue":"24","key":"1_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8625","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.05155-11","volume":"77","author":"TE Macdonald","year":"2011","unstructured":"Macdonald TE, Helma CH, Shou Y, Valdez YE, Ticknor LO, Foley BT, Davis SW, Hannett GE, Kelly-Cirino CD, Barash JR, Arnon SS, Lindstrom M, Korkeala H, Smith LA, Smith TJ, Hill KK (2011) Analysis of Clostridium botulinum serotype E strains by using multilocus sequence typing, amplified fragment length polymorphism, variable-number tandem-repeat analysis, and botulinum neurotoxin gene sequencing. Appl Environ Microbiol 77(24):8625\u20138634","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.06.166","volume":"361","author":"KM Marshall","year":"2007","unstructured":"Marshall KM, Bradshaw M, Pellett S, Johnson EA (2007) Plasmid encoded neurotoxin genes in Clostridium botulinum serotype A subtypes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 361(1):49\u201354","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"1_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meyer KF, Gunnison JB (1929) South African cultures of Cl. botulinum and parabotulinum. XXXVII (with a description of Cl. botulinum type D, N. Sp.) J Inf Dis 45:106\u2013118","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/45.2.106"},{"key":"1_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1699-0463.1960.tb04741.x","volume":"48","author":"V Moller","year":"1960","unstructured":"Moller V, Scheibel I (1960) Preliminary report on the isolation of an apparently new type of Cl. botulinum. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 48:80","journal-title":"Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand"},{"issue":"2","key":"1_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-100-2-395","volume":"100","author":"S Nakamura","year":"1977","unstructured":"Nakamura S, Okado I, Nakashio S, Nishida S (1977) Clostridium sporogenes isolates and their relationship to C. botulinum based on deoxyribonucleic acid reassociation. J Gen Microbiol 100(2):395\u2013401","journal-title":"J Gen Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.3.1311-1317.2005","volume":"71","author":"M Nevas","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nevas M, Lindstrom M, Hielm S, Bjorkroth KJ, Peck MW, Korkeala H (2005) Diversity of proteolytic Clostridium botulinum strains, determined by a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis approach. Appl Environ Microbiol 71(3):1311\u20131317","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2006.001000.x","volume":"8","author":"M Nevas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nevas M, Lindstrom M, Horman A, Keto-Timonen R, Korkeala H (2006) Contamination routes of Clostridium botulinum in the honey production environment. Environ Microbiol 8(6):1085\u20131094","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2010.03.005","volume":"28","author":"MW Peck","year":"2011","unstructured":"Peck MW, Stringer SC, Carter AT (2011) Clostridium botulinum in the post-genomic era. Food Microbiol 28(2):183\u2013191","journal-title":"Food Microbiol"},{"key":"1_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Popoff M-R (1995) Ecology of neurotoxigenic strains of clostridia. In: Montecucco C (ed) Clostridial neurotoxins\u2014the molecular pathogenesis of tetanus and botulism. Current topics in microbiology and immunology, vol 195. Springer, Berlin, pp 1\u201329","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-85173-5_1"},{"issue":"14","key":"1_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4805","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.03109-09","volume":"76","author":"BH Raphael","year":"2010","unstructured":"Raphael BH, Choudoir MJ, Luquez C, Fernandez R, Maslanka SE (2010) Sequence diversity of genes encoding botulinum neurotoxin type F. Appl Environ Microbiol 76(14):4805\u20134812","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"48","key":"1_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17472","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0505503102","volume":"102","author":"Y Sakaguchi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sakaguchi Y, Hayashi T, Kurokawa K, Nakayama K, Oshima K, Fujinaga Y, Ohnishi M, Ohtsubo E, Hattori M, Oguma K (2005) The genome sequence of Clostridium botulinum type C neurotoxin-converting phage and the molecular mechanisms of unstable lysogeny. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102(48):17472\u201317477","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"10","key":"1_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3282","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01797-08","volume":"191","author":"Y Sakaguchi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sakaguchi Y, Hayashi T, Yamamoto Y, Nakayama K, Zhang K, Ma S, Arimitsu H, Oguma K (2009) Molecular analysis of an extrachromosomal element containing the C2 toxin gene discovered in Clostridium botulinum type C. J Bacteriol 191(10):3282\u20133291","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.6282807","volume":"17","author":"M Sebaihia","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sebaihia M, Peck MW, Minton NP, Thomson NR, Holden MT, Mitchell WJ, Carter AT, Bentley SD, Mason DR, Crossman L, Paul CJ, Ivens A, Wells-Bennik MH, Davis IJ, Cerdeno-Tarraga AM, Churcher C, Quail MA, Chillingworth T, Feltwell T, Fraser A, Goodhead I, Hance Z, Jagels K, Larke N, Maddison M, Moule S, Mungall K, Norbertczak H, Rabbinowitsch E, Sanders M, Simmonds M, White B, Whithead S, Parkhill J (2007) Genome sequence of a proteolytic (Group I) Clostridium botulinum strain Hall A and comparative analysis of the clostridial genomes. Genome Res 17(7):1082\u20131092","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"1_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0368-1742(22)80021-7","volume":"35","author":"HR Seddon","year":"1922","unstructured":"Seddon HR (1922) Bulbar paralysis in cattle due to the action of a toxicogenic bacillus, with a discussion on the relationship of the condition to the forage poisoning (botulism). Jour Compar Path Ther 35:147\u2013190","journal-title":"Jour Compar Path Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"1_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.4161\/mge.1.3.17617","volume":"1","author":"H Skarin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Skarin H, Segerman B (2011) Horizontal gene transfer of toxin genes in Clostridium botulinum: Involvement of mobile elements and plasmids. Mob Genet Elem 1(3):213\u2013215","journal-title":"Mob Genet Elem"},{"key":"1_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-12-185","volume":"12","author":"H Skarin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Skarin H, Hafstrom T, Westerberg J, Segerman B (2011) Clostridium botulinum group III: a group with dual identity shaped by plasmids, phages and mobile elements. BMC Genomics 12:185","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"1_CR47","unstructured":"Smith LD, Sugiyama H (1988) Botulinum: the organism, its toxins, the disease. In:Smith LD, Sugiyama H (eds) Charles Thomas, Springfield, IL"},{"issue":"9","key":"1_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5450","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.9.5450-5457.2005","volume":"73","author":"TJ Smith","year":"2005","unstructured":"Smith TJ, Lou J, Geren IN, Forsyth CM, Tsai R, Laporte SL, Tepp WH, Bradshaw M, Johnson EA, Smith LA, Marks JD (2005) Sequence variation within botulinum neurotoxin serotypes impacts antibody binding and neutralization. Infect Immun 73(9):5450\u20135457","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"12","key":"1_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1271","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001271","volume":"2","author":"TJ Smith","year":"2007","unstructured":"Smith TJ, Hill KK, Foley BT, Detter JC, Munk AC, Bruce DC, Doggett NA, Smith LA, Marks JD, Xie G, Brettin TS (2007) Analysis of the neurotoxin complex genes in Clostridium botulinum A1\u2013A4 and B1 strains: BoNT\/A3,\/Ba4 and\/B1 clusters are located within plasmids. PLoS One 2(12):e1271","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/143.1.22","volume":"143","author":"O Sonnabend","year":"1981","unstructured":"Sonnabend O, Sonnabend W, Heinzle R, Sigrist T, Dirnhofer R, Krech U (1981) Isolation of Clostridium botulinum type G and identification of type G botulinal toxin in humans: report of five sudden unexpected deaths. J Infect Dis 143(1):22\u201327","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"1_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1880","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.53.8.1880-1884.1987","volume":"53","author":"WF Sonnabend","year":"1987","unstructured":"Sonnabend WF, Sonnabend UP, Krech T (1987) Isolation of Clostridium botulinum type G from Swiss soil specimens by using sequential steps in an identification scheme. Appl Environ Microbiol 53(8):1880\u20131884","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/1.4.701","volume":"1","author":"E van Ermengem","year":"1897","unstructured":"van Ermengem E (1897) A new anaerobic bacillus and its relation to botulism. (Originally published as \u201cUeber einen neuen ana\u00ebroben Bacillus und seine Beziehungen zum Botulismus\u201d in Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Hygiene und Infektionskrankheiten 26:1\u201356, 1897.). Rev Infect Dis 1(4):701\u2013719","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"1_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.5.2087-2091.1995","volume":"63","author":"Y Zhou","year":"1995","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Sugiyama H, Nakano H, Johnson EA (1995) The genes for the Clostridium botulinum type G toxin complex are on a plasmid. Infect Immun 63(5):2087\u20132091","journal-title":"Infect Immun"}],"container-title":["Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology","Botulinum Neurotoxins"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-642-33570-9_1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]],"date-time":"2024-03-15T10:02:58Z","timestamp":1710496978000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-642-33570-9_1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"ISBN":["9783642335693","9783642335709"],"references-count":53,"aliases":["10.1007\/978-3-662-45790-0_1"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-33570-9_1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0070-217X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0070-217X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 December 2012","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}}]}}