{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T20:03:31Z","timestamp":1774037011889,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"Berlin, Heidelberg","reference-count":74,"publisher":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783642453571","type":"print"},{"value":"9783642453588","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-45358-8_7","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]],"date-time":"2014-04-22T10:16:03Z","timestamp":1398161763000},"page":"221-245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["Named Entity Recognition"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Behrang","family":"Mohit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"7_CR1","unstructured":"Abdul-Hamid A, Darwish K (2010) Simplified feature set for Arabic named entity recognition. In: Proceedings of the 2010 named entities workshop. Association for Computational Linguistics, Uppsala, pp 110\u2013115"},{"key":"7_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Onaizan Y, Knight K (2002a) Machine transliteration of names in Arabic texts. In: Proceedings of the ACL-02 workshop on computational approaches to Semitic languages, Philadelphia. Association for Computational Linguistics","DOI":"10.3115\/1118637.1118642"},{"key":"7_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Onaizan Y, Knight K (2002b) Translating named entities using monolingual and bilingual resources. In: Proceedings of 40th annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Philadelphia. Association for Computational Linguistics, pp 400\u2013408","DOI":"10.3115\/1073083.1073150"},{"key":"7_CR4","unstructured":"Alotaibi F, Lee M (2012) Mapping Arabic Wikipedia into the named entities taxonomy. In: Proceedings of COLING 2012: posters, Mumbai. The COLING 2012 Organizing Committee, pp 43\u201352"},{"key":"7_CR5","unstructured":"Attia M, Toral A, Tounsi L, Monachini M, van Genabith J (2010) An automatically built named entity lexicon for Arabic. In: Calzolari N, Choukri K, Maegaard B, Mariani J, Odijk J, Piperidis S, Rosner M, Tapias D (eds) Proceedings of the seventh conference on international language resources and evaluation (LREC\u201910), Valletta. European Language Resources Association (ELRA)"},{"key":"7_CR6","unstructured":"Azab M, Bouamor H, Mohit B, Oflazer K (2013) Dudley North visits North London: learning when to transliterate to arabic. In: Proceedings of the 2013 conference of the North American chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: human language technologies (NAACL-HLT 2013), Atlanta. Association for Computational Linguistics"},{"key":"7_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Babych B, Hartley A (2003) Improving machine translation quality with automatic named entity recognition. In: Proceedings of the 7th international EAMT workshop on MT and other language technology tools, EAMT \u201903, Dublin","DOI":"10.3115\/1609822.1609823"},{"key":"7_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balasuriya D, Ringland N, Nothman J, Murphy T, Curran JR (2009) Named entity recognition in Wikipedia. In: Proceedings of the 2009 workshop on the people\u2019s web meets NLP: collaboratively constructed Semantic resources. Association for Computational Linguistics, Suntec, pp 10\u201318","DOI":"10.3115\/1699765.1699767"},{"key":"7_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/1644879.1644883","volume":"8","author":"Y Benajiba","year":"2009","unstructured":"Benajiba Y, Zitouni I (2009) Morphology-based segmentation combination for Arabic mention detection. ACM Trans Asian Lang Inf Process (TALIP) 8:16:1\u201316:18","journal-title":"ACM Trans Asian Lang Inf Process (TALIP)"},{"key":"7_CR10","unstructured":"Benajiba Y, Zitouni I (2010) Enhancing mention detection using projection via aligned corpora. In: Proceedings of the 2010 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing, Cambridge. Association for Computational Linguistics, pp 993\u20131001"},{"key":"7_CR11","first-page":"143","volume-title":"Proceedings of CICLing","author":"Y Benajiba","year":"2007","unstructured":"Benajiba Y, Rosso P, Bened\u00edRuiz JM (2007) ANERsys: an Arabic named entity recognition system based on maximum entropy. In: Gelbukh A (ed) Proceedings of CICLing, Mexico City. Springer, pp 143\u2013153"},{"key":"7_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benajiba Y, Diab M, Rosso P (2008) Arabic named entity recognition using optimized feature sets. In: Proceedings of the 2008 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing, Honolulu. Association for Computational Linguistics, pp 284\u2013293","DOI":"10.3115\/1613715.1613755"},{"key":"7_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bender O, Och FJ, Ney H (2003) Maximum entropy models for named entity recognition. In: Proceedings of the seventh conference on natural language learning at HLT-NAACL 2003, Edmonton, pp 148\u2013151","DOI":"10.3115\/1119176.1119196"},{"key":"7_CR14","unstructured":"Ben\u00a0Mordecai N, Elhadad M (2005) Hebrew named entity recognition. Master\u2019s thesis, Department of Computer Science, Ben Gurion University of the Negev"},{"key":"7_CR15","first-page":"39","volume":"22","author":"AL Berger","year":"1996","unstructured":"Berger AL, Pietra VJD, Pietra SAD (1996) A maximum entropy approach to natural language processing. Comput Linguist 22:39\u201371","journal-title":"Comput Linguist"},{"key":"7_CR16","volume-title":"Nymble: a high-performance learning name-finder","author":"D Bikel","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bikel D, Miller S, Schwarz R, Weischedel R (1997) Nymble: a high-performance learning name-finder. In: Proceedings of the applied natural language processing, Tzigov Chark"},{"key":"7_CR17","unstructured":"Borthwick A (1999) A maximum entropy approach to named entity recognition. Phd thesis, Computer Science Department, New York University"},{"key":"7_CR18","unstructured":"Buckwalter T (2002) Buckwalter Arabic morphological analyzer version 1.0"},{"key":"7_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chieu HL, Ng HT (2002) Named entity recognition: a maximum entropy approach using global information. In: Proceedings of the 19th international conference on computational linguistics \u2013 vol 1, COLING \u201902. Taipei","DOI":"10.3115\/1072228.1072253"},{"key":"7_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Collins M (2002) Discriminative training methods for hidden Markov models: theory and experiments with Perceptron algorithms. In: Proceedings of the ACL-02 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing (EMNLP), Philadelphia, pp 1\u20138","DOI":"10.3115\/1118693.1118694"},{"key":"7_CR21","unstructured":"Daum\u00e9 III H (2007) Frustratingly easy domain adaptation. In: Proceedings of the 45th annual meeting of the Association of Computational Linguistics, Prague. Association for Computational Linguistics, pp 256\u2013263"},{"key":"7_CR22","unstructured":"Diab M (2009) Second generation tools (AMIRA 2.0): fast and robust tokenization, pos tagging, and base phrase chunking. In: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Arabic language resources and tools, Cairo"},{"key":"7_CR23","unstructured":"Doddington G, Mitchell A, Przybocki M, Rambow L, Strassel S, Weischedel R (2004) The automatic content extraction (ACE) program-tasks, data and evaluation. In: Proceedings of LREC 2004, Lisbon, pp 837\u2013840"},{"key":"7_CR24","first-page":"2509","volume-title":"Proceedings of the sixth international language resources and evaluation (LREC\u201908), Marrakech","author":"B Farber","year":"2008","unstructured":"Farber B, Freitag D, Habash N, Rambow O (2008) Improving NER in Arabic using a morphological tagger. In: Calzolari N, Choukri K, Maegaard B, Mariani J, Odjik J, Piperidis S, Tapias D (eds) Proceedings of the sixth international language resources and evaluation (LREC\u201908), Marrakech. European Language Resources Association (ELRA), Marrakesch, pp 2509\u20132514"},{"key":"7_CR25","unstructured":"Fehri H, Haddar K, Ben\u00a0Hamadou A (2011) Recognition and translation of Arabic named entities with NooJ using a new representation model. In: Proceedings of the 9th international workshop on finite state methods and natural language processing, Blois. Association for Computational Linguistics, pp 134\u2013142"},{"key":"7_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Florian R, Ittycheriah A, Jing H, Zhang T (2003) Named entity recognition through classifier combination. In: Proceedings of the seventh conference on natural language learning at HLT-NAACL 2003, Edmonton, pp 168\u2013171","DOI":"10.3115\/1119176.1119201"},{"key":"7_CR27","volume-title":"Proceedings of the human language technology conference of the North American chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: HLT-NAACL 2004","author":"R Florian","year":"2004","unstructured":"Florian R, Hassan H, Ittycheriah A, Jing H, Kambhatla N, Luo X, Nicolov N, Roukos S (2004) A statistical model for multilingual entity detection and tracking. In: Dumais S, Marcu D, Roukos S (eds) Proceedings of the human language technology conference of the North American chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: HLT-NAACL 2004, Boston. Association for Computational Linguistics"},{"key":"7_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goldberg Y, Elhadad M (2008) Identification of transliterated foreign words in Hebrew script. In: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Computational linguistics and intelligent text processing, CICLing\u201908, Haifa, pp 466\u2013477","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-78135-6_40"},{"key":"7_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-6046-5_2","volume":"38","author":"N Habash","year":"2007","unstructured":"Habash N, Soudi A, Buckwalter T (2007) On arabic transliteration. Text Speech Lang Technology 38:15\u201322","journal-title":"Text Speech Lang Technology"},{"key":"7_CR30","unstructured":"Habash N, Rambow O, Roth R (2009) MADA+TOKAN: a toolkit for Arabic tokenization, diacritization, morphological disambiguation, POS tagging, stemming and lemmatization. In: Choukri K, Maegaard B (eds) Proceedings of the second international conference on Arabic language resources and tools, the MEDAR consortium, Cairo"},{"key":"7_CR31","unstructured":"Hassan A, Fahmy H, Hassan H (2007) Improving named entity translation by exploiting comparable and parallel corpora. In: Proceedings of the conference on recent advances in natural language processing (RANLP \u201907), Borovets"},{"key":"7_CR32","unstructured":"Hermjakob U, Knight K, Daum\u00e9\u00a0III H (2008) Name translation in statistical machine translation \u2013 learning when to transliterate. In: Proceedings of ACL-08: HLT, Columbus. Association for Computational Linguistics, pp 389\u2013397"},{"key":"7_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hovy E, Marcus M, Palmer M, Ramshaw L, Weischedel R (2006) OntoNotes: the 90% solution. In: Proceedings of the human language technology conference of the NAACL (HLT-NAACL), New York City. Association for Computational Linguistics, pp 57\u201360","DOI":"10.3115\/1614049.1614064"},{"key":"7_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang F, Emami A, Zitouni I (2008) When Harry met Harri: cross-lingual name spelling normalization. In: Proceedings of the 2008 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing, Honolulu. Association for Computational Linguistics, pp 391\u2013399","DOI":"10.3115\/1613715.1613766"},{"key":"7_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s10579-007-9050-8","volume":"42","author":"A Itai","year":"2008","unstructured":"Itai A, Wintner S (2008) Language resources for Hebrew. Lang Resour Eval 42:75\u201398","journal-title":"Lang Resour Eval"},{"key":"7_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang J, Zhai C (2006) Exploiting domain structure for named entity recognition. In: Proceedings of the human language technology conference of the NAACL (HLT-NAACL), New York City. Association for Computational Linguistics, pp 74\u201381","DOI":"10.3115\/1220835.1220845"},{"key":"7_CR37","volume-title":"Speech and language processing","author":"D Jurafsky","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jurafsky D, Martin JH (2008) Speech and language processing. Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River"},{"key":"7_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/1922649.1922654","volume":"43","author":"S Karimi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Karimi S, Scholer F, Turpin A (2011) Machine transliteration survey. ACM Comput Surv 43:17:1\u201317:46","journal-title":"ACM Comput Surv"},{"key":"7_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khalid MA, Jijkoun V, De\u00a0Rijke M (2008) The impact of named entity normalization on information retrieval for question answering. In: Proceedings of the IR research, 30th European conference on advances in information retrieval, Glasgow, Springer, pp 705\u2013710","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-78646-7_83"},{"key":"7_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kirschenbaum A, Wintner S (2009) Lightly supervised transliteration for machine translation. In: Proceedings of the 12th conference of the European chapter of the ACL (EACL 2009), Athens. Association for Computational Linguistics, pp 433\u2013441","DOI":"10.3115\/1609067.1609115"},{"key":"7_CR41","unstructured":"Lafferty JD, McCallum A, Pereira FCN (2001) Conditional random fields: probabilistic models for segmenting and labeling sequence data. In: Proceedings of the eighteenth international conference on machine learning, ICML \u201901, Williamstown. Morgan Kaufmann, pp 282\u2013289"},{"key":"7_CR42","unstructured":"LDC (2005) ACE (automatic content extraction) Arabic annotation guidelines for entities, version 5.3.3. Linguistic Data Consortium, Philadelphia"},{"key":"7_CR43","first-page":"652","volume-title":"Banner: an executable survey of advances in biomedical named entity recognition","author":"R Leaman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Leaman R, Gonzalez G (2008) Banner: an executable survey of advances in biomedical named entity recognition. In: Proceedings of pacific symposium on biocomputing, Kohala Coast, pp 652\u2013663"},{"key":"7_CR44","volume-title":"Named entity recognition in Hebrew","author":"G Lemberski","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lemberski G (2003) Named entity recognition in Hebrew. Master\u2019s thesis, Department of Computer Science, Ben Gurion University"},{"key":"7_CR45","first-page":"357","volume":"6","author":"U Leser","year":"2005","unstructured":"Leser U, Hakenberg J (2005) What makes a gene name? Named entity recognition in the biomedical literature. Brief. Bioinform 6:357\u2013369","journal-title":"Named entity recognition in the biomedical literature. Brief. Bioinform"},{"key":"7_CR46","unstructured":"Maamouri M, Graff D, Bouziri B, Krouna S, Bies A, Kulick S (2010) LDC standard Arabic morphological analyzer (SAMA) version 3.1, LDC2004L02. Linguistic Data Consortium, Philadelphia"},{"key":"7_CR47","volume-title":"TAGARAB: a fast, accurate arabic name recognizer using high precision morphological analysis","author":"J Maloney","year":"1998","unstructured":"Maloney J, Niv M (1998) TAGARAB: a fast, accurate arabic name recognizer using high precision morphological analysis. In: Proceedings of the workshop on computational approaches to Semitic languages, Montreal"},{"key":"7_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malouf R (2002) Markov models for language-independent named entity recognition. In: Proceedings of the 6th conference on natural language learning \u2013 vol 20, COLING-02, Stroudsburg. Association for Computational Linguistics, pp 1\u20134","DOI":"10.3115\/1118853.1118872"},{"key":"7_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCallum A, Li W (2003) Early results for named entity recognition with conditional random fields, feature induction and web-enhanced lexicons. In: Daelemans W, Osborne M (eds) Proceedings of the seventh conference on natural language learning at HLT-NAACL 2003, Edmonton, pp 188\u2013191","DOI":"10.3115\/1119176.1119206"},{"key":"7_CR50","series-title":"Lecture notes in computer science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-73351-5_27","volume-title":"Natural language processing and information systems","author":"S Mesfar","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mesfar S (2007) Named entity recognition for Arabic using syntactic grammars. In: Kedad Z, Lammari N, M\u00e9tais E, Meziane F, Rezgui Y (eds) Natural language processing and information systems. Lecture notes in computer science, vol 4592. Springer, Berlin, pp 305\u2013316"},{"key":"7_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mikheev A, Moens M, Grover C (1999) Named entity recognition without gazetteers. In: Proceedings of the ninth conference of the European chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL-99), Bergen. Association for Computational Linguistics","DOI":"10.3115\/977035.977037"},{"key":"7_CR52","unstructured":"Miller S, Crystal M, Fox H, Ramshaw L, Schwartz R, Stone R, Weischedel R, The Annotation\u00a0Group (1998) Algorithms that learn to extract information BBN: description of the sift system as used for MUC-7. In: Proceedings of the seventh message understanding conference (MUC-7), Fairfax"},{"key":"7_CR53","unstructured":"Mohit B, Schneider N, Bhowmick R, Oflazer K, Smith NA (2012) Recall-oriented learning of named entities in arabic wikipedia. In: Proceedings of the 13th Conference of the European Chapter of the ACL (EACL 2012), Avignon. Association for Computational Linguistics"},{"key":"7_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1075\/li.30.1.03nad","volume":"30","author":"D Nadeau","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nadeau D, Sekine S (2007) A survey of named entity recognition and classification. Lingvisticae Investigationes 30:3\u201326","journal-title":"Lingvisticae Investigationes"},{"key":"7_CR55","first-page":"41","volume-title":"What in the world is a Shahab?","author":"L Nezda","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nezda L, Hickl A, Lehmann J, Fayyaz S (2006) What in the world is a Shahab? Wide coverage named entity recognition for Arabic. In: Proccedings of LREC, Genoa, pp 41\u201346"},{"key":"7_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nothman J, Murphy T, Curran JR (2009) Analysing Wikipedia and gold-standard corpora for NER training. In: Proceedings of the 12th conference of the European chapter of the ACL (EACL 2009), Athens. Association for Computational Linguistics, pp 612\u2013620","DOI":"10.3115\/1609067.1609135"},{"key":"7_CR57","unstructured":"Oudah M, Shaalan K (2012) A pipeline Arabic named entity recognition using a hybrid approach. In: Proceedings of COLING 2012, Mumbai. The COLING 2012 Organizing Committee, pp 2159\u20132176"},{"key":"7_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1109\/5.18626","volume":"77","author":"LR Rabiner","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rabiner LR (1989) A tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected applications in speech recognition. Proc IEEE 77:257\u2013286","journal-title":"Proc IEEE"},{"key":"7_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ratinov L, Roth D (2009) Design challenges and misconceptions in named entity recognition. In: Proceedings of the thirteenth conference on computational natural language learning (CoNLL-2009), Colorado. Association for Computational Linguistics, Boulder, pp 147\u2013155","DOI":"10.3115\/1596374.1596399"},{"key":"7_CR60","first-page":"474","volume-title":"Learning dictionaries for information extraction by multi-level bootstrapping","author":"E Riloff","year":"1999","unstructured":"Riloff E, Jones R (1999) Learning dictionaries for information extraction by multi-level bootstrapping. In: Proceedings of the sixteenth national conference on artificial intelligence and the eleventh innovative applications of artificial intelligence conference innovative applications of artificial intelligence, Orlando. American Association for Artificial Intelligence, pp 474\u2013479"},{"key":"7_CR61","volume-title":"Introduction to the sundance and autoslog systems","author":"EM Riloff","year":"2004","unstructured":"Riloff EM, Phillips W (2004) Introduction to the sundance and autoslog systems. Technical report, University of Utah"},{"key":"7_CR62","unstructured":"Samy D, Moreno A, Guirao JM (2005) A proposal for an Arabic named entity tagger leveraging a parallel corpus. In: Proceedings of the conference of the recent advances in natural language processing (RANLP-05), Borovets"},{"key":"7_CR63","volume-title":"Extended named entity hierarchy","author":"S Sekine","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sekine S, Sudo K, Nobata C (2002) Extended named entity hierarchy. In: Proceedings of LREC, Las Palmas"},{"issue":"8","key":"7_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.21090","volume":"60","author":"K Shaalan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shaalan K, Raza H (2009) NERA: named entity recognition for Arabic. J Am Soc Inf Sci Technol 60(8):1652\u20131663","journal-title":"J Am Soc Inf Sci Technol"},{"key":"7_CR65","unstructured":"Sintayehu Z (2001) Automatic classification of Amharic news items: the case of Ethiopian news agency. Master\u2019s thesis, School of Information Studies for Africa, Addis Ababa University"},{"key":"7_CR66","unstructured":"Sundheim BM (1995) Named entity task definition, version 2.1. In: Proceedings of the Sixth Message Understanding Conference (MUC-6), Columbia"},{"key":"7_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tjong Kim\u00a0Sang EF (2002) Introduction to the CoNLL-2002 shared task: language-independent named entity recognition. In: Proceedings of the sixth conference on natural language learning (CoNLL-2002), Taipei","DOI":"10.3115\/1118853.1118877"},{"key":"7_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tjong Kim\u00a0Sang EF, De\u00a0Meulder F (2003) Introduction to the CoNLL-2003 shared task: language-independent named entity recognition. In: Daelemans W, Osborne M (eds) Proceedings of the seventh conference on natural language learning at HLT-NAACL 2003, Edmonton, pp 142\u2013147","DOI":"10.3115\/1119176.1119195"},{"key":"7_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Toral A, Noguera E, Llopis F, Mu\u00f1oz R (2005) Improving question answering using named entity recognition. In: Natural language processing and information systems, vol 3513\/2005. Springer, Berlin\/New York, pp\u00a0181\u2013191","DOI":"10.1007\/11428817_17"},{"key":"7_CR70","unstructured":"Walker C, Strassel S, Medero J, Maeda K (2006) ACE 2005 multilingual training corpus. LDC2006T06, Linguistic Data Consortium, Philadelphia"},{"key":"7_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu D, Lee WS, Ye N, Chieu HL (2009) Domain adaptive bootstrapping for named entity recognition. In: Proceedings of the 2009 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing, Singapore. Association for Computational Linguistics, pp 1523\u20131532","DOI":"10.3115\/1699648.1699699"},{"key":"7_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yarowsky D, Ngai G, Wicentowski R (2001) Inducing multilingual text analysis tools via robust projection across aligned corpora. In: Proceedings of the first international conference on human language technology research, HLT \u201901, Stroudsburg. Association for Computational Linguistics, pp 1\u20138","DOI":"10.3115\/1072133.1072187"},{"key":"7_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2090176.2090178","volume":"11","author":"W Zaghouani","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zaghouani W (2012) RENAR: A rule-based Arabic named entity recognition system. ACM Trans Asian Lang Inf Process (TALIP) 11:1\u201313","journal-title":"ACM Trans Asian Lang Inf Process (TALIP)"},{"key":"7_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zitouni I, Florian R (2008) Mention detection crossing the language barrier. In: Proceedings of the 2008 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing, Honolulu. Association for Computational Linguistics, pp 600\u2013609","DOI":"10.3115\/1613715.1613789"}],"container-title":["Theory and Applications of Natural Language Processing","Natural Language Processing of Semitic Languages"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-642-45358-8_7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T18:33:39Z","timestamp":1674153219000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-642-45358-8_7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"ISBN":["9783642453571","9783642453588"],"references-count":74,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-45358-8_7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2192-032X","2192-0338"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2192-032X","type":"print"},{"value":"2192-0338","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 March 2014","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}}]}}