{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T22:47:11Z","timestamp":1776725231077,"version":"3.51.2"},"publisher-location":"Vienna","reference-count":138,"publisher":"Springer Vienna","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783709189436","type":"print"},{"value":"9783709189412","type":"electronic"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-8941-2_3","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,28]],"date-time":"2012-07-28T20:55:33Z","timestamp":1343508933000},"page":"29-56","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Acute Direct and Indirect Lesions of the Brain Stem\u2014CT Findings and Their Clinical Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Albrecht","family":"Laun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"3_CR1","first-page":"35","volume-title":"Handbook of clinical neurology, vol 23","author":"JH Adams","year":"1975","unstructured":"Adams JH (1975) The neuropathology of head injuries. In: Vinken PJ et al (eds) Handbook of clinical neurology, vol 23. North Holland Publ Comp, Amsterdam New York, pp 35\u201365"},{"key":"3_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/100.3.489","volume":"100","author":"JH Adams","year":"1977","unstructured":"Adams JH, Mitchel DE et al (1977) Diffuse brain damage of immediate impact type. Brain 100: 489\u2013502","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"3_CR3","volume-title":"Anatomy-physiology in CT","author":"AL Agnoli","year":"1980","unstructured":"Agnoli AL, Cristante L et al (1980) Brain herniation by cranial computer tomography: clinical radiological correlations. In: Anatomy-physiology in CT. Kugler Med Publ, Amstelveen"},{"key":"3_CR4","unstructured":"Agnoli AL, Laun A et al (1980) Computerized tomography in brain stem haemorrhage. Diagnostic and prognostic aspects. Lecture IXth Congress of European Society of Neuroradiology, Brussels"},{"key":"3_CR5","unstructured":"Agnoli AL, Busse O et al (1980) Prognostic significance of subarachnoidal CSF spaces abnormalities in CT. Lecture IXth Congress of European Society of Neuroradiology, Brussels"},{"key":"3_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-46-552-1023","volume":"46","author":"J Ambrose","year":"1973","unstructured":"Ambrose J (1973) Computerized transverse axial scanning (tomography). Part 2: Clinical application. Br J Radiol 46: 1023\u20131047","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"3_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1974.40.6.0679","volume":"40","author":"J Ambrose","year":"1974","unstructured":"Ambrose J (1974) Computerized X-ray scanning of the brain. J Neurosurg 40: 679\u2013695","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"3_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01405650","volume":"28","author":"C Arseni","year":"1973","unstructured":"Arseni C, Stanciu M (1973) Primary haematomas of the brain stem. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 28: 323\u2013330","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"3_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-67543-0_10","volume-title":"Intracranial pressure IV","author":"LM Auer","year":"1980","unstructured":"Auer LM et al (1980) Relevance of CT-scan for the level of ICP in patients with severe head injury. In: Shulman K et al (eds) Intracranial pressure IV. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 45\u201347"},{"key":"3_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01407448","volume":"79","author":"LM Auer","year":"1986","unstructured":"Auer LM, Auer T, Sayana J (1986) Indications for surgical treatment of cerebellar haemorrhage and infarction. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 79: 74\u201379","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"3_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1932.02230170149005","volume":"27","author":"C Bagley","year":"1932","unstructured":"Bagley C (1932) Spontaneous cerebral haemorrhage. Arch Neurol Psychiat (Chic) 27: 1133\u20131179","journal-title":"Arch Neurol Psychiat (Chic)"},{"key":"3_CR12","unstructured":"Bauer BL (1969\/70) Protein and amino acid metabolism in central dysregulation. In: Modern aspects of neurosurgery, Proc Ann Meetings. Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Neurochirurgie, vol 1, ICS 242. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam 1971a"},{"key":"3_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00345723","volume":"18","author":"H Becker","year":"1979","unstructured":"Becker H, Desch H et al (1979) CT fogging effect with ischemic cerebral infarcts. Neuroradiol 18: 185\u2013192","journal-title":"Neuroradiol"},{"key":"3_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.62.2.0194","volume":"62","author":"MS Berger","year":"1985","unstructured":"Berger MS, Pitts LH et al (1985) Outcome from severe head injury in children and adolescents. J Neurosurg 62: 194\u2013199","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"3_CR15","first-page":"659","volume-title":"Verh Dt Ges Neurol","author":"O Busse","year":"1980","unstructured":"Busse O, Agnoli AL, Feistner H (1980) Beziehungen zwischen neurologischen Ausf\u00e4llen und computertomographischen (CT) Befunden bei Hirnstamminfarkten. In: Verh Dt Ges Neurol, Bd 1. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, pp 659\u2013662"},{"key":"3_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1002014","volume":"52","author":"O Busse","year":"1984","unstructured":"Busse O, Laun A, Agnoli AL (1984) Verschlu\u00dfhydrozephalus bei Kleinhirninfarkten. Fortschr Neurol Psychiat 52: 164\u2013171","journal-title":"Fortschr Neurol Psychiat"},{"key":"3_CR17","first-page":"1985","volume-title":"Zentrale Massenverschiebungen und Zisternenhernien bei akuten traumatischen Hirnl\u00e4sionen","author":"VP Calatayud","year":"1985","unstructured":"Calatayud VP (1985) Zentrale Massenverschiebungen und Zisternenhernien bei akuten traumatischen Hirnl\u00e4sionen. Dissertation, Gie\u00dfen 1985"},{"key":"3_CR18","first-page":"687","volume":"66","author":"BW Cannon","year":"1951","unstructured":"Cannon BW (1951) Acute vascular lesions of the brain stem. Complications of supratentorial space-occupying lesions. Arph Neurol Psychiat 66: 687\u2013696","journal-title":"Arph Neurol Psychiat"},{"key":"3_CR19","first-page":"69","volume-title":"Clinco-anatomical correlations in 100 cases, ICS 293","author":"J Chodkiewicz","year":"1973","unstructured":"Chodkiewicz J, Vedrenne C, Redondo A (1973) Brain stem lesions following head injuries. Clinco-anatomical correlations in 100 cases, ICS 293. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, p 69"},{"key":"3_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01418797","volume":"74","author":"FA Cioffi","year":"1985","unstructured":"Cioffi FA, Bernini FP et al (1985) Surgical management of acute cerebellar infarction. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 74: 105\u2013112","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"3_CR21","first-page":"27","volume":"5\/1","author":"JR Constant","year":"1978","unstructured":"Constant JR, Guerin J et al (1978) CT appearances of the normal tentorial hiatus and expanding lesions of the incisura. J Neuroradiol 5\/1: 27\u201341","journal-title":"J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"3_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-197902000-00002","volume":"4","author":"PR Cooper","year":"1979","unstructured":"Cooper PR et al (1979) Traumatically induced brain stem haemorrhage and the computerized tomographic scan: Clinical, pathological and experimental observations. Neurosurg 4: 115\u2013124","journal-title":"Neurosurg"},{"key":"3_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.19.1.1","volume":"19","author":"JV Crawford","year":"1956","unstructured":"Crawford JV, Russel DS (1956) Cryptic arteriovenous and venous haematomas of the brain. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 19: 1\u201311","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat"},{"key":"3_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(71)92680-8","volume":"1","author":"MR Crompton","year":"1971","unstructured":"Crompton MR (1971) Brain stem lesions due to closed head injury. The Lancet 1: 669\u2013673","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"3_CR25","volume-title":"Hirnchirurgie","author":"WE Dandy","year":"1938","unstructured":"Dandy WE (1938) Surgery of the brain. Deutsche \u00dcbersetzung: K\u00f6bcke H (ed) Hirnchirurgie. J A Barth, Leipzig"},{"key":"3_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.17.4.595","volume":"17","author":"GJ Del Zoppo","year":"1986","unstructured":"Del Zoppo GJ, Zeumer H, Marker A (1986) Thrombolytic therapy in stroke: Possibilities and hazards. Stroke 17: 595\u2013607","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"3_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198010000-00005","volume":"4","author":"VP Dhopesh","year":"1980","unstructured":"Dhopesh VP et al (1980) Computed tomography in brain stem haemorrhage. J Comput Assist Tomogr 4: 603\u2013607","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"3_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1964.00460140086011","volume":"10","author":"HB Dinsdale","year":"1964","unstructured":"Dinsdale HB (1964) Spontaneous haemorrhage in the posterior fossa. Arch Neurol (Chic) 10: 200\u2013217","journal-title":"Arch Neurol (Chic)"},{"key":"3_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.42.11.1058","volume":"42","author":"T Doczi","year":"1979","unstructured":"Doczi T, Thomas DGT (1979) Successful removal of an intrapontine haematoma. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 42: 1058\u20131061","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat"},{"key":"3_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1983.59.6.0951","volume":"59","author":"KJ Dongen van","year":"1983","unstructured":"Dongen KJ van, Braakman R, Gelpke GJ (1983) The prognostic value of computerized tomography in comatose head-injured patients. J Neurosurg 59: 951\u2013957","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"3_CR31","volume-title":"Schlaganf\u00e4lle","author":"W Dorndorf","year":"1983","unstructured":"Dorndorf W (1983) Schlaganf\u00e4lle. Thieme, Stuttgart"},{"key":"3_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1982.56.1.0123","volume":"56","author":"QJ Durward","year":"1982","unstructured":"Durward QJ, Barnett HJM, Barr HWK (1982) Presentation and management of mesencephalic haematoma. J Neurosurg 56: 123\u2013127","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"3_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-195110000-00008","volume":"10","author":"AW Epstein","year":"1951","unstructured":"Epstein AW (1951) Primar massive pontine haemorrhage. A clinico-pathological study. J Neuropath Exp Neurol 10: 426\u2013448","journal-title":"J Neuropath Exp Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR34","first-page":"163","volume":"52","author":"H Feistner","year":"1981","unstructured":"Feistner H, Busse O, Agnoli AL (1981) Vergleichende klinische und computertomographische Befunde bei Hirnstamminfarkten. Nervenarzt 52: 163\u2013166","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"3_CR35","first-page":"113","volume":"2","author":"P Gehuchten van","year":"1937","unstructured":"Gehuchten P van (1937) Le m\u00e9canisme de la mort dans certains cas de tumeur c\u00e9r\u00e9brale. Enc\u00e9phale 2: 113\u2013127","journal-title":"Enc\u00e9phale"},{"key":"3_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01411189","volume":"59","author":"B George","year":"1981","unstructured":"George B, Thurel C et al (1981) Frequency of primary brain stem lesions after head injuries. A CT-scan analysis from 186 cases of severe head trauma. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 59: 35\u201343","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"3_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(78)90124-7","volume":"39","author":"DI Graham","year":"1978","unstructured":"Graham DI, Adams JH, Doyle D (1978) Ischemic brain damage in fatal non-missile head injuries. J Neurol Sci 39: 213\u2013234","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"3_CR38","first-page":"86","volume":"28","author":"P Greenacre","year":"1917","unstructured":"Greenacre P (1917) Multiple spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhages. A contribution to the pathology of apoplexy. Johns Hopk Hosp Bull 28: 86\u201388","journal-title":"Johns Hopk Hosp Bull"},{"key":"3_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01667902","volume":"117","author":"A Groeneveld","year":"1927","unstructured":"Groeneveld A, Schaltenbrand G (1927) Ein Fall von Duraendotheliom \u00fcber der Gro\u00dfhirnhemisph\u00e4re mit einer bemerkenswerten Komplikation: L\u00e4sion der gekreuzten Pes pedunculi durch Druck auf den Rand des Tentorium. Dtsch Z Nervenheilk 117: 32","journal-title":"Dtsch Z Nervenheilk"},{"key":"3_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-67543-0_11","volume-title":"Intracranial pressure IV","author":"FL Haar","year":"1980","unstructured":"Haar FL, Sadhu VK et al (1980) Can CT-findings predict intracranial pressure in closed head injury patients? In: Shulman K et al (eds) Intracranial pressure IV. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 48\u201350"},{"key":"3_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01403830","volume":"76","author":"G Hildebrandt","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hildebrandt G, Werner M et al (1985) Acute non-communicating hydrocephalus after spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 76: 58\u201361","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"3_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.137.1.7422831","volume":"137","author":"DB Hinshaw","year":"1980","unstructured":"Hinshaw DB, Thompson JR et al (1980) Infarction of the brain stem and cerebellum: a correlation of computed tomography and angiography. Radiology 137: 105\u2013112","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"3_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(81)90274-3","volume":"16","author":"SU Ho","year":"1981","unstructured":"Ho SU, Kun KS et al (1981) Cerebellar infarction: a clinical and CT study. Surg Neurol 16: 350\u2013352","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-46-552-1016","volume":"46","author":"GN Hounsfield","year":"1973","unstructured":"Hounsfield GN (1973) Computerized transverse axial scanning (tomography). Part I: Description of system. Br J Radiol 46: 1016\u20131022","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"3_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198010000-00017","volume":"4","author":"GN Hounsfield","year":"1980","unstructured":"Hounsfield GN (1980) Computed medical imaging (Nobel lecture). J Comput Assist Tomogr 4: 665\u2013674","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"3_CR46","first-page":"326","volume":"41","author":"B Huhn","year":"1970","unstructured":"Huhn B, Jakob H (1970) Traumatische Hirnstamml\u00e4sionen mit vielj\u00e4hriger \u00dcberlebensdauer. Nervenarzt 41: 326\u2013334","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"3_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.26.12.1111","volume":"26","author":"L Jacobs","year":"1976","unstructured":"Jacobs L et al (1976) Autopsy correlations of computerized tomography. Experience with 6000 CT scans. Neurology (Minneap) 26: 1111\u20131118","journal-title":"Neurology (Minneap)"},{"key":"3_CR48","first-page":"223","volume":"25","author":"K Jellinger","year":"1967","unstructured":"Jellinger K (1967) H\u00e4ufigkeit und Pathogenese zentraler Hirnl\u00e4sionen nach stumpfer Gewalteinwirkung auf den Sch\u00e4del. Z Nervenheilk (Wien) 25: 223\u2013249","journal-title":"Z Nervenheilk (Wien)"},{"key":"3_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(70)90091-2","volume":"10","author":"K Jellinger","year":"1970","unstructured":"Jellinger K, Seitelberger F (1970) Protracted post-traumatic encephalopathy. J Neurol Sci 10: 51\u201394","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"3_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-95373-6_2","volume-title":"Spontaneous intracerebral haematomas","author":"K Jellinger","year":"1980","unstructured":"Jellinger K (1980) Pathology and aetiology of ICH. In: Pia HW et al (eds) Spontaneous intracerebral haematomas. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 13\u201329"},{"key":"3_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1986.64.3.0386","volume":"64","author":"DL Johnson","year":"1986","unstructured":"Johnson DL, Fritz C et al (1986) Perimesencephalic cistern obliteration: a CT sign of life-threatening shunt failure. J Neurosurg 64: 386\u2013389","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"3_CR52","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Handbook of clinical neurology","author":"HA Kaplan","year":"1974","unstructured":"Kaplan HA (1974) Anatomy and embryology of the arterial system of the forebrain. In: Vinken PJ et al (eds) Handbook of clinical neurology, vol 11. North Holland Publ Comp, Amsterdam New York, pp 1\u201323"},{"key":"3_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-96626-2","volume-title":"Computertomographic intrakranieller Tumoren","author":"E Kazner","year":"1981","unstructured":"Kazner E, Wende S et al (1981) Computertomographic intrakranieller Tumoren. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York"},{"key":"3_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.27.1.78","volume":"27","author":"LG Kempe","year":"1964","unstructured":"Kempe LG (1964) Surgical removal of an intramedullary haematoma simulating Wallenberg\u2019s syndrome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 27: 78\u201380","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat"},{"key":"3_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1929.02210200030004","volume":"21","author":"J Kernohan","year":"1929","unstructured":"Kernohan J, Woltman HW (1929) Incisura of the crus cerebri due to contralateral brain tumour. Arch Neurol Psychiat 21: 274\u2013287","journal-title":"Arch Neurol Psychiat"},{"key":"3_CR56","volume-title":"Studien in der Anatomie des Nervensystems und des Bindegewebes","author":"A Key","year":"1875","unstructured":"Key A, Retzius G (1875) Studien in der Anatomie des Nervensystems und des Bindegewebes. Samson & Wallin, Stockholm I + II"},{"key":"3_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(85)90250-2","volume":"23","author":"RC Kim","year":"1985","unstructured":"Kim RC, Fagin K, Choi BH (1985) Prolonged survival after severe traumatic injury limited to the brain stem. Surg Neurol 23: 525\u2013528","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00341689","volume":"208","author":"P Kleihues","year":"1966","unstructured":"Kleihues P, Hizawa K (1966) Die Infarkte der A. cerebri posterior: Pathogenese und Beziehungen zur Sehrinde. Arch Psychiat Z Neurol 208: 263\u2013284","journal-title":"Arch Psychiat Z Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR59","first-page":"9","volume":"22","author":"R Kn\u00fcpling","year":"1979","unstructured":"Kn\u00fcpling R et al (1979) Chronic and acute transtentorial herniation with tumours of the posterior cranial fossa. Neurochirurgia 22: 9\u201317","journal-title":"Neurochirurgia"},{"key":"3_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1020747","volume":"13","author":"H Kollikowski","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kollikowski H, Ewert T et al (1986) Intraarterielle lokale Fibrinolysetherapie der A. basilaris-Thrombose bei \u00e4lteren Gef\u00e4\u00dfpatienten. Akt Neurol 13: 201\u2013206","journal-title":"Akt Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1969.31.6.0690","volume":"31","author":"WT Koos","year":"1969","unstructured":"Koos WT, Sunder-Plassmann M, Salah S (1969) Successful removal of a large intrapontine haematoma. Case report. J Neurosurg 31: 690\u2013694","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"3_CR62","first-page":"489","volume":"75","author":"W Krauland","year":"1963","unstructured":"Krauland W (1963) Die pathologische Anatomie des Sch\u00e4del-Hirn-Traumas. Klin Wschr (Wien) 75: 489\u2013492","journal-title":"Klin Wschr (Wien)"},{"key":"3_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-68365-7_2","volume-title":"Verletzungen der intrakraniellen Schlagadern","author":"W Krauland","year":"1982","unstructured":"Krauland W (1982) Biomechanik der gedeckten Sch\u00e4delhirnverletzungen. In: Verletzungen der intrakraniellen Schlagadern. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 20\u201337"},{"key":"3_CR64","volume-title":"Zerebrale Angiographie f\u00fcr Klinik und Praxis","author":"HA Krayenb\u00fchl","year":"1979","unstructured":"Krayenb\u00fchl HA, Yasargil MG (1979) Zerebrale Angiographie f\u00fcr Klinik und Praxis. Thieme, Stuttgart"},{"key":"3_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-12941-8","volume-title":"Sch\u00e4delhirnverletzungen im Computertomogramm","author":"W Lanksch","year":"1978","unstructured":"Lanksch W, Kazner E (1978) Sch\u00e4delhirnverletzungen im Computertomogramm. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York"},{"key":"3_CR66","first-page":"196","volume-title":"Spontaneous intracerebral haematomas\u2014Advances in diagnosis and treatment","author":"A Laun","year":"1980","unstructured":"Laun A, Agnoli AL (1980) Brain stem haemorrhages. In: Pia HW et al (eds) Spontaneous intracerebral haematomas\u2014Advances in diagnosis and treatment. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 196\u2013201"},{"key":"3_CR67","first-page":"60","volume-title":"Das traumatische Mittelhirnsyndrom","author":"A Laun","year":"1982","unstructured":"Laun A (1982) Zum Problem der Zisternenverquellung und direkter sowie sekund\u00e4rer Sch\u00e4digungen am Hirnstamm (computertomographische Analysen). In: M\u00fcller E (ed) Das traumatische Mittelhirnsyndrom. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 60\u201364"},{"key":"3_CR68","volume-title":"Advances in neurotraumatology, ICS 612","author":"A Laun","year":"1983","unstructured":"Laun A, Agnoli AL et al (1983) Morphological and CT-findings in traumatic brain stem haemorrhages\u2014a contribution of pathophysiology of primary and secondary lesions. In: Villani R (ed) Advances in neurotraumatology, ICS 612. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam Oxford Princeton"},{"key":"3_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01401324","volume":"71","author":"A Laun","year":"1984","unstructured":"Laun A, Busse O et al (1984) Cerebellar infarcts in the area of the supply of the PICA and their surgical treatment. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 71: 295\u2013306","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"3_CR70","first-page":"634","volume-title":"Verhandlungen Dtsch Ges Neurologie, Bd 3","author":"A Laun","year":"1985","unstructured":"Laun A, Agnoli AL, Klug N (1985) Die akute Hypodensit\u00e4t des Hirnstammes im CT\u2013Zeichen des Hirntodes? In: Verhandlungen Dtsch Ges Neurologie, Bd 3. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, pp 634\u2013638"},{"key":"3_CR71","unstructured":"Lausberg G (1972) Temperaturregulation bei intrakranieller Drucksteigerung. Acta Neurochir (Wien) [Suppl] 19"},{"key":"3_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-195507000-00001","volume":"14","author":"R Lindenberg","year":"1955","unstructured":"Lindenberg R (1955) Compression of brain arteries as pathogenetic factor for tissue necrosis and their areas of predilection. J Neuropath Exp Neurol 14: 223\u2013243","journal-title":"J Neuropath Exp Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1093\/neurosurgery\/12.CN_suppl_1.129","volume":"12","author":"R Lindenberg","year":"1964","unstructured":"Lindenberg R (1964) Significance of the tentorium in head injuries from blunt forces. Clin Neurosurg 12: 129\u2013142","journal-title":"Clin Neurosurg"},{"key":"3_CR74","first-page":"509","volume":"90","author":"R Lindenberg","year":"1970","unstructured":"Lindenberg R (1970) Brain stem lesions characteristic of traumatic hyperextension of the head. Arch Path 90: 509\u2013515","journal-title":"Arch Path"},{"key":"3_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1986.65.6.0784","volume":"65","author":"RD Lobato","year":"1986","unstructured":"Lobato RD, Sarabia R et al (1986) Normal computerized tomography scans in severe head injury. J Neurosurg 65: 784\u2013789","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"3_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lorenz R (1973) Wirkungen intrakranieller raumfordernder Prozesse auf den Verlauf von Blutdruck und Pulsfrequenz. Acta Neurochir (Wien) [Suppl] 20","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-2259-4"},{"key":"3_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(85)90002-3","volume":"23","author":"TN Lui","year":"1985","unstructured":"Lui TN, Fairholm DJ (1985) Surgical treatment of spontaneous cerebellar haemorrhage. Surg Neurol 23: 555\u2013558","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(85)90252-6","volume":"23","author":"AK Mahapatra","year":"1985","unstructured":"Mahapatra AK, Tandon PN et al (1985) Bilateral decerebration in head injury patients. An analysis of sixty-two cases. Surg Neurol 23: 536\u2013540","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR79","first-page":"238","volume":"210","author":"ET Mayer","year":"1967","unstructured":"Mayer ET (1967) Zentrale Hirnstammsch\u00e4den nach Einwirkung stumpfer Gewalt auf den Sch\u00e4del. Hirnstamml\u00e4sionen. Arch Psychiat Neurol 210: 238\u2013262","journal-title":"Arch Psychiat Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR80","first-page":"16","volume":"9","author":"ET Mayer","year":"1969","unstructured":"Mayer ET (1969) Zur Pathologie des traumatischen Mittelhirn und apallischen Syndroms. Radiologie 9: 16\u201322","journal-title":"Radiologie"},{"key":"3_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1148\/119.3.581","volume":"119","author":"AV Messina","year":"1976","unstructured":"Messina AV, Potts DG et al (1976) Computed tomography: evaluation of the posterior third ventricle. Radiology 119: 581\u2013592","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"3_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1920.02180220036003","volume":"4","author":"A Meyer","year":"1920","unstructured":"Meyer A (1920) Herniation of the brain. Arch Neurol Psychiat 4: 387\u2013400","journal-title":"Arch Neurol Psychiat"},{"key":"3_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00343266","volume":"208","author":"M Minauf","year":"1966","unstructured":"Minauf M, Schacht L (1966) Zentrale Hirnsch\u00e4den nach Einwirkung stumpfer Gewalt auf den Sch\u00e4del. II. Mitteilung \u2014 L\u00e4sionen im Bereich der Stammganglien. Arch Psych Z ges Neurol 208: 162\u2013176","journal-title":"Arch Psych Z ges Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/61.1.70","volume":"61","author":"HT Moore","year":"1938","unstructured":"Moore HT, Stern K (1938) Vascular lesions in the brain stem and occipital lobe occuring in association with brain tumours. Brain 61: 70\u201389","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"3_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-69204-8_96","volume-title":"Intracranial pressure V","author":"A Murphy","year":"1983","unstructured":"Murphy A, Teasdale E, Matheson M et al (1983) Relationship between CT indices of brain swelling and intracranial pressure after head injury. In: Ishii S et al (eds) Intracranial pressure V. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 562\u2013565"},{"key":"3_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(86)90110-2","volume":"25","author":"C Nagashina","year":"1986","unstructured":"Nagashina C, Watanabe T (1986) Symmetrical thalamic low densities in descending transtentorial herniation. Surg Neurol 25: 29\u201332","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1148\/120.2.333","volume":"120","author":"TP Naidich","year":"1976","unstructured":"Naidich TP et al (1976) Computed tomography in the diagnosis of extra-axial posterior fossa masses. Radiology 120: 333\u2013339","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"3_CR88","first-page":"235","volume":"2","author":"Y Nakagawa","year":"1980","unstructured":"Nakagawa Y, Kooyama Y et al (1980) Clinical implications of the CT appearance of the brain stem cistern in cases of acute and severe head injuries. Progr Comp Tomog 2: 235\u2013241","journal-title":"Progr Comp Tomog"},{"key":"3_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1981.54.6.0751","volume":"54","author":"RK Narayan","year":"1981","unstructured":"Narayan RK et al (1981) Improved confidence of outcome prediction in severe head injury. J Neurosurg 54: 751\u2013762","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"3_CR90","first-page":"82","volume":"33","author":"S Obrador","year":"1970","unstructured":"Obrador S, Dierssen G, Odoriz BJ (1970) Surgical evacuation of a pontine-medullary haematoma. Case report. J Neurosurg 33: 82\u201384","journal-title":"Case report. J Neurosurg"},{"key":"3_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1148\/123.1.93","volume":"123","author":"AG Osborn","year":"1977","unstructured":"Osborn AG (1977) Diagnosis of descending transtentorial herniation by cranial computed tomography. Radiology 123: 93\u201396","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"3_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.130.4.755","volume":"130","author":"AG Osborn","year":"1978","unstructured":"Osborn AG, Heaston DK, Wing SD (1978) Diagnosis of ascending transtentorial herniation by cranial computed tomography. Am J Roentgenol 130: 755\u2013760","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"3_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(81)90130-0","volume":"15","author":"H Pak","year":"1981","unstructured":"Pak H, Patel SC, Malik GM (1981) Successful evacuation of a pontine haematoma secondary to rupture of a venous angioma. Surg Neurol 15: 164\u2013167","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00328386","volume":"11","author":"I Papo","year":"1976","unstructured":"Papo I, Pasquini U, Salvolini U (1976) Case reports. Sub-ependymal brain stem haematomas: a report of 2 cases. Neuroradiology 11: 279\u2013282","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"3_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410040615","volume":"4","author":"HA Payne","year":"1978","unstructured":"Payne HA, Maravilla KR et al (1978) Recovery from primary pontine haemorrhage. Ann Neurol 4: 557\u2013558","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR96","first-page":"429","volume":"37","author":"G Peters","year":"1966","unstructured":"Peters G (1966) Morphologische Forschung in der Neurologie und Psychiatrie. Nervenarzt 37: 429\u2013437","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"3_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01401702","volume":"23","author":"G Peters","year":"1979","unstructured":"Peters G (1979) Die Bedeutung der prim\u00e4r und sekund\u00e4r traumatischen Hirnver\u00e4nderungen f\u00fcr das klinische Syndrom. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 23: 187\u2013198","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"3_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-81151-7_14","volume-title":"The apallic syndrome","author":"G Peters","year":"1977","unstructured":"Peters G, Rothemund E (1977) Neuropathology of the post-traumatic apallic syndrome. In: Dalle Ore G et al (eds) The apallic syndrome. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 78\u201387"},{"key":"3_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pia HW (1957) Die Sch\u00e4digungen des Hirnstammes bei den raumfordernden Prozessen des Gehirns. Acta Neurochir (Wien) [Suppl] 4","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-2410-9"},{"key":"3_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-195207000-00004","volume":"11","author":"JL Poppen","year":"1952","unstructured":"Poppen JL, Kendrick JF, Hicks SP (1952) Brain stem haemorrhages secondary to supratentorial space taking lesions. J Neuropath Exp Neurol 11: 267\u2013279","journal-title":"J Neuropath Exp Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00347801","volume":"19","author":"P Pullicino","year":"1980","unstructured":"Pullicino P, Kendall BE (1980) Contrast enhancement in ischaemic lesions. Neuroradiology 19: 235\u2013239","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"3_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02796801","volume":"253","author":"D Riessner","year":"1939","unstructured":"Riessner D, Z\u00fclch KJ (1939) \u00dcber die Formver\u00e4nderungen des Hirns (Massenverschiebungen, Zisternenverquellungen) bei raumbeengenden Prozessen. Dtsch Z Chir 253, 1\u201361","journal-title":"Dtsch Z Chir"},{"key":"3_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1231474","volume":"131","author":"WD Sager","year":"1979","unstructured":"Sager WD, Ladurner G (1979) Klassifikation und Verlauf des Hirninfarktes im Computertomogramm. Fortschr R\u00f6ntgenstr 131: 470\u2013475","journal-title":"Fortschr R\u00f6ntgenstr"},{"key":"3_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01407449","volume":"79","author":"J Salazar","year":"1986","unstructured":"Salazar J, Vaquero J et al (1986) Clinical and CT scan assessment of benign versus fatal spontaneous cerebellar haematomas. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 79: 80\u201386","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"3_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sano H et al (1982) The range of cerebral microcirculation during increased intracranial pressure. 1st Int Symp: The cerebral veins, Graz","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-4124-3_28"},{"key":"3_CR106","first-page":"156","volume-title":"Spontaneous intracerebral haematomas","author":"K Sano","year":"1980","unstructured":"Sano K, Ochiai C (1980) Spontaneous brain stem (pontine) haematomas. In: Pia HW et al (eds) Spontaneous intracerebral haematomas. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 156\u2013159"},{"key":"3_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01743036","volume":"6","author":"K Sano","year":"1983","unstructured":"Sano K (1983) Spontaneous brain stem haematoma. Neurosurg Rev 6: 71\u201377","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"key":"3_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sato S et al (1982) Cerebral microcirculation in experimental sagittal sinus occlusion in dogs. 1st Int Symp: The cerebral veins, Graz","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-4124-3_12"},{"key":"3_CR109","volume-title":"Die zerebralen Massenverschiebungen \u2014 eine Systematik computertomographischer und klinischer Befunde","author":"R Sch\u00f6nmayr","year":"1985","unstructured":"Sch\u00f6nmayr R (1985) Die zerebralen Massenverschiebungen \u2014 eine Systematik computertomographischer und klinischer Befunde. Habil Schrift, Gie\u00dfen"},{"key":"3_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297 ff","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1941.02280200103005","volume":"46","author":"GA Schwarz","year":"1941","unstructured":"Schwarz GA, Rosner A (1941) Displacement and herniation of the hippoicampal gyrus through the incisura tentorii. Arch Psychiat 46: 297 ff","journal-title":"Arch Psychiat"},{"key":"3_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410080202","volume":"8","author":"G Scotti","year":"1980","unstructured":"Scotti G et al (1980) Cerebellar softening. Am Neurol 8: 133\u2013140","journal-title":"Am Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1949.02310120092007","volume":"61","author":"WB Scoville","year":"1949","unstructured":"Scoville WB, Poppen JJ (1949) Intrapeduncular haemorrhage of the brain. Arch Neurol Psychiat 61: 688\u2013694","journal-title":"Arch Neurol Psychiat"},{"key":"3_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00339392","volume":"23","author":"EB Scriver","year":"1982","unstructured":"Scriver EB, Olsen TS (1982) Contrast enhancement of cerebral infarcts. Neuroradiology 23: 259\u2013265","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"3_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seeger W (1968) Atemst\u00f6rungen bei intrakraniellen Massenverschiebungen. Acta Neurochir (Wien) [Suppl] 17","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-3132-9"},{"key":"3_CR115","unstructured":"Sellier K, Unterharnscheid F (dy1963) Mechanik und Pathomorphologie der Hirnsch\u00e4den nach stumpfer Gewalteinwirkung auf den Sch\u00e4del. Hefte Unfallheilkunde 76"},{"key":"3_CR116","first-page":"37","volume-title":"Handbook of clinical neurology, vol 12","author":"A Silverstein","year":"1972","unstructured":"Silverstein A (1972) Primary pontine haemorrhage. In: Vinken PJ, Bruyn GW (eds) Handbook of clinical neurology, vol 12. North Holland Publ Comp, Amsterdam, pp 37\u201353"},{"key":"3_CR117","first-page":"13","volume-title":"Handbook of clinical neurology, vol 12","author":"A Silverstein","year":"1974","unstructured":"Silverstein A (1974) Pontine infarction. In: Vinken PJ, Bruyn GW (eds) Handbook of clinical neurology, vol 12. North Holland Publ Comp, Amsterdam, pp 13\u201336"},{"key":"3_CR118","first-page":"425","volume":"7","author":"H Spatz","year":"1934","unstructured":"Spatz H, Stroescu GJ (1934) Zur Anatomie und Pathologie der \u00e4u\u00dferen Liquorr\u00e4ume des Gehirns. Nervenarzt 7: 425\u2013481","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"3_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/51.4.485","volume":"51","author":"JSB Stopford","year":"1928","unstructured":"Stopford JSB (1928) Increased intracranial pressure. Brain 51: 485","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"3_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(86)90085-6","volume":"25","author":"St JN John","year":"1986","unstructured":"St John JN, French BN (1986) Traumatic haematomas of the posterior fossa. Surg Neurol 25: 457\u2013466","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-197707000-00006","volume":"1","author":"J Stovring","year":"1977","unstructured":"Stovring J (1977) Contralateral temporal horn widening in unilateral supratentorial mass lesions: a diagnostic sign indicating tentorial herniation. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1: 319\u2013323","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"3_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.19.3.163","volume":"19","author":"SJ Strich","year":"1956","unstructured":"Strich SJ (1956) Diffuse degeneration of the cerebral white matter in severe dementia following head injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 19: 163\u2013185","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat"},{"key":"3_CR123","first-page":"131","volume":"5","author":"N Sundaresan","year":"1979","unstructured":"Sundaresan N et al (1979) Successful surgical treatment of pontine vascular malformation in a 3-year old. Child\u2019s Brain 5: 131\u2013136","journal-title":"Child\u2019s Brain"},{"key":"3_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(82)90395-0","volume":"18","author":"K Tabaddor","year":"1982","unstructured":"Tabaddor K, Danziger A, Wisoff HS (1982) Estimation of intracranial pressure by CT-scan in closed head trauma. Surg Neurol 18: 212\u2013215","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR125","first-page":"81","volume":"2","author":"G Teasdale","year":"1974","unstructured":"Teasdale G, Jennet B (1974) Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. A practical scale. Lancet 2: 81\u201383","journal-title":"A practical scale. Lancet"},{"key":"3_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1953.02320260066005","volume":"69","author":"K Teilmann","year":"1953","unstructured":"Teilmann K (1953) Haemangiomas of the pons. Arch Neurol Psychiat 69: 208\u2013223","journal-title":"Arch Neurol Psychiat"},{"key":"3_CR127","first-page":"223","volume":"24","author":"DE Tomaszek","year":"1985","unstructured":"Tomaszek DE, Rosner MJ (1985) Cerebellar infarction. Analysis of twenty-one cases. Surg Neurol 24: 223\u2013226","journal-title":"Analysis of twenty-one cases. Surg Neurol"},{"key":"3_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1984.61.4.0691","volume":"61","author":"SA Toutant","year":"1984","unstructured":"Toutant SA, Klauber MR et al (1984) Absent or compressed basal cisterns on first CT-scan: ominous predictors of outcome in severe head injury. J Neurosurg 61: 691\u2013694","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"3_CR129","first-page":"717","volume":"134","author":"FY Tsai","year":"1980","unstructured":"Tsai FY et al (1980) CT on brain stem injury. JNR 134: 717\u2013723","journal-title":"JNR"},{"key":"3_CR130","first-page":"149","volume":"3","author":"FY Tsai","year":"1982","unstructured":"Tsai FY et al (1982) Computed tomography in acute posterior fossa infarcts. AJNR 3: 149\u2013156","journal-title":"AJNR"},{"key":"3_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02076624","volume":"71","author":"FJ Unterharnscheid","year":"1972","unstructured":"Unterharnscheid FJ (1972) Die traumatischen Hirnsch\u00e4den. Mechanogenese, Pathomorphologie und Klinik. Z Rechtsmedizin 71: 153\u2013221","journal-title":"Z Rechtsmedizin"},{"key":"3_CR132","first-page":"1","volume":"16","author":"C Vedrenne","year":"1975","unstructured":"Vedrenne C, Chodkiewicz JP (1975) Les l\u00e9sions du tronc c\u00e9r\u00e9bral chez les traumatis\u00e9s craniens (\u00e9tude anatomique). Agressologie 16: 1\u20138","journal-title":"Agressologie"},{"key":"3_CR133","first-page":"536","volume":"65","author":"C Vincent","year":"1936","unstructured":"Vincent C, David M, Thi\u00e9baut F (1936) Le cone de pression temporal dans les tumeurs des h\u00e9misph\u00e8res c\u00e9r\u00e9braux. Rev Neurol (Paris) 65: 536","journal-title":"Rev Neurol (Paris)"},{"key":"3_CR134","first-page":"43","volume":"5\/1","author":"A Wackenheim","year":"1978","unstructured":"Wackenheim A, Babin E (1978) The midbrain and its displacements in axial computerized tomography. J. Neuroradiol 5\/1: 43\u201356","journal-title":"J. Neuroradiol"},{"key":"3_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1926.02200220066003","volume":"15","author":"G Wilson","year":"1926","unstructured":"Wilson G, Winkelmann NW (1926) Gross pontile bleeding in traumatic and nontraumatic cerebral lesions. Arch Neurol Psychiat 15: 455","journal-title":"Arch Neurol Psychiat"},{"key":"3_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.63.6.0830","volume":"63","author":"E Yoshino","year":"1985","unstructured":"Yoshino E, Yamaki T et al (1985) Acute brain oedema in fatal head injury: analysis by dynamic CT scanning. J Neurosurg 63: 830\u2013839","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"3_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1070010","volume":"107","author":"H Zeumer","year":"1982","unstructured":"Zeumer H, Hacke W et al (1982) Lokale Fibrinolysetherapie bei Basilaris-Thrombose. Dtsch Med Wschr 107: 728\u2013731","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wschr"},{"key":"3_CR138","first-page":"89","volume-title":"Handbook of clinical neurology, vol 6","author":"KJ Z\u00fclch","year":"1974","unstructured":"Z\u00fclch KJ, Mennel HD, Zimmermann V (1974) Intracranial hypertension. In: Vinken PJ, Bruyn GW (eds) Handbook of clinical neurology, vol 6. North Holland Publ Comp, Amsterdam, pp 89\u2013149"}],"container-title":["Primary and Secondary Brain Stem Lesions"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-7091-8941-2_3.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,24]],"date-time":"2023-06-24T20:35:20Z","timestamp":1687638920000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-7091-8941-2_3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1987]]},"ISBN":["9783709189436","9783709189412"],"references-count":138,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-7091-8941-2_3","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1987]]}}}