{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T05:10:09Z","timestamp":1745385009711,"version":"3.40.4"},"publisher-location":"India","reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer India","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9788132210375"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9788132210382"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,4]],"date-time":"2012-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1354579200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,4]],"date-time":"2012-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1354579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-81-322-1038-2_42","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,3]],"date-time":"2012-12-03T20:49:11Z","timestamp":1354567751000},"page":"495-506","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Recognition of Online Handwritten Gurmukhi Strokes Using Support Vector Machine"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Mayank","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nainsi","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rahul","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"42_CR1","unstructured":"Shimeles, A.: Online Handwriting Recognition for Ethiopic characters, Master of Science Thesis, Dept. of Computer Science, Ababa University (2005)."},{"key":"42_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma, A., Sharma, R. and Sharma, R. K.: Online Handwritten Gurmukhi Character Recognition Using Elastic Matching, Congress on Image and Signal Processing, pp. 391-396 (2008).","DOI":"10.1109\/CISP.2008.297"},{"key":"42_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ward, J.R. and Kuklinski, T.: A model for variability effects in handwriting with implications for design of handwriting character recognition systems, IEEE Transactions on systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 438-451 (1988).","DOI":"10.1109\/21.7493"},{"key":"42_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma A.: Online handwritten Gurmukhi character recognition, Ph.D. thesis, School of Mathematics and Computer Applications, Thapar University, Patiala (2009).","DOI":"10.1109\/CISP.2008.297"},{"issue":"12","key":"42_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1109\/34.546262","volume":"18","author":"P. D. Gader","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gader, P. D. and Khabou, A. M.: Automatic feature generation for handwritten digit recognition. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 18(12):1256\u2013 1261 (1996).","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"42_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00013559","volume":"3","author":"S. Jaeger","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jaeger, S., Manke, S., Reichert, J., and Waibel, A.. Online handwriting recognition: the npen\u00a0++\u00a0recognizer. IJDAR, 3:169\u2013180 (2001).","journal-title":"IJDAR"},{"key":"42_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Emami, S. and Usher, M.: Online recognition of handwritten Arabic characters. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 12, no. 7, pp. 704-710 (1990).","DOI":"10.1109\/34.56214"},{"key":"42_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aparna, K.H., Subramanian, V., Kasirajan, M., Prakash, G. V., Chakravarthy, V.S., and Madhvanath, S.: Online handwriting recognition for Tamil. Ninth International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition, pp. 438-443 (2004).","DOI":"10.1109\/IWFHR.2004.80"},{"key":"42_CR9","unstructured":"Beigi, H. S. M., Nathan K., Clary G. J. and Subrahmo, J.: Size normalization in online unconstrained handwriting, IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, vol. 1, pp. 169-173 (1994)."},{"key":"42_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bharath, A. and Sriganesh M.: On the significance of stroke size and position for online handwritten Devanagari word recognition: An empirical study, 20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR), pp. 2033-2036 (2010).","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2010.501"},{"key":"42_CR11","unstructured":"Higgins, C. A. and Ford, D. M.,: On-Line Recognition of Connected and writing by Segmentation and Template Matching, IEEE International Conference on Pattern Recognition, vol. 2, pp. 200-203 (1992)."},{"key":"42_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hosny, I., Abdou, S. and Fahmy, A.: Using advanced hidden markov models for online Arabic handwriting recognition, First Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition, pp.565-569 (2011).","DOI":"10.1109\/ACPR.2011.6166664"},{"key":"42_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, B. Q., Zhang, Y. B. and Kechadi, M. T.: Preprocessing techniques for online handwriting recognition, Seventh International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications, pp. 793-800 (2007).","DOI":"10.1109\/ISDA.2007.31"},{"key":"42_CR14","unstructured":"Yura, K., Hayama, T., Hidai, Y., Minamikawa, T., Tanaka, A. and Masuda, S.: Online recognition of freely handwritten Japanese characters using directional feature densities, 11th IEEE International Conference on Pattern Recognition, vol. 2, pp. 183-186 (1992)."},{"key":"42_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khan, K. U. and Haider I.: Online Recognition of Multi-Stroke Handwritten Urdu Characters, IEEE International Conference on Image Analysis and Signal Processing, pp. 284-290 (2010).","DOI":"10.1109\/IASP.2010.5476113"},{"key":"42_CR16","unstructured":"Kim, M., Park, M. and Kwon, Y. B.: A cursive on-line Hangul recognition system based on the combination of line segments, Second International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, pp. 200-203 (1993)."},{"key":"42_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tappert, C.C. and Suen, C.Y., Wakahara, T.: The state of the art in online handwriting recognition, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 12, no. 8, pp. 787-808 (1990).","DOI":"10.1109\/34.57669"},{"key":"42_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wei, W. and Guanglai, G.: Online handwriting Mongolia words recognition with Recurrent Neural Networks, Fourth International Conference on Computer Sciences and Convergence Information Technology, pp. 165-167 (2009).","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCIT.2009.197"},{"key":"42_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Artieres, T. and Gallinari, P.: Stroke level HMMs for online handwriting recognition. Proceedings of IWFHR, pp. 227-232 (2002).","DOI":"10.1109\/IWFHR.2002.1030914"},{"key":"42_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Basu, M., Bunke, H. and Bimbo, A. D.: Guest editors\u2019 introduction to the special section on syntactic and structural pattern recognition, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 27, no. 7, pp. 1009-1012 (2005).","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2005.141"},{"key":"42_CR21","unstructured":"Bontempi, B. and Marcelli, A.: A genetic learning system for on-line character recognition, Proceedings of 12th IAPR International Conference on Pattern Recognition, vol. 2, pp. 83-87 (1995)."},{"key":"42_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brakensiek, A., Kosmala, A., and Rigoll G.: Evaluation of Confidence Measures for On-Line Handwriting Recognition, Springer-Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 507\u2013514 (2002).","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45783-6_61"},{"key":"42_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brown M. K. and Ganapathy S.: Preprocessing techniques for cursive script word recognition, Pattern Recognition, vol. 16, pp. 447-458 (1983).","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(83)90049-3"},{"key":"42_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chan, K. F. and Yeung, D. Y.: Recognizing on-line handwritten alphanumeric characters through flexible structural matching, Pattern Recognition, vol. 32, no. 7, pp. 1099-1114 (1999).","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(98)00155-1"},{"key":"42_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cho, S.: Neural-network classifiers for recognizing totally unconstrained handwritten numerals, IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 43-53 (1997).","DOI":"10.1109\/72.554190"},{"key":"42_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Connell, S. D. and Jain A. K.: Template-based online character recognition, Pattern Recognition, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 1-14 (2001).","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00197-1"},{"key":"42_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Connell, S. D. and Jain, A. K.: Writer adaptation for online handwriting recognition, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 329-346 (2002).","DOI":"10.1109\/34.990135"},{"key":"42_CR28","unstructured":"Duneau, L. and Dorizzi, B.: Online cursive script recognition: a system that adapts to an unknown user, Proceedings of International Conference on Pattern Recognition, vol. 2, pp. 24-28 (1994)."},{"key":"42_CR29","unstructured":"Shimodaira, H., Sudo, T., Nakai, M., Sagayama, S.: Online overlaid-handwriting recognition based on substroke HMMs, Proceedings of International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, pp. 1043-1047 (2003)."},{"key":"42_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shintani, H., Akutagawa, M., Nagashino, H., Kinouchi, Y.: Recognition mechanism of a neural network for character recognition, Proceedings of Engineering in Medicine and Biology 27th Annual Conference, pp. 6540-6543 (2005).","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2005.1615998"},{"key":"42_CR31","unstructured":"Shu, H.: On-Line Handwriting Recognition Using Hidden Markov Models, M.E. Thesis, Electrical Engineering and computer Science Department, MIT, Massachusetts (1996)."},{"key":"42_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spitz, A.L.: Shape-based word recognition, International Journal of Document Analysis and Recognition, vol. 1, pp. 178-190 (1999).","DOI":"10.1007\/s100320050017"},{"key":"42_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suen, C. Y., Berthod, M., and Mori, S.: Automatic Recognition of Hand printed Character-the State of the Art, Proceedings of IEEE, vol. 68, no. 4, pp. 469-487 (1980).","DOI":"10.1109\/PROC.1980.11675"},{"key":"42_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Veltman, S. R. and Prasad, R.: Hidden Markov Models applied to online handwritten isolated character recognition, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 314-318 (1994).","DOI":"10.1109\/83.287027"},{"key":"42_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wakahara, T. and Odaka, K.: Online cursive kanji character recognition using stroke-based affine transformation. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 19, no. 12, pp. 1381-1385 (1997).","DOI":"10.1109\/34.643898"},{"key":"42_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ward, J.R. and Kuklinski, T.: A model for variability effects in handwriting with implications for design of handwriting character recognition systems, IEEE Transactions on systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 438-451 (1988).","DOI":"10.1109\/21.7493"},{"key":"42_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, J., Gan, Q., Krzyzak, K., Suen, C.Y.: Recognition of handwritten numerals by quantum neural network with fuzzy features, International Journal of Document Analysis and Recognition, vol. 2, pp. 30-36 (1999).","DOI":"10.1007\/s100320050034"}],"container-title":["Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing","Proceedings of Seventh International Conference on Bio-Inspired Computing: Theories and Applications (BIC-TA 2012)"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-81-322-1038-2_42","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T04:28:57Z","timestamp":1745382537000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-81-322-1038-2_42"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,4]]},"ISBN":["9788132210375","9788132210382"],"references-count":37,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-81-322-1038-2_42","relation":{},"ISSN":["2194-5357","2194-5365"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2194-5357"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2194-5365"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 December 2012","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}}]}}