{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T16:56:09Z","timestamp":1791305769326,"version":"4.3.1"},"publisher-location":"Dordrecht","reference-count":136,"publisher":"Springer Netherlands","isbn-type":[{"value":"9789400743144","type":"print"},{"value":"9789400743151","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-4315-1_4","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,18]],"date-time":"2012-06-18T11:57:45Z","timestamp":1340020665000},"page":"65-90","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Lipopolysaccharide of Coxiella burnetii"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Craig T.","family":"Narasaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rudolf","family":"Toman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"4_CR1","first-page":"167","volume":"7","author":"C Alexander","year":"2001","unstructured":"Alexander C, Rietschel ET (2001) Bacterial lipopolysaccharides and innate immunity. J Endotoxin Res 7:167\u2013202","journal-title":"J Endotoxin Res"},{"key":"4_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0882-4010(91)90065-I","volume":"10","author":"A Al-Hendy","year":"1991","unstructured":"Al-Hendy A, Toivanen P, Skurnik M (1991) Expression cloning of Yersinia enterocolitica O:3 rfb gene cluster in Escherichia coli K12. Microb Pathog 10:47\u201359","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"4_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.160.3.994-1002.1984","volume":"160","author":"K Amano","year":"1984","unstructured":"Amano K, Williams JC (1984) Chemical and immunological characterization of lipopolysaccharides from phase I and phase II Coxiella burnetii. J Bacteriol 160:994\u20131002","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"4_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4740","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)61258-X","volume":"262","author":"K Amano","year":"1987","unstructured":"Amano K, Williams JC, Missler SR et al (1987) Structure and biological relationships of Coxiella burnetii lipopolysaccharides. J Biol Chem 262:4740\u20134747","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)38825-8","volume":"265","author":"H Aschauer","year":"1990","unstructured":"Aschauer H, Grob A, Hildebrandt J et al (1990) Highly purified lipid X is devoid of immunostimulatory activity. Isolation and characterization of immunostimulating contaminants in a batch of synthetic lipid X. J Biol Chem 265:9159\u20139164","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3171","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.5.3171","volume":"179","author":"AA Awomoyi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Awomoyi AA, Rallabhandi P, Pollin TI et al (2007) Association of TLR4 polymorphisms with asymptomatic respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk infants and young children. J Immunol 179:3171\u20133177","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"4_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1139\/m80-141","volume":"26","author":"OG Baca","year":"1980","unstructured":"Baca OG, Martinez IL, Aragon AS et al (1980) Isolation and partial characterization of a lipopolysaccharide from phase II Coxiella burnetii. Can J Microbiol 26:819\u2013826","journal-title":"Can J Microbiol"},{"key":"4_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3894","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.173.12.3894-3900.1991","volume":"173","author":"M Bisercic","year":"1991","unstructured":"Bisercic M, Feutrier JY, Reeves PR (1991) Nucleotide sequences of the gnd genes from nine natural isolates of Escherichia coli: evidence of intragenic recombination as a contributing factor in the evolution of the polymorphic gnd locus. J Bacteriol 173:3894\u20133900","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"4_CR9","unstructured":"Bowen RA (2008) Protein hydrophobicity plots. http:\/\/www.vivo.colostate.edu\/molkit\/hydropathy\/index.html"},{"key":"4_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.3.1435","volume":"168","author":"Y Bulut","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bulut Y, Faure E, Thomas L et al (2002) Chlamydial heat shock protein 60 activates macrophages and endothelial cells through Toll-like receptor 4 and MD2 in a MyD88-dependent pathway. J Immunol 168:1435\u20131440","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"4_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4244","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.9.4244-4253.1998","volume":"66","author":"SM Burns","year":"1998","unstructured":"Burns SM, Hull SI (1998) Comparison of loss of serum resistance by defined lipopolysaccharide mutants and an acapsular mutant of uropathogenic Escherichia coli O75:K5. Infect Immun 66:4244\u20134253","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.5.1638-1642.1996","volume":"64","author":"C Capo","year":"1996","unstructured":"Capo C, Zugun F, Stein A et al (1996) Upregulation of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 and interleukin-1\u03b2 in Q fever endocarditis. Infect Immun 64:1638\u20131642","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1999.00786.x","volume":"115","author":"C Capo","year":"1999","unstructured":"Capo C, Amirayan N, Ghigo E et al (1999) Circulating cytokine balance and activation markers of leucocytes in Q fever. Clin Exp Immunol 115:120\u2013123","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"4_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(00)01720-8","volume":"477","author":"M Caroff","year":"2000","unstructured":"Caroff M, Brisson JR, Martin A et al (2000) Structure of the Bordetella pertussis 1414 endotoxin. FEBS Lett 477:8\u201314","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"4_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5579","DOI":"10.1021\/bi602633n","volume":"46","author":"MM Chen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chen MM, Glover KJ, Imperiali B (2007) From peptide to protein: comparative analysis of the substrate specificity of N-linked glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni. Biochemistry 46:5579\u20135585","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"4_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35709","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M404738200","volume":"279","author":"BR Clarke","year":"2004","unstructured":"Clarke BR, Cuthbertson L, Whitfield C (2004) Nonreducing terminal modifications determine the chain length of polymannose O-antigens of Escherichia coli and couple chain termination to polymer export via an ATP-binding cassette transporter. J Biol Chem 279:35709\u201335718","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7344","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.21.7344-7352.2004","volume":"186","author":"SA Coleman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Coleman SA, Fischer ER, Howe D et al (2004) Temporal analysis of Coxiella burnetii morphological differentiation. J Bacteriol 186:7344\u20137352","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"4_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00883-06","volume":"75","author":"SA Coleman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Coleman SA, Fischer ER, Cockrell DC et al (2007) Proteome and antigen profiling of Coxiella burnetii developmental forms. Infect Immun 75:290\u2013298","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5041","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.9.5041-5051.2004","volume":"72","author":"RP Darveau","year":"2004","unstructured":"Darveau RP, Pham TT, Lemley K et al (2004) Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide contains multiple lipid A species that functionally interact with both toll-like receptors 2 and 4. Infect Immun 72:5041\u20135051","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2259","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.4.2259","volume":"162","author":"J Dellacasagrande","year":"1999","unstructured":"Dellacasagrande J, Capo C, Raoult D et al (1999) IFN-\u03b3-mediated control of Coxiella burnetii survival in monocytes: the role of cell apoptosis and TNF. J Immunol 162:2259\u20132265","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"4_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.1.160-164.2000","volume":"68","author":"J Dellacasagrande","year":"2000","unstructured":"Dellacasagrande J, Ghigo E, Capo C et al (2000a) Coxiella burnetii survives in monocytes from patients with Q fever endocarditis: involvement of tumor necrosis factor. Infect Immun 68:160\u2013164","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5673","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.10.5673-5678.2000","volume":"68","author":"J Dellacasagrande","year":"2000","unstructured":"Dellacasagrande J, Ghigo E, Machergui-El Hammami S et al (2000b) Alpha(v)beta(3) integrin and bacterial lipopolysaccharide are involved in Coxiella burnetii-stimulated production of tumor necrosis factor by human monocytes. Infect Immun 68:5673\u20135678","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/54.1.61","volume":"54","author":"M Demerec","year":"1966","unstructured":"Demerec M, Adelberg EA, Clark AJ et al (1966) A proposal for a uniform nomenclature in bacterial genetics. Genetics 54:61\u201376","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"4_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2006.00544.x","volume":"267","author":"AM Denison","year":"2007","unstructured":"Denison AM, Massung RF, Thompson HA (2007) Analysis of the O-antigen biosynthesis regions of phase II isolates of Coxiella burnetii. FEMS Microbiol Lett 267:102\u2013107","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"4_CR25","first-page":"181","volume":"42","author":"QM Diaz","year":"1998","unstructured":"Diaz QM, Lukacova M (1998) Immunological consequences of Coxiella burnetii phase variation. Acta Virol 42:181\u2013185","journal-title":"Acta Virol"},{"key":"4_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1995.1103","volume":"316","author":"SB Dotson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Dotson SB, Rush JS, Ricketts AD et al (1995) Mannosylphosphoryldolichol-mediated O-mannosylation of yeast glycoproteins: stereospecificity and recognition of the alpha-isoprene unit by a purified mannosyltransferase. Arch Biochem Biophys 316:773\u2013779","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"4_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.07.010","volume":"72","author":"SL Doyle","year":"2006","unstructured":"Doyle SL, O\u2019 Neill LA (2006) Toll-like receptors from the discovery of NF-\u03c7B to new insights into transcriptional regulations in innate imunity. Biochem Pharmacol 72:1102\u20131113","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"4_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1994.1070","volume":"308","author":"C D\u2019Souza-Schorey","year":"1994","unstructured":"D\u2019Souza-Schorey C, McLachlan KR, Krag SS et al (1994) Mammalian glycosyltransferases prefer glycosyl phosphoryl dolichols rather than glycosyl phosphoryl polyprenols as substrates for oligosaccharyl synthesis. Arch Biochem Biophys 308:497\u2013503","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"4_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1251\/bpo123","volume":"8","author":"JR Emmerson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Emmerson JR, Gally DL, Roe AJ (2006) Generation of gene deletions and gene replacements in Escherichia coli O157:H7 using a temperature sensitive allelic exchange system. Biol Proced Online 8:153\u2013162","journal-title":"Biol Proced Online"},{"key":"4_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(02)01604-0","volume":"4","author":"C Erridge","year":"2002","unstructured":"Erridge C, Bennett-Guerrero E, Poxton IR (2002) Structure and function of lipopolysaccharides. Microbes Infect 4:837\u2013851","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"4_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.145.5.1505","volume":"145","author":"LM Flebbe","year":"1990","unstructured":"Flebbe LM, Chapes SK, Morrison DC (1990) Activation of C3H\/HeJ macrophage tumoricidal activity and cytokine release by R-chemotype lipopolysaccharide preparations. J Immunol 145:505\u2013514","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"4_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1177\/09680519000060050701","volume":"6","author":"P Ftacek","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ftacek P, Skultety L, Toman R (2000) Phase variation of Coxiella burnetii strain Priscilla: influence of this phenomenon on biochemical features of its lipopolysaccharide. J Endotoxin Res 6:369\u2013376","journal-title":"J Endotoxin Res"},{"key":"4_CR33","first-page":"339","volume":"38","author":"E Gajdosova","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gajdosova E, Kovacova E, Toman R et al (1994) Immunogenicity of Coxiella burnetii whole cells and their outer membrane components. Acta Virol 38:339\u2013344","journal-title":"Acta Virol"},{"key":"4_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.00212","volume":"116","author":"R Girard","year":"2003","unstructured":"Girard R, Pedron T, Uematsu S et al (2003) Lipopolysaccharides from Legionella and Rhizobium stimulate mouse bone marrow granulocytes via toll-like receptor 2. J Cell Sci 116:293\u2013302","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"4_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19490","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)55023-7","volume":"266","author":"DT Golenbock","year":"1991","unstructured":"Golenbock DT, Hampton RY, Qureshi N et al (1991) Lipid A-like molecules that antagonize the effects of endotoxins on human monocytes. J Biol Chem 266:19490\u201319498","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1409.006","volume":"1105","author":"JS Gunn","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gunn JS, Ernst RK (2007) The structure and function of Francisella lipopolysaccharide. Ann NY Acad Sci 1105:202\u2013218","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"4_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.52.1.337-340.1986","volume":"52","author":"T Hackstadt","year":"1986","unstructured":"Hackstadt T (1986) Antigenic variation in the phase I lipopolysaccharide of Coxiella burnetii isolates. Infect Immun 52:337\u2013340","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.48.2.359-365.1985","volume":"48","author":"T Hackstadt","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hackstadt T, Peacock MG, Hitchcock PJ et al (1985) Lipopolysaccharide variation in Coxiella burnetii: intrastrain heterogeneity in structure and antigenicity. Infect Immun 48:359\u2013365","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.1.15","volume":"166","author":"AM Hajjar","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hajjar AM, O\u2019Mahony DS, Ozinsky A et al (2001) Cutting edge: functional interactions between toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR1 or TLR6 in response to phenol-soluble modulin. J Immunol 166:15\u201319","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"4_CR40","first-page":"305","volume-title":"Endotoxin in health and disease","author":"DE Heinrichs","year":"1999","unstructured":"Heinrichs DE, Whitfield C, Valvano MA (1999) Biosynthesis and genetics of lipopolysaccharide core. In: Brade H, Opal SM, Vogel SN, Morrison DC (eds) Endotoxin in health and disease. Marcel Dekker, New York\/Basel, pp 305\u2013330"},{"key":"4_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5049","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.178.16.5049-5052.1996","volume":"178","author":"RA Heinzen","year":"1996","unstructured":"Heinzen RA, Hackstadt T (1996) A developmental stage-specific histone H1 homolog of Coxiella burnetii. J Bacteriol 178:5049\u20135052","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"4_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800058131","volume":"115","author":"JH Helbig","year":"1995","unstructured":"Helbig JH, Luck PC, Knirel YA et al (1995) Molecular characterization of a virulence-associated epitope on the lipopolysaccharide of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1. Epidemiol Infect 115:71\u201378","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"4_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.3.1477-1482.2001","volume":"69","author":"M Hirschfeld","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hirschfeld M, Weiss JJ, Toshchakov V et al (2001) Signaling by toll-like receptor 2 and 4 agonists results in differential gene expression in murine macrophages. Infect Immun 69:1477\u20131482","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01071.x","volume":"12","author":"M Hobbs","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hobbs M, Reeves PR (1994) The JUMPstart sequence: a 39 bp element common to several polysaccharide gene clusters. Mol Microbiol 12:855\u2013856","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"4_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbi.2007.07.003","volume":"17","author":"K Hollenstein","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hollenstein K, Dawson RJ, Locher KP (2007) Structure and mechanism of ABC transporter proteins. Curr Opin Struct Biol 17:412\u2013418","journal-title":"Curr Opin Struct Biol"},{"key":"4_CR46","first-page":"115","volume-title":"Endotoxin in health and disease","author":"O Holst","year":"1999","unstructured":"Holst O (1999) Chemical structure of the core region of lipopolysaccharides. In: Brade H, Opal SM, Vogel SN, Morrison DC (eds) Endotoxin in health and disease. Marcel Dekker, New York\/Basel, pp 115\u2013154"},{"key":"4_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3695","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.6.3695","volume":"172","author":"A Honstettre","year":"2004","unstructured":"Honstettre A, Ghigo E, Moynnault A et al (2004) Lipopolysaccharide from Coxiella burnetii is involved in bacterial phagocytosis, filamentous actin reorganization, and inflammatory responses through toll-like receptor 4. J Immunol 172:3695\u20133703","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"4_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6726","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.12.6726-2733.2002","volume":"70","author":"TA Hoover","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hoover TA, Culp DW, Vodkin MH et al (2002) Chromosomal DNA deletions explain phenotypic characteristics of two antigenic variants, phase II and RSA 514 (Crazy), of the Coxiella burnetii nine mile strain. Infect Immun 70:6726\u20136733","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR49","first-page":"173","volume":"45","author":"A Hussein","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hussein A, Kovacova E, Toman R (2001) Isolation and evaluation of Coxiella burnetii O-polysaccharide antigen as immunodiagnostic reagent. Acta Virol 45:173\u2013180","journal-title":"Acta Virol"},{"key":"4_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2004.07.010","volume":"114","author":"MP Jimenez de Bagues","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jimenez de Bagues MP, Gross A, Terraza A et al (2005) Cellular bioterrorism: how Brucella corrupts macrophage physiology to promote invasion and proliferation. Clin Immunol 114:227\u2013238","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"4_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.42.100188.001221","volume":"42","author":"KA Joiner","year":"1988","unstructured":"Joiner KA (1988) Complement evasion by bacteria and parasites. Ann Rev Microbiol 42:201\u2013230","journal-title":"Ann Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"4_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1443.020","volume":"1143","author":"T Kawai","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kawai T, Akira S (2008) Toll-like receptor and RIG-I-like receptor signaling. Ann NY Acad Sci 1143:1\u201320","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"4_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10508","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00200a036","volume":"33","author":"EL Kean","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kean EL, Rush JS, Waechter CJ (1994) Activation of GlcNAc-P-P-dolichol synthesis by mannosylphosphoryldolichol is stereospecific and requires a saturated alpha-isoprene unit. Biochemistry 33:10508\u201310512","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"4_CR54","first-page":"331","volume-title":"Endotoxin in health and disease","author":"WJ Keenleyside","year":"1999","unstructured":"Keenleyside WJ, Whitfield C (1999) Genetics and biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide O-antigens. In: Brade H, Opal SM, Vogel SN, Morrison DC (eds) Endotoxin in health and disease. Marcel Dekker, New York\/Basel, pp 331\u2013358"},{"key":"4_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425909106436","volume":"15","author":"JD King","year":"2009","unstructured":"King JD, Kocincova D, Westman EL et al (2009) Review: lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Innate Immun 15:261\u2013312","journal-title":"Innate Immun"},{"key":"4_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18734.x","volume":"221","author":"YA Knirel","year":"1994","unstructured":"Knirel YA, Rietschel ET, Marre R et al (1994) The structure of the O-specific chain of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 lipopolysaccharide. Eur J Biochem 221:239\u2013245","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"4_CR57","first-page":"93","volume":"50","author":"M Kubes","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kubes M, Kuzmova Z, Gajdosova E et al (2006) Induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha in murine macrophages with various strains of Coxiella burnetii and their lipopolysaccharides. Acta Virol 50:93\u201399","journal-title":"Acta Virol"},{"key":"4_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33419","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.47.33419","volume":"274","author":"E Lien","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lien E, Sellati TJ, Yoshimura A et al (1999) Toll-like receptor 2 functions as a pattern recognition receptor for diverse bacterial products. J Biol Chem 274:33419\u201333425","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00237-9","volume":"104","author":"RM Locksley","year":"2001","unstructured":"Locksley RM, Killeen N, Lenardo MJ (2001) The TNF and TNF receptor superfamilies: integrating mammalian biology. Cell 104:487\u2013501","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"4_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6398","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.11.6398-6401.2000","volume":"68","author":"E Lorenz","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lorenz E, Mira JP, Cornish KL et al (2000) A novel polymorphism in the toll-like receptor 2 gene and its potential association with staphylococcal infection. Infect Immun 68:6398\u20136401","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2008.01.006","volume":"42","author":"YC Lu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lu YC, Yeh WC, Ohashi PS (2008) LPS\/TLR4 signal transduction pathway. Cytokine 42:145\u2013151","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"4_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1078\/1438-4221-00140","volume":"291","author":"PC Luck","year":"2001","unstructured":"Luck PC, Freier T, Steudel C et al (2001) Point mutation in the active site of Legionella pneumophila O-acetyltransferase results in modified lipopolysaccharide but does not influence virulence. Int J Med Microbiol 291:345\u2013352","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"4_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.1.49","volume":"188","author":"E Luneberg","year":"1998","unstructured":"Luneberg E, Zahringer U, Knirel YA et al (1998) Phase-variable expression of lipopolysaccharide contributes to the virulence of Legionella pneumophila. J Exp Med 188:49\u201360","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"4_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S1438-4221(00)80104-6","volume":"290","author":"E Luneberg","year":"2000","unstructured":"Luneberg E, Zetzmann N, Alber D et al (2000) Cloning and functional characterization of a 30 kb gene locus required for lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis in Legionella pneumophila. Int J Med Microbiol 290:37\u201349","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"4_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2001.02314.x","volume":"39","author":"E Luneberg","year":"2001","unstructured":"Luneberg E, Mayer B, Daryab N et al (2001) Chromosomal insertion and excision of a 30 kb unstable genetic element is responsible for phase variation of lipopolysaccharide and other virulence determinants in Legionella pneumophila. Mol Microbiol 39:1259\u20131271","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"4_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0435928100","volume":"100","author":"R Malley","year":"2003","unstructured":"Malley R, Hennecke P, Morse SC et al (2003) Recognition of pneumolysin by toll-like receptor 4 confers resistance to pneumococcal infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:1966\u20131971","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"4_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(96)00369-X","volume":"8","author":"TJ Marrie","year":"1997","unstructured":"Marrie TJ, Raoult D (1997) Q fever \u2013 a review and issues for the next century. J Antimicrob Agents 8:145\u2013161","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"4_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-1663-3_20","volume":"228","author":"H Mayer","year":"1988","unstructured":"Mayer H, Radziejewska-Lebrecht J, Schramek S (1988) Chemical and immunochemical studies on lipopolysaccharides of Coxiella burnetii phase I and phase II. Adv Exp Med Biol 228:577\u2013591","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"4_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3243","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.59.9.3243-3253.1991","volume":"59","author":"TF McCaul","year":"1991","unstructured":"McCaul TF, Banerjee-Bhatnagar N, Williams JC (1991) Antigenic differences between Coxiella burnetii cells revealed by postembedding immunoelectron microscopy and immunoblotting. Infect Immun 59:3243\u20133253","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)39781-9","volume":"35","author":"KR McLachlan","year":"1994","unstructured":"McLachlan KR, Krag SS (1994) Three enzymes involved in oligosaccharide-lipid assembly in Chinese hamster ovary cells differ in lipid substrate preference. J Lipid Res 35:1861\u20131868","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"4_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1355.025","volume":"1063","author":"S Meghari","year":"2005","unstructured":"Meghari S, Honstettre A, Lepidi H et al (2005) TLR2 is necessary to inflammatory response in Coxiella burnetii infection. Ann NY Acad Sci 1063:161\u2013166","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"4_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1991.tb16036.x","volume":"198","author":"AP Moran","year":"1991","unstructured":"Moran AP, Z\u00e4hringer U, Seydel U et al (1991) Structural analysis of the lipid A component of Campylobacter jejuni CCUG 10936 (serotype O:2) lipopolysaccharide. Description of a lipid A containing a hybrid backbone of 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose and 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxy-D-glucose. Eur J Biochem 198:459\u2013469","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"4_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1086\/593069","volume":"198","author":"G Nagy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nagy G, Palkovics T, Otto A et al (2008) \u201cGently rough\u201d: the vaccine potential of a Salmonella enterica regulatory lipopolysaccharide mutant. J Infect Dis 198:1699\u20131706","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"4_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25514","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025514","volume":"6","author":"CT Narasaki","year":"2011","unstructured":"Narasaki CT, Mertens K, Samuel JE (2011) Characterization of the GDP-D-mannose biosynthesis pathway in Coxiella burnetii: the initial steps for GDP-\u03b2-D-virenose biosynthesis. PLoS One 6(10):e25514","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"4_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10227","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.21.10227","volume":"91","author":"K Nelson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Nelson K, Selander RK (1994) Intergeneric transfer and recombination of the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase gene (gnd) in enteric bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:10227\u201310231","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"4_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.1.435-445.2001","volume":"69","author":"J Nesper","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nesper J, Lauriano CM, Klose KE et al (2001) Characterization of Vibrio cholerae O1 El tor galU and galE mutants: influence on lipopolysaccharide structure, colonization, and biofilm formation. Infect Immun 69:435\u2013445","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2005.11.012","volume":"18","author":"LA O\u2019Neill","year":"2006","unstructured":"O\u2019Neill LA (2006) How toll-like receptors signal: what we know and what we don\u2019t know. Curr Opin Immunol 18:3\u20139","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"4_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2008.02218.x","volume":"15","author":"K Palkovicova","year":"2009","unstructured":"Palkovicova K, Ihnatko R, Vadovic P et al (2009) A monoclonal antibody specific for a unique biomarker virenose in a lipopolysaccharide of Coxiella burnetii. Clin Microbiol Infect 15:183\u2013184","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"4_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2008.02219.x","volume":"15","author":"L Pretat","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pretat L, Toman R, Vadovic P et al (2009) Intracellular trafficking of the Coxiella burnetii lipopolysaccharide. Clin Microbiol Infect 15:185\u2013187","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"4_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.71.110601.135414","volume":"71","author":"CR Raetz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Raetz CR, Whitfield C (2002) Lipopolysaccharide endotoxins. Ann Rev Biochem 71:635\u2013700","journal-title":"Ann Rev Biochem"},{"key":"4_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(97)82912-5","volume":"4","author":"PR Reeves","year":"1996","unstructured":"Reeves PR, Hobbs M, Valvano MA et al (1996) Bacterial polysaccharide synthesis and gene nomenclature. Trends Microbiol 4:495\u2013503","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"4_CR82","first-page":"25","volume":"231","author":"ET Rietschel","year":"1987","unstructured":"Rietschel ET, Brade H, Brade L et al (1987) Lipid A, the endotoxic centre of bacterial lipopolysaccharides: relation of chemical structure to biological activity. Prog Clin Biol Res 231:25\u201353","journal-title":"Prog Clin Biol Res"},{"key":"4_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0171-2985(11)80338-4","volume":"187","author":"ET Rietschel","year":"1993","unstructured":"Rietschel ET, Kirikae T, Schade U et al (1993) The chemical structure of bacterial endotoxin in relation to bioactivity. Immunobiology 187:169\u2013190","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"4_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.63.3.523-553.1999","volume":"63","author":"HL Rocchetta","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rocchetta HL, Burrows LL, Lam JS (1999) Genetics of O-antigen biosynthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 63:523\u2013553","journal-title":"Microbiol Mol Biol Rev"},{"key":"4_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10874.x","volume":"204","author":"G Rojas","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rojas G, Saldias S, Bittner M et al (2001) The rfaH gene, which affects lipopolysaccharide synthesis in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, is differentially expressed during the bacterial growth phase. FEMS Microbiol Lett 204:123\u2013128","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"4_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13110","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)38626-0","volume":"268","author":"JS Rush","year":"1993","unstructured":"Rush JS, Shelling JG, Zingg NS et al (1993) Mannosylphosphoryldolichol-mediated reactions in oligosaccharide-P-P-dolichol biosynthesis. Recognition of the saturated alpha-isoprene unit of the mannosyl donor by pig brain mannosyltransferases. J Biol Chem 268:13110\u201313117","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/7.2.315","volume":"7","author":"JS Rush","year":"1997","unstructured":"Rush JS, Rick PD, Waechter CJ (1997) Polyisoprenyl phosphate specificity of UDP-GlcNAc: undecaprenyl phosphate N-acetylglucosaminyl 1-P transferase from E.coli. Glycobiology 7:315\u2013322","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"key":"4_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.061630","volume":"285","author":"JS Rush","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rush JS, Alaimo C, Robbiani R et al (2010) A novel epimerase that converts GlcNAc-P-P-undecaprenol to GalNAc-P-P-undecaprenol in Escherichia coli O157. J Biol Chem 285:1671\u20131680","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2003.07.009","volume":"338","author":"G Samuel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Samuel G, Reeves P (2003) Biosynthesis of O-antigens: genes and pathways involved in nucleotide sugar precursor synthesis and O-antigen assembly. Carbohydr Res 338:2503\u20132519","journal-title":"Carbohydr Res"},{"key":"4_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.1.229-237.1995","volume":"63","author":"RC Sandlin","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sandlin RC, Lampel KA, Keasler SP et al (1995) Avirulence of rough mutants of Shigella flexneri: requirement of O antigen for correct unipolar localization of IcsA in the bacterial outer membrane. Infect Immun 63:229\u2013237","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1996.tb02656.x","volume":"22","author":"RC Sandlin","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sandlin RC, Goldberg MB, Maurelli AT (1996) Effect of O side-chain length and composition on the virulence of Shigella flexneri 2a. Mol Microbiol 22:63\u201373","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"4_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.38.1.53-57.1982","volume":"38","author":"S Schramek","year":"1982","unstructured":"Schramek S, Mayer H (1982) Different sugar composition of lipopolysaccharides isolated from phase I and pure phase II cells of Coxiella burnetii. Infect Immun 38:53\u201357","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1985.tb08861.x","volume":"148","author":"S Schramek","year":"1985","unstructured":"Schramek S, Radziejewska-Lebrecht J, Mayer H (1985) 3-C-branched aldoses in lipopolysaccharide of phase I Coxiella burnetii and their role as immunodominant factors. Eur J Biochem 148:445\u2013461","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"4_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6026","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.11.6026-6033.1999","volume":"67","author":"R Seshadri","year":"1999","unstructured":"Seshadri R, Hendrix LR, Samuel JE (1999) Differential expression of translational elements by life cycle variants of Coxiella burnetii. Infect Immun 67:6026\u20136033","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5455","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0931379100","volume":"100","author":"R Seshadri","year":"2003","unstructured":"Seshadri R, Paulsen IT, Eisen JA et al (2003) Complete genome sequence of the Q-fever pathogen Coxiella burnetii. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:5455\u20135460","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"4_CR96","first-page":"195","volume-title":"Endotoxin in health and disease","author":"U Seydel","year":"1999","unstructured":"Seydel U, Wiese A, Schromm AB et al (1999) A biophysical view on the function and activity of endotoxins. In: Brade H, Opal SM, Vogel SN, Morrison DC (eds) Endotoxin in health and disease. Marcel Dekker, New York\/Basel, pp 195\u2013219"},{"key":"4_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8722","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501863102","volume":"102","author":"JG Shannon","year":"2005","unstructured":"Shannon JG, Howe D, Heinzen RA (2005) Virulent Coxiella burnetii does not activate human dendritic cells: role of lipopolysaccharide as a shielding molecule. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102:8722\u20138727","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"4_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.189.11.1777","volume":"189","author":"R Shimazu","year":"1999","unstructured":"Shimazu R, Akashi S, Ogata H et al (1999) MD-2, a molecule that confers lipopolysaccharide responsiveness on toll-like receptor 4. J Exp Med 189:1777\u20131782","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"4_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0144-8617(97)00246-4","volume":"35","author":"L Skultety","year":"1998","unstructured":"Skultety L, Toman R, Patoprsty V (1998) A comparative study of lipopolysaccharides from two Coxiella burnetii strains considered to be associated with acute and chronic Q fever. Carbohydr Polymers 35:189\u2013194","journal-title":"Carbohydr Polymers"},{"key":"4_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1355.019","volume":"1063","author":"L Skultety","year":"2005","unstructured":"Skultety L, Hernychova L, Toman R et al (2005) Coxiella burnetii whole cell lysate protein identification by mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry. Ann NY Acad Sci 1063:115\u2013122","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"4_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/0966-842X(93)90130-J","volume":"1","author":"M Skurnik","year":"1993","unstructured":"Skurnik M, Toivanen P (1993) Yersinia enterocolitica lipopolysaccharide: genetics and virulence. Trends Microbiol 1:148\u2013152","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"4_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07419.x","volume":"990","author":"K Slaba","year":"2003","unstructured":"Slaba K, Hussein A, Palkovic P et al (2003) Studies on immunological role of virenose and dihydrohydroxystreptose present in the Coxiella burnetii phase I lipopolysaccharide. Ann NY Acad Sci 990:505\u2013509","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"4_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1139\/m56-036","volume":"2","author":"MG Stoker","year":"1956","unstructured":"Stoker MG, Fiset P (1956) Phase variation of the Nine Mile and other strains of Rickettsia burneti. Can J Microbiol 2:310\u2013321","journal-title":"Can J Microbiol"},{"key":"4_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(98)00407-7","volume":"223","author":"UH Stroeher","year":"1998","unstructured":"Stroeher UH, Jedani KE, Manning PA (1998) Genetic organization of the regions associated with surface polysaccharide synthesis in Vibrio cholerae O1, O139 and Vibrio anguillarum O1 and O2: a review. Gene 223:269\u2013282","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"4_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2005.00036.x","volume":"254","author":"S Svraka","year":"2006","unstructured":"Svraka S, Toman R, Skultety L et al (2006) Establishment of a genotyping scheme for Coxiella burnetii. FEMS Microbiol Lett 254:268\u2013274","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"4_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-711X(92)90386-F","volume":"24","author":"A Szkopinska","year":"1992","unstructured":"Szkopinska A, Swiezewska E, Chojnacki T (1992) On the specificity of dolichol kinase and DolPMan synthase towards isoprenoid alcohols of different chain length in rat liver micro-somal membrane. Int J Biochem 24:1151\u20131157","journal-title":"Int J Biochem"},{"key":"4_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxh186","volume":"17","author":"K Takeda","year":"2005","unstructured":"Takeda K, Akira S (2005) Toll-like receptors in innate immunity. Int Immunol 17:1\u201314","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"4_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07441.x","volume":"990","author":"HA Thompson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Thompson HA, Hoover TA, Vodkin MH et al (2003) Do chromosomal deletions in the lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic regions explain all cases of phase variation in Coxiella burnetii strains? An update. Ann NY Acad Sci 990:664\u2013670","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"4_CR109","first-page":"224","volume":"35","author":"R Toman","year":"1991","unstructured":"Toman R (1991) Basic structural features of a lipopolysaccharide from the Coxiella burnetii strain Nine Mile in the virulent phase I. Acta Virol 35:224","journal-title":"Acta Virol"},{"key":"4_CR110","first-page":"531","volume":"35","author":"R Toman","year":"1991","unstructured":"Toman R, Kazar J (1991) Evidence for the structural heterogeneity of the polysaccharide component of Coxiella burnetii strain Nine Mile lipopolysaccharide. Acta Virol 35:531\u2013537","journal-title":"Acta Virol"},{"key":"4_CR111","first-page":"241","volume":"38","author":"R Toman","year":"1994","unstructured":"Toman R, Skultety L (1994) Analysis of the 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid region in a lipopolysaccharide isolated from Coxiella burnetii strain Nine Mile in phase II. Acta Virol 38:241\u2013243","journal-title":"Acta Virol"},{"key":"4_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-6215(96)87610-5","volume":"283","author":"R Toman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Toman R, Skultety L (1996) Structural study on a lipopolysaccharide from Coxiella burnetii strain Nine Mile in avirulent phase II. Carbohydr Res 283:175\u2013185","journal-title":"Carbohydr Res"},{"key":"4_CR113","first-page":"196","volume":"37","author":"R Toman","year":"1993","unstructured":"Toman R, Skultety L, Kazar J (1993) On the determination of \u201cKdo-like substance\u201d in the lipopolysaccharide from Coxiella burnetii strain Nine Mile in phase II. Acta Virol 37:196\u2013198","journal-title":"Acta Virol"},{"key":"4_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6215(97)10037-4","volume":"306","author":"R Toman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Toman R, Skultety L, Ftacek P et al (1998) NMR study of virenose and dihydrohydroxystreptose isolated from Coxiella burnetii phase I lipopolysaccharide. Carbohydr Res 306:291\u2013296","journal-title":"Carbohydr Res"},{"key":"4_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07427.x","volume":"990","author":"R Toman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Toman R, Hussein A, Palkovic P et al (2003a) Structural properties of lipopolysaccharides from Coxiella burnetii strains Henzerling and S. Ann NY Acad Sci 990:563\u2013567","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"4_CR116","first-page":"129","volume":"47","author":"R Toman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Toman R, Hussein A, Slaba K et al (2003b) Further structural characteristics of the lipopolysaccharide from Coxiella burnetii strain Nine Mile in low virulent phase II. Acta Virol 47:129\u2013130","journal-title":"Acta Virol"},{"key":"4_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2091-5-1","volume":"5","author":"R Toman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Toman R, Garidel P, Andra J et al (2004) Physicochemical characterization of the endotoxins from Coxiella burnetii strain Priscilla in relation to their bioactivities. BMC Biochem 5:1 http:\/\/www.biomedcentral.com\/1471-2091\/5\/1","journal-title":"BMC Biochem"},{"key":"4_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.04512.x","volume":"1166","author":"R Toman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Toman R, Skultety L, Ihnatko R (2009) Coxiella burnetii glycomics and proteomics \u2013 tools for linking structure to function. Ann NY Acad Sci 1166:67\u201378","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"4_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1039\/a804431g","volume":"16","author":"A Trefzer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Trefzer A, Salas JA, Bechthold A (1999) Genes and enzymes involved in deoxysugar biosynthesis in bacteria. Nat Prod Rep 16:283\u2013299","journal-title":"Nat Prod Rep"},{"key":"4_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(99)00023-9","volume":"68","author":"E Tujulin","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tujulin E, Lilliehook B, Macellaro A et al (1999) Early cytokine induction in mouse P388D1 macrophages infected by Coxiella burnetii. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 68:159\u2013168","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"4_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3309","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.60.8.3309-3314.1992","volume":"60","author":"AJ Ulmer","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ulmer AJ, Heine H, Feist W et al (1992) Biological activity of synthetic phosphono-oxyethyl analogues of lipid A and lipid A partial structures. Infect Immun 60:3309\u20133314","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1355.023","volume":"1063","author":"P Vadovic","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vadovic P, Slaba K, Fodorova M et al (2005) Structural and functional characterization of the glycan antigens involved in immunobiology of Q fever. Ann NY Acad Sci 1063:149\u2013153","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"4_CR123","first-page":"249","volume":"51","author":"P Vadovic","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vadovic P, Fodorova M, Toman R (2007) Structural studies of lipid A of Piscirickettisa salmonis, the etiological agent of the salmonid rickettsial septicemia. Acta Virol 51:249\u2013259","journal-title":"Acta Virol"},{"key":"4_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2008.02224.x","volume":"15","author":"P Vadovic","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vadovic P, Fuleova A, Ihnatko R et al (2009) Structural studies of lipid A from a lipopolysaccharide of the Coxiella burnetii isolate RSA 514 (Crazy). Clin Microbiol Infect 15:198\u2013199","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"4_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1997.2541625.x","volume":"23","author":"L Van den Bosch","year":"1997","unstructured":"Van den Bosch L, Manning PA, Morona R (1997) Regulation of O-antigen chain length is required for Shigella flexneri virulence. Mol Microbiol 23:765\u2013775","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"4_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.3.581-611.2004","volume":"17","author":"MW Van der Woude","year":"2004","unstructured":"Van der Woude MW, Baumler AJ (2004) Phase and antigenic variation in bacteria. Clin Microbiol Rev 17:581\u2013611","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"4_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.56.1.40-44.1988","volume":"56","author":"S Vishwanath","year":"1988","unstructured":"Vishwanath S, Hackstadt T (1988) Lipopolysaccharide phase variation determines the complement-mediated serum susceptibility of Coxiella burnetii. Infect Immun 56:40\u201344","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR128","first-page":"2587","volume":"132","author":"MH Vodkin","year":"1986","unstructured":"Vodkin MH, Williams JC (1986) Overlapping deletion in two spontaneous phase variants of Coxiella burnetii. J Gen Microbiol 132:2587\u20132594","journal-title":"J Gen Microbiol"},{"key":"4_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1998.tb13147.x","volume":"165","author":"L Wang","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wang L, Jensen S, Hallman R et al (1998) Expression of the O antigen gene cluster is regulated by RfaH through the JUMPstart sequence. FEMS Microbiol Lett 165:201\u2013206","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"4_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(89)90011-1","volume":"59","author":"JN Weiser","year":"1989","unstructured":"Weiser JN, Love JM, Moxon ER (1989) The molecular mechanism of phase variation of Haemophilus influenzae lipopolysaccharide. Cell 59:657\u2013665","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"4_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3464","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)43116-4","volume":"259","author":"LS Weisman","year":"1984","unstructured":"Weisman LS, Ballou CE (1984) Biosynthesis of the mycobacterial methylmannose polysaccharide. Identification of a 3-O-methyltransferase. J Biol Chem 259:3464\u20133469","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.51.2.594-599.1986","volume":"51","author":"J Weiss","year":"1986","unstructured":"Weiss J, Hutzler M, Kao L (1986) Environmental modulation of lipopolysaccharide chain length alters the sensitivity of Escherichia coli to the neutrophil bactericidal\/permeability-increasing protein. Infect Immun 51:594\u2013599","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"4_CR133","first-page":"175","volume-title":"Q fever: the biology of Coxiella burnetii","author":"JC Williams","year":"1991","unstructured":"Williams JC, Waag DM (1991) Antigens, virulence factors, and biological response modifiers of Coxiella burnetii: strategies for vaccine development. In: Williams JC, Thompson HA (eds) Q fever: the biology of Coxiella burnetii. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 175\u2013222"},{"key":"4_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00409228","volume":"142","author":"HW Wollenweber","year":"1985","unstructured":"Wollenweber HW, Schramek S, Moll H et al (1985) Nature and linkage of fatty acids present in lipopolysaccharides of phase I and phase II Coxiella burnetii. Arch Microbiol 142:6\u201311","journal-title":"Arch Microbiol"},{"key":"4_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54405","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M410340200","volume":"279","author":"DS Zamboni","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zamboni DS, Campos MA, Torrecilhas ACT et al (2004) Stimulation of toll-like receptor 2 by Coxiella burnetii is required for macrophage production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and resistance to infection. J Biol Chem 279:54405\u201354415","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8372","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.12.8372","volume":"179","author":"G Zhang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zhang G, Russell-Lodrigue KE, Andoh M et al (2007) Mechanisms of vaccine-induced protective immunity against Coxiella burnetii infection in BALB\/c mice. J Immunol 179:8372\u20138380","journal-title":"J Immunol"}],"container-title":["Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology","Coxiella burnetii: Recent Advances and New Perspectives in Research of the Q Fever Bacterium"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-94-007-4315-1_4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,7]],"date-time":"2023-02-07T03:45:55Z","timestamp":1675741555000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-94-007-4315-1_4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"ISBN":["9789400743144","9789400743151"],"references-count":136,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-007-4315-1_4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0065-2598"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0065-2598","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 May 2012","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}}]}}