{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T21:43:11Z","timestamp":1766180591250,"version":"3.40.4"},"publisher-location":"Dordrecht","reference-count":67,"publisher":"Springer Netherlands","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9789400773073"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9789400773080"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,25]],"date-time":"2013-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,25]],"date-time":"2013-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-7308-0_15","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,24]],"date-time":"2013-08-24T05:03:05Z","timestamp":1377320585000},"page":"133-145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["What (Use) is a MOOC?"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Russell","family":"Boyatt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Joy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Rocks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Sinclair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,25]]},"reference":[{"unstructured":"Coursera (2013) https:\/\/www.coursera.org\/. Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR1"},{"unstructured":"edX. https:\/\/www.edx.org\/. Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR2"},{"unstructured":"Lewin T (2013) Universities abroad join partnerships on the web. The New York Times, 21 Feb 2013","key":"15_CR3"},{"unstructured":"Futurelearn. futurelearn.com. Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR4"},{"unstructured":"iversity. http:\/\/www.iversity.org\/. Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR5"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walsh T (2011) Unlocking the gates: How and why leading universities are opening up access to their courses. Princeton University Press","key":"15_CR6","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400838578"},{"unstructured":"McAuley A, Stewart B, Siemens G, Cormier D (2010) Massive open online courses. Digital ways of knowing and learning. The MOOC model for digital practice","key":"15_CR7"},{"unstructured":"Pisutova K (2012) Open courses. In: 10th IEEE international conference on emerging elearning technologies and applications, pp 297\u2013300","key":"15_CR8"},{"unstructured":"Rodriguez CO (2012) Moocs and the ai-stanford like courses: two successful and distinct course formats for massive open online courses. Learning","key":"15_CR9"},{"unstructured":"Angel ES (2013) Massive list of MOOC resources, lit and literati. http:\/\/www.worldofwebcast.com\/post\/massive-list-of-mooc-resources-lit-and-literati. Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR10"},{"unstructured":"What you need to know about MOOCs, 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR11"},{"unstructured":"Pappano L (2012) The year of the MOOC. The New York Times","key":"15_CR12"},{"unstructured":"Young JR (2012) Inside the Coursera contract: how an upstart company might profit from free courses. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 19 July 2012","key":"15_CR13"},{"unstructured":"Waldrop MM (2013) Massive open online courses, aka MOOCs, transform higher education and science. Scientific American, pp 223\u2013236","key":"15_CR14"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chamberlin L, Parish T (2011) MOOCs: massive open online courses or massive and often obtuse courses? eLearn 2011(8):1","key":"15_CR15","DOI":"10.1145\/2016016.2016017"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mackness J, Mak S, Williams R (2010) The ideals and reality of participating in a MOOC. In: Networked learning conference, University of Lancaster, pp 266\u2013275","key":"15_CR16","DOI":"10.54337\/nlc.v7.9190"},{"issue":"6","key":"15_CR17","first-page":"55","volume":"98","author":"MD Snyder","year":"2012","unstructured":"Snyder MD (2012) Much ado about MOOCs. Academe 98(6):55","journal-title":"Academe"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Daniel J (2012) Making sense of MOOCs: musings in a maze of myth, paradox and possibility. J Interact Media in Educ 3: http:\/\/jime.open.ac.uk\/jime\/article\/view\/2012-18. Date accessed: 24 July 2013","key":"15_CR18","DOI":"10.5334\/2012-18"},{"unstructured":"Lewin T (2012) Education Site expands slate of universities and courses. The New York Times, 19 Sept 2012","key":"15_CR19"},{"unstructured":"DeSantis N (2012) After leadership crisis fueled by distance-ed debate. UVa will put free classes Online. The Chronicle of Higher Education 17 July 2012","key":"15_CR20"},{"unstructured":"Yuan L, Powell S (2013) MOOCs and open education: implications for higher education. A white paper. Technical report, JISC. Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR21"},{"unstructured":"Downes S (2013) MOOCs are really a platform. http:\/\/www.elearnspace.org\/blog\/2012\/07\/25\/moocs-are-really-a-platform\/. Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR22"},{"unstructured":"Bates T (2013) Harvards current thinking on MOOCs. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/a2uh86z. Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR23"},{"issue":"4","key":"15_CR24","first-page":"30","volume":"45","author":"D Cormier","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cormier D, Siemens G (2010) The open course: through the open door\u2013open courses as research, learning, and engagement. Educause Rev 45(4):30\u201332","journal-title":"Educause Rev"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Masters K (2011) A brief guide to understanding MOOCs. Int J Med Educ 1(2)","key":"15_CR25","DOI":"10.5580\/1f21"},{"issue":"5","key":"15_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v10i5.643","volume":"10","author":"A Fini","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fini A (2009) The technological dimension of a massive open online course: the case of the cck08 course tools. Int Rev Res Open Distance Learn 10(5):1\u201326","journal-title":"Int Rev Res Open Distance Learn"},{"issue":"7","key":"15_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v12i7.1041","volume":"12","author":"R Kop","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kop R, Fournier H, Mak JSF (2011) A pedagogy of abundance or a pedagogy to support human beings? Participant support on massive open online courses. Int Rev Res Open Distance Learn 12(7):74\u201393","journal-title":"Int Rev Res Open Distance Learn"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mak S, Williams R, Mackness J (2010) Blogs and forums as communication and learning tools in a MOOC. In: Networked learing conference, University of Lancaster, pp 275\u2013285","key":"15_CR28","DOI":"10.54337\/nlc.v7.9191"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fournier H, Kop R, Sitlia H (2011) The value of learning analytics to networked learning on a personal learning environment","key":"15_CR29","DOI":"10.1145\/2090116.2090131"},{"issue":"3","key":"15_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v12i3.882","volume":"12","author":"R Kop","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kop R (2011) The challenges to connectivist learning on open online networks: learning experiences during a massive open online course. The Int Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning 12(3):19\u201338","journal-title":"The Int Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning"},{"unstructured":"Kop R, Carroll F (2012) Cloud computing and creativity: learning on a massive open online course. Learning","key":"15_CR31"},{"issue":"7","key":"15_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v12i7.1046","volume":"12","author":"I Waard","year":"2011","unstructured":"de Waard I, Abajian S, Gallagher MS, Hogue R, Keskin N, Koutropoulos A, Rodriguez OC (2011) Using mLearning and MOOCs to understand Chaos, emergence, and complexity in education. Int Rev Res Open Distance Learn 12(7):94\u2013115","journal-title":"Int Rev Res Open Distance Learn"},{"issue":"4","key":"15_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.4018\/jmbl.2012100103","volume":"4","author":"I de Waard","year":"2012","unstructured":"de Waard I, Koutropoulos A, Hogue RJ, Abajian SC, Keskin N\u00d6, Rodriguez CO, Gallagher MS (2012) Merging MOOC and mLearning for increased learner interactions. Int J Mob Blended Learn (IJMBL) 4(4):34\u201346","journal-title":"Int J Mob Blended Learn (IJMBL)"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Waard I, Koutropoulos A, \u00d6zdamar Keskin N, Abajian SC, Hogue R, Rodriguez CO, Gallagher MS (2011) Exploring the MOOC format as a pedagogical approach for mLearning. mLearn 12(7)94\u2013115","key":"15_CR34","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v12i7.1046"},{"unstructured":"Downes S (2013) The MOOC guide. https:\/\/sites.google.com\/site\/themoocguide\/home. Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR35"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sadigh D, Seshia SA, Gupta M (2012) Automating exercise generation: a step towards meeting the MOOC challenge for embedded systems. In: Proceedings of the workshop on embedded systems education","key":"15_CR36","DOI":"10.1145\/2530544.2530546"},{"unstructured":"Belanger Y, Thornton J (2013) Bioelectricity: a quantitative approach. Duke Universitys First MOOC. Technical report, Duke University","key":"15_CR37"},{"unstructured":"Heckel U, Bach U, Richert A, Jeschke S (2012) Massive open online courses in engineering education-a novel approach to teaching large classes. ICERI, pp 2330\u20132339","key":"15_CR38"},{"issue":"6","key":"15_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.5480\/1536-5026-33.6.416","volume":"33","author":"DJ Skiba","year":"2012","unstructured":"Skiba DJ (2012) Disruption in higher education: massively open online courses (MOOCs). Nurs Educ Perspect 33(6):416\u2013417","journal-title":"Nurs Educ Perspect"},{"unstructured":"Bond P (2013) Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) for professional development and growth. In: Continuing education for librarians: essays on career improvement through classes, workshops, conferences and more, p 28","key":"15_CR40"},{"key":"15_CR41","first-page":"9","volume":"3","author":"G Creed-Dikeogu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Creed-Dikeogu G, Clark C (2013) Are you MOOC-ing yet? A review for academic libraries. Kansas Libr Assoc Coll Univ Libr Sect 3:9\u201313","journal-title":"Kansas Libr Assoc Coll Univ Libr Sect"},{"unstructured":"Armstrong L (2012) Coursera and MITx\u2014sustaining or disruptive? http:\/\/www.changinghighereducation.com\/2012\/08\/coursera-.html. Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR42"},{"unstructured":"Lukes D (2013) What is and what is not a MOOC: a picture of family resemblance (working undefinition). http:\/\/researchity.net\/2012\/08\/14\/what-is-and-what-is-not-a-mooc-a-picture-of-family-resemblance-working-undefinition-moocmooci. Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR43"},{"issue":"1","key":"15_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.5944\/openpraxis.5.1.42","volume":"5","author":"O Rodriguez","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rodriguez O (2013) The concept of openness behind c and x-MOOCs. Open Praxis 5(1):67\u201373","journal-title":"Open Praxis"},{"unstructured":"Downes S (2007) An introduction to connective knowledge. In: Hug T(ed) Media, knowledge and education\u2014exploring new spaces, relations and dynamics in digital media ecologies","key":"15_CR45"},{"unstructured":"Hill P (2012) MOOCs: two different approaches to scale, access and experimentation. http:\/\/mfeldstein.com\/moocs-two-different-approaches-to-scale-access-and-experimentation. Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR46"},{"unstructured":"Siemens G (2012) MOOCs are really a platform. http:\/\/www.elearnspace.org\/blog\/2012\/07\/25\/moocs-are-really-a-platform\/ Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR47"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vihavainen A, Luukkainen M, Kurhila J (2012) Multi-faceted support for MOOC in programming. In: Connolly RW, Armitage WD (eds) SIGITE Conference. ACM, pp 171\u2013176","key":"15_CR48","DOI":"10.1145\/2380552.2380603"},{"unstructured":"Kolowich S, Without credit. Inside Higher Ed, 18 July 2012","key":"15_CR49"},{"issue":"1","key":"15_CR50","first-page":"3","volume":"2","author":"G Siemens","year":"2005","unstructured":"Siemens G (2005) Connectivism: a learning theory for the digital age. Int J Instr Technol Distance Learn 2(1):3\u201310","journal-title":"Int J Instr Technol Distance Learn"},{"issue":"3","key":"15_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v12i3.890","volume":"12","author":"T Anderson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Anderson T, Dron J (2011) Three generations of distance education pedagogy. Int Rev Res Open Distance Learn 12(3):80\u201397","journal-title":"Int Rev Res Open Distance Learn"},{"issue":"3","key":"15_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v9i3.1101","volume":"9","author":"R Kop","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kop R, Hill A (2008) Connectivism: learning theory of the future or vestige of the past. Int Rev Res Open Distance Learn 9(3):1\u201313","journal-title":"Int Rev Res Open Distance Learn"},{"unstructured":"Verhagen P (2006) Connectivism: a new learning theory? Connectivism: a new learning theory? Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR53"},{"issue":"1","key":"15_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v13i1.1143","volume":"13","author":"C Tschofen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tschofen C, Mackness J (2012) Connectivism and dimensions of individual experience. Int Rev Res Open Distance Learn 13(1):124\u2013143","journal-title":"Int Rev Res Open Distance Learn"},{"unstructured":"Kolowich S (2012) Georgia tech and Coursera try to recover from MOOC stumble. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 26 July 2012","key":"15_CR55"},{"unstructured":"Kolowich S (2013) Professor leaves a MOOC in mid-course in dispute over teaching. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 18 Feb 2013","key":"15_CR56"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clow D (2013) MOOCs and the funnel of participation. In: Third conference on learning analytics and knowledge","key":"15_CR57","DOI":"10.1145\/2460296.2460332"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kern J (2013) Learning from Harvard: MOOC story. http:\/\/elearningindustry.com\/subjects\/concepts\/item\/450-learning-from-harvard-mooc-story-pt4. Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR58","DOI":"10.5840\/harvardreview20131910"},{"unstructured":"Rivard R (2013) Measuring the MOOC dropout rate. Inside Higher Ed, 8 March 2013","key":"15_CR59"},{"unstructured":"Hill P (2013) The four student archetypes emerging in MOOCs. http:\/\/mfeldstein.com\/the-four-student-archetypes-emerging-in-moocs\/. Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR60"},{"unstructured":"Kirschner A (2012) A pioneer in online education tries a MOOC. http:\/\/chronicle.com\/article\/A-Pioneer-in-Online-Education\/134662\/, Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR61"},{"unstructured":"Lederman D (2013) Expanding pathways to MOOC credit. Inside Higher Ed, 7 Feb 2013","key":"15_CR62"},{"unstructured":"Fain P, Rivard R (2013) Outsourcing public higher Ed. Inside Higher Ed, 13 March 2013","key":"15_CR63"},{"unstructured":"Gibbs L (2012) Coursera fantasy: yes, plagiarism: how sad is that? http:\/\/courserafantasy.blogspot.kr\/2012\/08\/yes-plagiarism-how-sad-is-that.html Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR64"},{"unstructured":"Kolowich S (2013) The professors who make the MOOCs. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 25 March 2013","key":"15_CR65"},{"unstructured":"Martin F (2012) Fight the MOOC-opalypse! and Reflections on the aporia of learning. http:\/\/ccscne.org\/ccscne2013\/keynotes. Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR66"},{"unstructured":"Hill P (2012) MOOCs in 2012: dismantling the status quo. http:\/\/mfeldstein.com\/moocs-in-2012-dismantling-the-status-quo\/. Accessed 19 March 2013","key":"15_CR67"}],"container-title":["Springer Proceedings in Complexity","The 2nd International Workshop on Learning Technology for Education in Cloud"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-94-007-7308-0_15","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T14:09:08Z","timestamp":1746022148000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-94-007-7308-0_15"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,25]]},"ISBN":["9789400773073","9789400773080"],"references-count":67,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-007-7308-0_15","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-8684","2213-8692"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2213-8684"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2213-8692"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 August 2013","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}}]}}