{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T01:35:11Z","timestamp":1768095311420,"version":"3.49.0"},"publisher-location":"Singapore","reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Singapore","isbn-type":[{"value":"9789811393600","type":"print"},{"value":"9789811393617","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-9361-7_4","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,4]],"date-time":"2019-07-04T14:33:05Z","timestamp":1562250785000},"page":"41-51","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["A Study on the Effect of CNN-Based Transfer Learning on Handwritten Indic and Mixed Numeral Recognition"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Rahul","family":"Pramanik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Prabhat","family":"Dansena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Soumen","family":"Bag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"4_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1504\/IJAPR.2017.089397","volume":"4","author":"MH Mahalat","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mahalat, M.H., Mollah, A.F., Basu, S., Nasipuri, M.: Design of novel post-processing algorithms for handwritten Arabic numerals classification. Int. J. Appl. Pattern Recognit. 4(4), 342\u2013357 (2017)","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Pattern Recognit."},{"issue":"1","key":"4_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/s11045-016-0466-4","volume":"29","author":"BK Prasad","year":"2018","unstructured":"Prasad, B.K., Sanyal, G.: Novel features and a cascaded classifier based Arabic numerals recognition system. Multidimension. Syst. Signal Process. 29(1), 321\u2013338 (2018)","journal-title":"Multidimension. Syst. Signal Process."},{"key":"4_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2016.08.005","volume":"61","author":"XY Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang, X.Y., Bengio, Y., Liu, C.L.: Online and offline handwritten Chinese character recognition: a comprehensive study and new benchmark. Pattern Recognit. 61, 348\u2013360 (2017)","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"issue":"4","key":"4_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2011.09.021","volume":"45","author":"XX Niu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Niu, X.X., Suen, C.Y.: A novel hybrid CNN-SVM classifier for recognizing handwritten digits. Pattern Recognit. 45(4), 1318\u20131325 (2012)","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"key":"4_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ouchtati, S., Redjimi, M., Bedda, M.: Realization of an offline system for the recognition of the handwritten numeric chains. In: Proceedings of the Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies, pp. 1\u20136 (2014)","DOI":"10.1109\/CISTI.2014.6877040"},{"key":"4_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chakraborty, D., Pramanik, R., Bag, S.: A novel approach towards segmentation of connected handwritten numerals. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Image Information Processing, pp. 1\u20135 (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIIP.2017.8313737"},{"key":"4_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cosrev.2014.12.001","volume":"15","author":"PK Singh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Singh, P.K., Sarkar, R., Nasipuri, M.: Offline script identification from multilingual Indic-script documents: a state-of-the-art. Comput. Sci. Rev. 15, 1\u201328 (2015)","journal-title":"Comput. Sci. Rev."},{"key":"4_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvcir.2017.11.016","volume":"50","author":"R Pramanik","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pramanik, R., Bag, S.: Shape decomposition-based handwritten compound character recognition for Bangla OCR. J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent. 50, 123\u2013134 (2018)","journal-title":"J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent."},{"key":"4_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khan, H.A., Al Helal, A., Ahmed, K.I.: Handwritten Bangla digit recognition using sparse representation classifier. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision, pp. 1\u20136 (2014)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIEV.2014.6850817"},{"key":"4_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hassan, T., Khan, H.A.: Handwritten Bangla numeral recognition using local binary pattern. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Information Communication Technology, pp. 1\u20134 (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICEEICT.2015.7307371"},{"key":"4_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2016.04.010","volume":"58","author":"R Sarkhel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sarkhel, R., Das, N., Saha, A.K., Nasipuri, M.: A multi-objective approach towards cost effective isolated handwritten Bangla character and digit recognition. Pattern Recognit. 58, 172\u2013189 (2016)","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"issue":"6","key":"4_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1007\/s12046-015-0419-x","volume":"40","author":"P Singh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Singh, P., Verma, A., Chaudhari, N.S.: Feature selection based classifier combination approach for handwritten Devanagari numeral recognition. Sadhana 40(6), 1701\u20131714 (2015)","journal-title":"Sadhana"},{"issue":"7","key":"4_CR13","first-page":"41","volume":"8","author":"S Prabhanjan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Prabhanjan, S., Dinesh, R.: Handwritten Devanagari numeral recognition by fusion of classifiers. Int. J. Signal Process. Image Process. Pattern Recognit. 8(7), 41\u201350 (2015)","journal-title":"Int. J. Signal Process. Image Process. Pattern Recognit."},{"key":"4_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roy, K., Pal, T., Pal, U., Kimura, F.: Oriya handwritten numeral recognition system. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, pp. 770\u2013774 (2005)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2005.183"},{"key":"4_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhowmik, T.K., Parui, S.K., Bhattacharya, U., Shaw, B.: An HMM based recognition scheme for handwritten Oriya numerals. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Technology, pp. 105\u2013110 (2006)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIT.2006.29"},{"key":"4_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shopon, M., Mohammed, N., Abedin, M.A.: Bangla handwritten digit recognition using autoencoder and deep convolutional neural network. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Computational Intelligence, pp. 64\u201368 (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/IWCI.2016.7860340"},{"key":"4_CR17","unstructured":"Alom, M.Z., Sidike, P., Taha, T.M., Asari, V.K.: Handwritten Bangla digit recognition using deep learning. arXiv preprint \n                    arXiv:1705.02680\n                    \n                   (2017)"},{"issue":"3","key":"4_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2008.88","volume":"31","author":"U Bhattacharya","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bhattacharya, U., Chaudhuri, B.B.: Handwritten numeral databases of Indian scripts and multistage recognition of mixed numerals. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 31(3), 444\u2013457 (2009)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"4_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/2796863","volume":"2016","author":"Pawan Kumar Singh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Singh, P.K., Sarkar, R., Nasipuri, M.: A study of moment based features on handwritten digit recognition. Appl. Comput. Intell. Soft Comput. 1\u201317 (2016)","journal-title":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing"},{"key":"4_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maitra, D.S., Bhattacharya, U., Parui, S.K.: CNN based common approach to handwritten character recognition of multiple scripts. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, pp. 1021\u20131025 (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2015.7333916"},{"issue":"10","key":"4_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2009.191","volume":"22","author":"SJ Pan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pan, S.J., Yang, Q.: A survey on transfer learning. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 22(10), 1345\u20131359 (2010)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng."},{"key":"4_CR22","unstructured":"Krizhevsky, A., Sutskever, I., Hinton, G.E.: Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 1097\u20131105 (2012)"},{"key":"4_CR23","unstructured":"Simonyan, K., Zisserman, A.: Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition. arXiv preprint \n                    arXiv:1409.1556\n                    \n                   (2014)"},{"key":"4_CR24","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-69900-4_15","volume-title":"Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence","author":"R Pramanik","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pramanik, R., Bag, S.: Linear curve fitting-based headline estimation in handwritten words for indian scripts. In: Shankar, B.U., Ghosh, K., Mandal, D.P., Ray, S.S., Zhang, D., Pal, S.K. (eds.) PReMI 2017. LNCS, vol. 10597, pp. 116\u2013123. Springer, Cham (2017). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-69900-4_15"},{"key":"4_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhattacharya, U., Chaudhuri, B.B.: Databases for research on recognition of handwritten characters of Indian scripts. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, pp. 789\u2013793 (2005)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2005.84"},{"issue":"5","key":"4_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2011.11.030","volume":"12","author":"N Das","year":"2012","unstructured":"Das, N., Sarkar, R., Basu, S., Kundu, M., Nasipuri, M., Basu, D.K.: A genetic algorithm based region sampling for selection of local features in handwritten digit recognition application. Appl. Soft Comput. 12(5), 1592\u20131606 (2012)","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"issue":"8","key":"4_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2012.03.039","volume":"12","author":"N Das","year":"2012","unstructured":"Das, N., Reddy, J.M., Sarkar, R., Basu, S., Kundu, M., Nasipuri, M., Basu, D.K.: A statistical-topological feature combination for recognition of handwritten numerals. Appl. Soft Comput. 12(8), 2486\u20132495 (2012)","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"issue":"10","key":"4_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2010.05.018","volume":"43","author":"S Basu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Basu, S., Das, N., Sarkar, R., Kundu, M., Nasipuri, M., Basu, D.K.: A novel framework for automatic sorting of postal documents with multi-script address blocks. Pattern Recognit. 43(10), 3507\u20133521 (2010)","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."}],"container-title":["Communications in Computer and Information Science","Document Analysis and Recognition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-981-13-9361-7_4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,4]],"date-time":"2019-07-04T14:34:02Z","timestamp":1562250842000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-981-13-9361-7_4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"ISBN":["9789811393600","9789811393617"],"references-count":28,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-13-9361-7_4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1865-0929","1865-0937"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1865-0929","type":"print"},{"value":"1865-0937","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 July 2019","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"DAR","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Workshop on Document Analysis and Recognition","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Hyderabad","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"India","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2018","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"18 December 2018","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"18 December 2018","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"4","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"dar2018","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/cse.iitj.ac.in\/dar2018\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Single-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"CMT","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"22","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"12","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"2","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"55% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Yes","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}