{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T21:10:17Z","timestamp":1789506617595,"version":"build-2803163510"},"publisher-location":"Singapore","reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Singapore","isbn-type":[{"value":"9789811573590","type":"print"},{"value":"9789811573606","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-7360-6_23","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]],"date-time":"2021-03-30T08:03:02Z","timestamp":1617091382000},"page":"249-259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Extensive Bioactivity of Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis in Human"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Eiji","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"23_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1089\/152308603321223630","volume":"5","author":"W Aoi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Aoi W, Naito Y, Sakuma K, Kuchide M, Tokda H, Maoka T, Toyokuni S, Oka S, Yasuhara M, Yoshikawa T (2003) Astaxanthin limits exercise-induced skeletal and cardiac muscle damage in mice. Antioxid Redox Signal 5(1):139\u2013144","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"23_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.12.019","volume":"366","author":"W Aoi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Aoi W, Naito Y, Takanami Y, Ishii T, Kawai Y, Akagiri S, Kato Y, Osawa T, Yoshikawa T (2008) Astaxanthin improves muscle lipid metabolism in exercise via inhibitory effect of oxidative CPT I modification. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 366:892\u2013897","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"2","key":"23_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.3164\/jcbn.17-89","volume":"62","author":"W Aoi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Aoi W, Maoka T, Abe R, Fujishita M, Tominaga K (2018) Comparison of the effect of non- esterified and esterified astaxanthins on endurance performance in mice. J Clin Biochem Nutr 62(2):161\u2013166","journal-title":"J Clin Biochem Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"23_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2008.00790.x","volume":"18","author":"E Camera","year":"2009","unstructured":"Camera E, Mastrofrancesco A, Fabbri C, Daubrawa F, Picardo M, Sies H, Stah W (2009) Astaxanthin, canthaxanthin and \u03b2-carotene differently affect UVA-induced oxidative damage and expression of oxidative stress-responsive enzymes. Exp Dermatol 18(3):222\u2013231","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"23_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1280779","volume":"32","author":"CP Earnest","year":"2011","unstructured":"Earnest CP, Lupo M, White KM, Church TS (2011) Effect of astaxanthin on cycling time trial performance. Int J Sports Med 32(11):882\u2013888","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"key":"23_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-2736(01)00326-1","volume":"1515","author":"S Goto","year":"2001","unstructured":"Goto S, Kogure K, Abe K, Kimata K, Kitahama K, Yamashita E, Terada H (2001) Efficient radical trapping at the surface and inside the phospholipid membrane is responsible for highly potent antiperoxidative activity of the carotenoid astaxanthin. Biochim Biophys Acta 1515:251\u2013258","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"issue":"12","key":"23_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2238","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b12-00715","volume":"35","author":"S Hama","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hama S, Uenishi S, Yamada A, Ohgita T, Tsuchiya H, Yamashita E, Kogure K (2012) Scavenging of hydroxyl radicals in aqueous solution by astaxanthin encapsulated in liposomes. Biol Pharm Bull 35(12):2238\u20132242","journal-title":"Biol Pharm Bull"},{"issue":"6","key":"23_CR8","first-page":"829","volume":"23","author":"T Iwasaki","year":"2006","unstructured":"Iwasaki T, Tawara A (2006) Effect of astaxanthin on eye strain induced by accommodative dysfunction. Atarashii Ganka (J Eye) 23(6):829\u2013834","journal-title":"Atarashii Ganka (J Eye)"},{"issue":"3","key":"23_CR9","first-page":"89","volume":"46","author":"M Kajita","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kajita M, Tsukahara H, Kato M (2009) The effect of astaxanthin of a dietary supplement containing astaxanthin on the accommodation function of the eye in middle-aged and older people. Med Consult New Rem 46(3):89\u201393","journal-title":"Med Consult New Rem"},{"key":"23_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.19380512703","volume":"51","author":"R Kuhn","year":"1938","unstructured":"Kuhn R, Sorensen NA (1938) The coloring matters of the lobster (Astacus gammarus L.). Z Angew Chem 51:465\u2013466","journal-title":"Z Angew Chem"},{"issue":"2","key":"23_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.3164\/jcbn.13-110","volume":"54","author":"PH Liu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liu PH, Aoi W, Takami M, Terajima H, Tanimura Y, Naito Y, Itoh Y, Yoshikawa Y (2014) The astaxanthin-induced improvement in lipid metabolism during exercise is mediated by a PGC-1\u03b1 increase in skeletal muscle. J Clin Biochem Nutr 54(2):86\u201389","journal-title":"J Clin Biochem Nutr"},{"key":"23_CR12","first-page":"20","volume":"13","author":"C Malmsten","year":"2008","unstructured":"Malmsten C, Lignell A (2008) Dietary supplementation with astaxanthin-rich algal meal improves muscle endurance -a double blind placebo controlled study on male students. Carotenoid Sci 13:20\u201322","journal-title":"Carotenoid Sci"},{"key":"23_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1351\/pac199971122253","volume":"71","author":"HD Martin","year":"1999","unstructured":"Martin HD, Ruck C, Schmidt M, Sell S, Beutner S, Mayer B, Walsh R (1999) Chemistry of carote-noid oxidation and free radical reactions. Pure Appl Chem 71:2253\u20132262","journal-title":"Pure Appl Chem"},{"key":"23_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2006.09.010","volume":"1768","author":"HP McNulty","year":"2007","unstructured":"McNulty HP, Byun J, Lockwood SF, Jacob RF, Mason RP (2007) Differential effects of carotenoids on lipid peroxidation due to membrane interactions: X-ray diffraction analysis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1768:167\u2013174","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"23_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1351\/pac199163010141","volume":"63","author":"W Miki","year":"1991","unstructured":"Miki W (1991) Biological functions and activities of animal carotenoids. Pure Appl Chem 63:141\u2013146","journal-title":"Pure Appl Chem"},{"key":"23_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3164\/jcbn.2008048","volume":"43","author":"H Miyawaki","year":"2008","unstructured":"Miyawaki H, Takahashi J, Tsukuhara H, Takehara I (2008) Effects of astaxanthin on human blood rheology. J Clin Biochem Nutr 43:69\u201374","journal-title":"J Clin Biochem Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"23_CR17","first-page":"170","volume":"19","author":"Y Nagaki","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nagaki Y, Hayasaka S, Yamada T, Hayasaka Y, Sanada M, Uonomi T (2002) Effects of astaxanthin on accommodation, critical flicker fusion, and pattern visual evoked potential in visual display terminal workers. J Tradit Med 19(5):170\u2013173","journal-title":"J Tradit Med"},{"key":"23_CR18","first-page":"537","volume":"21","author":"Y Nagaki","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nagaki Y, Mihara M, Takahashi J, Kitamura A, Yoshiharu H, Sugiura Y, Tsukahara H (2005) The effects of astaxanthin on retinal capillary blood flow in normal volunteers. Clin Ther Med 21:537\u2013542","journal-title":"Clin Ther Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"23_CR19","first-page":"41","volume":"22","author":"Y Nagaki","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nagaki Y, Mihara M, Tsukahara H, Ohno S (2006) The supplementation effect of astaxanthin on accomodation and asthenopia. J Clin Ther Med 22(1):41\u201354","journal-title":"J Clin Ther Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"23_CR20","first-page":"461","volume":"3","author":"Y Nagaki","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nagaki Y, Tsukahara H, Yoshimoto T, Masuda K (2010) Effect of astaxanthin on accommodation and asthenopia. Folia Ophthalmol Jpn 3(5):461\u2013468","journal-title":"Folia Ophthalmol Jpn"},{"issue":"6","key":"23_CR21","first-page":"1051","volume":"58","author":"A Nakamura","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nakamura A, Isobe R, Otaka Y, Abematsu Y, Nakata D, Honda C, Sakurai S, Shimada Y, Horiguchi M (2004) Changes in visual function following peroral astaxanthin. Jpn J Clin Opthalmol 58(6):1051\u20131054","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Opthalmol"},{"key":"23_CR22","first-page":"16","volume":"11","author":"Y Nishida","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nishida Y, Yamashita E, Miki W (2007) Quenching activities of common hydrophilic and lipo- philic antioxidants against singlet oxygen using chemiluminescence detection system. Car Sci 11:16\u201320","journal-title":"Car Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"23_CR23","first-page":"79","volume":"21","author":"T Nitta","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nitta T, Ohgami K, Shiratori K, Shinmei Y, Chin S, Yoshida K, Tsukahara H, Ohno S (2005) Effects of astaxanthin on accommodation and asthenopia-Dose finding study in healthy volunteers. J Clin Ther Med 21(5):79\u201392","journal-title":"J Clin Ther Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"23_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2694","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.02-0822","volume":"44","author":"K Ohgami","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ohgami K, Shiratori K, Kotake S, Nishida T, Mizuki N, Yazawa K, Ohno S (2003) Effects of astaxanthin on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 44(6):2694\u20132701","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"23_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-011-1843-1","volume":"250","author":"M Saito","year":"2012","unstructured":"Saito M, Yoshida K, Saito W, Fujiya A, Ohgami K, Kitaichi N, Tsukahara H, Ishida S, Ohno S (2012) Astaxanthin increases choroidal blood flow velocity. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 250(2):239\u2013245","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"23_CR26","first-page":"73","volume":"18","author":"K Sawaki","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sawaki K, Yoshigi H, Aoki K, Koikawa N, Azumane A, Kaneko K, Yamaguchi M (2002) Sports performance benefits from taking natural astaxanthin characterized by visual activity and muscle fatigue improvements in humans. J Clin Ther Med 18:73\u201388","journal-title":"J Clin Ther Med"},{"key":"23_CR27","first-page":"98","volume":"12","author":"D Seki","year":"2001","unstructured":"Seki D, Sueki H, Kohno H, Suganuma K, Yamashita E (2001) Effects of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis on human skin -patch test; skin repeated application test; effect on wrinkle reduction. Fragrance J 12:98\u2013103","journal-title":"Fragrance J"},{"issue":"2","key":"23_CR28","first-page":"17","volume":"14","author":"Y Seya","year":"2009","unstructured":"Seya Y, Takahashi J, Imanaka K (2009) Relationship between visual and reaction times \u2013effects of a repetition of a visual task and long-term intake of a supplement food including astaxanthin on reaction time- Japanese. Jpn J Physiol Anthropol 14(2):17\u201324","journal-title":"Jpn J Physiol Anthropol"},{"issue":"6","key":"23_CR29","first-page":"65","volume":"21","author":"K Shiratori","year":"2005","unstructured":"Shiratori K, Ogami K, Nitta T, Shinmei Y, Chin S, Yoshida K, Tsukahara H, Takehara I, Ohno S (2005) Effect of astaxanthin on accommodation and asthenopia- efficacy identification study in healthy volunteers. J Clin Ther Med 21(6):65\u201378","journal-title":"J Clin Ther Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"23_CR30","first-page":"43","volume":"21","author":"N Takahashi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Takahashi N, Kajita M (2005) Effects of astaxanthin on accommodative recovery. J Clin Ther Med 21(4):43\u201348","journal-title":"J Clin Ther Med"},{"key":"23_CR31","first-page":"44","volume":"15","author":"K Tominaga","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tominaga K, Hongo N, Karato M, Yamashita E (2010) Protective effects of astaxanthin against singlet oxygen induced damage in human dermal fibroblasts in vitro. Carotenoid Sci 15:44\u201346","journal-title":"Carotenoid Sci"},{"key":"23_CR32","first-page":"43","volume":"59","author":"K Tominaga","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tominaga K, Hongo N, Karato M, Yamashita E (2012) Cosmetic benefits of astaxanthin on humans subjects. Acta Biochim Polonoca 59:43\u201347","journal-title":"Acta Biochim Polonoca"},{"issue":"1","key":"23_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.3164\/jcbn.17-35","volume":"61","author":"K Tominaga","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tominaga K, Hongo N, Fujishita M, Takahashi Y, Adachi Y (2017) Protective effects of astaxanthin on skin deterioration. J Clin Biochem Nutr 61(1):33\u201339","journal-title":"J Clin Biochem Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"23_CR34","first-page":"104","volume":"9","author":"H Yagi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yagi H, Kawaguchi M, Nishio K, Sato R, Kobori Y, Ashizawa Y, Soh S, Arai M, Okada H (2013) Effect of astaxanthin for anticholinergic agent-resistant overactive bladder. Anti-Aging Med 9(4):104\u2013108","journal-title":"Anti-Aging Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"23_CR35","first-page":"112","volume":"21","author":"E Yamashita","year":"2002","unstructured":"Yamashita E (2002) Cosmetic benefit of dietary supplements containing astaxanthin and tocotrienol on human skin. Food Style 21(6):112\u2013117","journal-title":"Food Style"},{"key":"23_CR36","first-page":"91","volume":"10","author":"E Yamashita","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yamashita E (2006) The effects of a dietary supplement containing astaxanthin on skin condition. Carotenoid Sci 10:91\u201395","journal-title":"Carotenoid Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"23_CR37","first-page":"6","volume":"15","author":"E Yamashita","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yamashita E (2011) Astaxanthin and sports performance. FOOD Style 21 15(3):6\u201338","journal-title":"FOOD Style 21"},{"issue":"1","key":"23_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201000414","volume":"55","author":"JP Yuan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yuan JP, Peng J, Yin K, Wang JH (2011) Potential health promoting effects of astaxanthin: a high-value carotenoid mostly from microalgae. Mol Nutr Food Res 55(1):150\u2013165","journal-title":"Mol Nutr Food Res"}],"container-title":["Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology","Carotenoids: Biosynthetic and Biofunctional Approaches"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-981-15-7360-6_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]],"date-time":"2021-03-30T08:06:43Z","timestamp":1617091603000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-981-15-7360-6_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"ISBN":["9789811573590","9789811573606"],"references-count":38,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-15-7360-6_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["0065-2598","2214-8019"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0065-2598","type":"print"},{"value":"2214-8019","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 March 2021","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}}]}}