{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T17:31:21Z","timestamp":1782754281696,"version":"3.54.5"},"publisher-location":"Singapore","reference-count":65,"publisher":"Springer Singapore","isbn-type":[{"value":"9789811687013","type":"print"},{"value":"9789811687020","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-16-8702-0_6","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T09:02:54Z","timestamp":1649754174000},"page":"87-100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Peptide-Based Dual HIV and Coronavirus Entry Inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Huan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"6_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3541","DOI":"10.1039\/b914339b","volume":"39","author":"B Apostolovic","year":"2010","unstructured":"Apostolovic B, Danial M, Klok HA (2010) Coiled coils: attractive protein folding motifs for the fabrication of self-assembled, responsive and bioactive materials. Chem Soc Rev 39(9):3541\u20133575. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/b914339b","journal-title":"Chem Soc Rev"},{"issue":"36","key":"6_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12903","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0502449102","volume":"102","author":"E Bianchi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bianchi E, Finotto M, Ingallinella P, Hrin R, Carella AV, Hou XS, Schleif WA, Miller MD, Geleziunas R, Pessi A (2005) Covalent stabilization of coiled coils of the HIV gp41 N region yields extremely potent and broad inhibitors of viral infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102(36):12903\u201312908. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0502449102","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"22","key":"6_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8455","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0400576101","volume":"101","author":"BJ Bosch","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bosch BJ, Martina BEE, van der Zee R, Lepault J, Haijema BJ, Versluis C, Heck AJR, de Groot R, Osterhaus A, Rottier PJM (2004) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coroavirus (SARS-CoV) infection inhibition using spike protein heptad repeat-derived peptides. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101(22):8455\u20138460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0400576101","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"2","key":"6_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/s0092-8674(00)80205-6","volume":"89","author":"DC Chan","year":"1997","unstructured":"Chan DC, Fass D, Berger JM, Kim PS (1997) Core structure of gp41 from the HIV envelope glycoprotein. Cell 89(2):263\u2013273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0092-8674(00)80205-6","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"33","key":"6_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25506","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.101170","volume":"285","author":"X Chen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chen X, Lu L, Qi Z, Lu H, Wang J, Yu X, Chen Y, Jiang S (2010) Novel recombinant engineered gp41 N-terminal heptad repeat trimers and their potential as anti-HIV-1 therapeutics or microbicides. J Biol Chem 285(33):25506\u201325515. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M110.101170","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"8","key":"6_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000001073","volume":"30","author":"H Chong","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chong H, Wu X, Su Y, He Y (2016) Development of potent and long-acting HIV-1 fusion inhibitors. AIDS 30(8):1187\u20131196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/QAD.0000000000001073","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"6","key":"6_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2335","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.21790","volume":"104","author":"LH Chu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chu LH, Chan SH, Tsai SN, Wang Y, Cheng CH, Wong KB, Waye MM, Ngai SM (2008) Fusion core structure of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV): in search of potent SARS-CoV entry inhibitors. J Cell Biochem 104(6):2335\u20132347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcb.21790","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"issue":"12","key":"6_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3859","DOI":"10.3390\/v4123859","volume":"4","author":"CJ De Feo","year":"2012","unstructured":"De Feo CJ, Weiss CD (2012) Escape from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) entry inhibitors. Viruses 4(12):3859\u20133911. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v4123859","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"5","key":"6_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2006.03.007","volume":"14","author":"Y Deng","year":"2006","unstructured":"Deng Y, Liu J, Zheng Q, Yong W, Lu M (2006) Structures and polymorphic interactions of two heptad-repeat regions of the SARS virus S2 protein. Structure 14(5):889\u2013899. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.str.2006.03.007","journal-title":"Structure"},{"issue":"2","key":"6_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro817","volume":"2","author":"DS Dimitrov","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dimitrov DS (2004) Virus entry: molecular mechanisms and biomedical applications. Nat Rev Microbiol 2(2):109\u2013122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrmicro817","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"20","key":"6_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030747","volume":"348","author":"C Drosten","year":"2003","unstructured":"Drosten C, Gunther S, Preiser W, van der Werf S, Brodt HR, Becker S, Rabenau H, Panning M, Kolesnikova L, Fouchier RA, Berger A, Burguiere AM, Cinatl J, Eickmann M, Escriou N, Grywna K, Kramme S, Manuguerra JC, Muller S, Rickerts V, Sturmer M, Vieth S, Klenk HD, Osterhaus AD, Schmitz H, Doerr HW (2003) Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome. N Engl J Med 348(20):1967\u20131976. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa030747","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"6_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1110\/ps.073307608","volume":"17","author":"JJ Dwyer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dwyer JJ, Wilson KL, Martin K, Seedorff JE, Hasan A, Medinas RJ, Davison DK, Feese MD, Richter HT, Kim H, Matthews TJ, Delmedico MK (2008) Design of an engineered N-terminal HIV-1 gp41 trimer with enhanced stability and potency. Protein Sci 17(4):633\u2013643. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1110\/ps.073307608","journal-title":"Protein Sci"},{"issue":"20","key":"6_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11187","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.201392898","volume":"98","author":"DM Eckert","year":"2001","unstructured":"Eckert DM, Kim PS (2001) Design of potent inhibitors of HIV-1 entry from the gp41 N-peptide region. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98(20):11187\u201311192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.201392898","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"24","key":"6_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13134","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02433-13","volume":"87","author":"J Gao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gao J, Lu G, Qi J, Li Y, Wu Y, Deng Y, Geng H, Li H, Wang Q, Xiao H, Tan W, Yan J, Gao GF (2013) Structure of the fusion core and inhibition of fusion by a heptad repeat peptide derived from the S protein of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. J Virol 87(24):13134\u201313140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.02433-13","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"12","key":"6_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2031499","volume":"384","author":"GE Gray","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gray GE, Bekker L-G, Laher F, Malahleha M, Allen M, Moodie Z, Grunenberg N, Huang Y, Grove D, Prigmore B, Kee JJ, Benkeser D, Hural J, Innes C, Lazarus E, Meintjes G, Naicker N, Kalonji D, Nchabeleng M, Sebe M, Singh N, Kotze P, Kassim S, Dubula T, Naicker V, Brumskine W, Ncayiya CN, Ward AM, Garrett N, Kistnasami G, Gaffoor Z, Selepe P, Makhoba PB, Mathebula MP, Mda P, Adonis T, Mapetla KS, Modibedi B, Philip T, Kobane G, Bentley C, Ramirez S, Takuva S, Jones M, Sikhosana M, Atujuna M, Andrasik M, Hejazi NS, Puren A, Wiesner L, Phogat S, Diaz Granados C, Koutsoukos M, Van Der Meeren O, Barnett SW, Kanesa-Thasan N, Kublin JG, McElrath MJ, Gilbert PB, Janes H, Corey L (2021) Vaccine efficacy of ALVAC-HIV and bivalent subtype C gp120\u2013MF59 in adults. N Engl J Med 384(12):1089\u20131100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2031499","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"6_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.1456","volume":"15","author":"SC Harrison","year":"2008","unstructured":"Harrison SC (2008) Viral membrane fusion. Nat Struct Mol Biol 15(7):690\u2013698. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nsmb.1456","journal-title":"Nat Struct Mol Biol"},{"issue":"14","key":"6_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7202","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00854-15","volume":"89","author":"X Huang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Huang X, Dong W, Milewska A, Golda A, Qi Y, Zhu QK, Marasco WA, Baric RS, Sims AC, Pyrc K, Li W, Sui J (2015) Human coronavirus HKU1 spike protein uses o-acetylated sialic acid as an attachment receptor determinant and employs hemagglutinin-esterase protein as a receptor-destroying enzyme. J Virol 89(14):7202\u20137213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.00854-15","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"23","key":"6_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8709","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0402753101","volume":"101","author":"P Ingallinella","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ingallinella P, Bianchi E, Finotto M, Cantoni G, Eckert DM, Supekar VM, Bruckmann C, Carfi A, Pessi A (2004) Structural characterization of the fusion-active complex of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101(23):8709\u20138714. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0402753101","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"6442","key":"6_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1038\/365113a0","volume":"365","author":"S Jiang","year":"1993","unstructured":"Jiang S, Lin K, Strick N, Neurath AR (1993) HIV-1 inhibition by a peptide. Nature 365(6442):113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/365113a0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"6_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Koay WLA, Kose-Otieno J, Rakhmanina N (2021) HIV drug resistance in children and adolescents: always a challenge? Curr Epidemiol Rep:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40471-021-00268-3","DOI":"10.1007\/s40471-021-00268-3"},{"issue":"3","key":"6_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1039\/c5sc04046a","volume":"7","author":"W Lai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lai W, Wang C, Yu F, Lu L, Wang Q, Jiang X, Xu X, Zhang T, Wu S, Zheng X, Zhang Z, Dong F, Jiang S, Liu K (2016) An effective strategy for recapitulating N-terminal heptad repeat trimers in enveloped virus surface glycoproteins for therapeutic applications. Chem Sci 7(3):2145\u20132150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c5sc04046a","journal-title":"Chem Sci"},{"issue":"22","key":"6_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa035026","volume":"348","author":"JP Lalezari","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lalezari JP, Henry K, O\u2019Hearn M, Montaner JS, Piliero PJ, Trottier B, Walmsley S, Cohen C, Kuritzkes DR, Eron JJ Jr, Chung J, DeMasi R, Donatacci L, Drobnes C, Delehanty J, Salgo M, Group TS (2003) Enfuvirtide, an HIV-1 fusion inhibitor, for drug-resistant HIV infection in North and South America. N Engl J Med 348(22):2175\u20132185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa035026","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"6_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2021.104840","volume":"23","author":"Q Lan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lan Q, Pu J, Cai Y, Zhou J, Wang L, Jiao F, Xu W, Wang Q, Xia S, Lu L, Jiang S (2021) Lipopeptide-based pan-CoV fusion inhibitors potently inhibit HIV-1 infection. Microbes Infect 23:104840. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micinf.2021.104840","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"issue":"6965","key":"6_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02145","volume":"426","author":"WH Li","year":"2003","unstructured":"Li WH, Moore MJ, Vasilieva N, Sui JH, Wong SK, Berne MA, Somasundaran M, Sullivan JL, Luzuriaga K, Greenough TC, Choe H, Farzan M (2003) Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus. Nature 426(6965):450\u2013454. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature02145","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9413","key":"6_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(04)15788-7","volume":"363","author":"S Liu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Liu S, Xiao G, Chen Y, He Y, Niu J, Escalante CR, Xiong H, Farmar J, Debnath AK, Tien P, Jiang S (2004) Interaction between heptad repeat 1 and 2 regions in spike protein of SARS-associated coronavirus: implications for virus fusogenic mechanism and identification of fusion inhibitors. Lancet 363(9413):938\u2013947. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(04)15788-7","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"6_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11259","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M411141200","volume":"280","author":"S Liu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Liu S, Lu H, Niu J, Xu Y, Wu S, Jiang S (2005) Different from the HIV fusion inhibitor C34, the anti-HIV drug Fuzeon (T-20) inhibits HIV-1 entry by targeting multiple sites in gp41 and gp120. J Biol Chem 280(12):11259\u201311273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M411141200","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"13","key":"6_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9612","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M609148200","volume":"282","author":"S Liu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Liu S, Jing W, Cheung B, Lu H, Sun J, Yan X, Niu J, Farmar J, Wu S, Jiang S (2007) HIV gp41 C-terminal heptad repeat contains multifunctional domains. Relation to mechanisms of action of anti-HIV peptides. J Biol Chem 282(13):9612\u20139620. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M609148200","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"6_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3067","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4067","volume":"5","author":"L Lu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lu L, Liu Q, Zhu Y, Chan KH, Qin L, Li Y, Wang Q, Chan JF, Du L, Yu F, Ma C, Ye S, Yuen KY, Zhang R, Jiang S (2014) Structure-based discovery of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus fusion inhibitor. Nat Commun 5:3067. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncomms4067","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"7","key":"6_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4514","DOI":"10.1039\/d0cs01084g","volume":"50","author":"Y Ma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ma Y, Frutos-Beltran E, Kang D, Pannecouque C, De Clercq E, Menendez-Arias L, Liu X, Zhan P (2021) Medicinal chemistry strategies for discovering antivirals effective against drug-resistant viruses. Chem Soc Rev 50(7):4514\u20134540. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d0cs01084g","journal-title":"Chem Soc Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"6_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/psc.2706","volume":"21","author":"A Pessi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pessi A (2015) Cholesterol-conjugated peptide antivirals: a path to a rapid response to emerging viral diseases. J Pept Sci 21(5):379\u2013386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/psc.2706","journal-title":"J Pept Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"6_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2020.01.015","volume":"25","author":"T Pillaiyar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pillaiyar T, Meenakshisundaram S, Manickam M (2020) Recent discovery and development of inhibitors targeting coronaviruses. Drug Discov Today 25(4):668\u2013688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drudis.2020.01.015","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today"},{"issue":"6","key":"6_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e317","DOI":"10.1016\/s2352-3018(18)30039-0","volume":"5","author":"MC Pitman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pitman MC, Lau JSY, McMahon JH, Lewin SR (2018) Barriers and strategies to achieve a cure for HIV. Lancet HIV 5(6):e317\u2013e328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2352-3018(18)30039-0","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"issue":"44","key":"6_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30376","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M804672200","volume":"283","author":"Z Qi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Qi Z, Shi W, Xue N, Pan C, Jing W, Liu K, Jiang S (2008) Rationally designed anti-HIV peptides containing multifunctional domains as molecule probes for studying the mechanisms of action of the first and second generation HIV fusion inhibitors. J Biol Chem 283(44):30376\u201330384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M804672200","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"7440","key":"6_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12005","volume":"495","author":"VS Raj","year":"2013","unstructured":"Raj VS, Mou H, Smits SL, Dekkers DH, Muller MA, Dijkman R, Muth D, Demmers JA, Zaki A, Fouchier RA, Thiel V, Drosten C, Rottier PJ, Osterhaus AD, Bosch BJ, Haagmans BL (2013) Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC. Nature 495(7440):251\u2013254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature12005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"6_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2021.02.002","volume":"29","author":"RW Sanders","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sanders RW, Moore JP (2021) Virus vaccines: proteins prefer prolines. Cell Host Microbe 29(3):327\u2013333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2021.02.002","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"6","key":"6_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.105969","volume":"55","author":"MB Serafin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Serafin MB, Bottega A, Foletto VS, da Rosa TF, Horner A, Horner R (2020) Drug repositioning is an alternative for the treatment of coronavirus COVID-19. Int J Antimicrob Agents 55(6):105969. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.105969","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"issue":"4","key":"6_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2008.07.134","volume":"374","author":"W Shi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shi W, Qi Z, Pan C, Xue N, Debnath AK, Qie J, Jiang S, Liu K (2008) Novel anti-HIV peptides containing multiple copies of artificially designed heptad repeat motifs. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 374(4):767\u2013772. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2008.07.134","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"94","key":"6_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11579","DOI":"10.1039\/c2cc35973a","volume":"48","author":"W Shi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shi W, Cai L, Lu L, Wang C, Wang K, Xu L, Zhang S, Han H, Jiang X, Zheng B, Jiang S, Liu K (2012) Design of highly potent HIV fusion inhibitors based on artificial peptide sequences. Chem Commun (Camb) 48(94):11579\u201311581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c2cc35973a","journal-title":"Chem Commun (Camb)"},{"key":"6_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.56.091103.134135","volume":"56","author":"DM Skowronski","year":"2005","unstructured":"Skowronski DM, Astell C, Brunham RC, Low DE, Petric M, Roper RL, Talbot PJ, Tam T, Babiuk L (2005) Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a year in review. Annu Rev Med 56:357\u2013381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.med.56.091103.134135","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"issue":"23","key":"6_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12303","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.23.12303","volume":"94","author":"K Tan","year":"1997","unstructured":"Tan K, Liu J, Wang J, Shen S, Lu M (1997) Atomic structure of a thermostable subdomain of HIV-1 gp41. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94(23):12303\u201312308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.94.23.12303","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"11","key":"6_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2533","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt230","volume":"68","author":"P Tong","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tong P, Lu Z, Chen X, Wang Q, Yu F, Zou P, Yu X, Li Y, Lu L, Chen YH, Jiang S (2013) An engineered HIV-1 gp41 trimeric coiled coil with increased stability and anti-HIV-1 activity: implication for developing anti-HIV microbicides. J Antimicrob Chemother 68(11):2533\u20132544. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jac\/dkt230","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"11","key":"6_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6505","DOI":"10.1039\/c5sc02220g","volume":"6","author":"C Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang C, Lai W, Yu F, Zhang T, Lu L, Jiang X, Zhang Z, Xu X, Bai Y, Jiang S, Liu K (2015) De novo design of isopeptide bond-tethered triple-stranded coiled coils with exceptional resistance to unfolding and proteolysis: implication for developing antiviral therapeutics. Chem Sci 6(11):6505\u20136509. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c5sc02220g","journal-title":"Chem Sci"},{"issue":"19","key":"6_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8734","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.8b00890","volume":"61","author":"C Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang C, Zhao L, Xia S, Zhang T, Cao R, Liang G, Li Y, Meng G, Wang W, Shi W, Zhong W, Jiang S, Liu K (2018) De novo design of alpha-helical lipopeptides targeting viral fusion proteins: a promising strategy for relatively broad-spectrum antiviral drug discovery. J Med Chem 61(19):8734\u20138745. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.8b00890","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"issue":"11","key":"6_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3843","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21113843","volume":"21","author":"X Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang X, Xia S, Wang Q, Xu W, Li W, Lu L, Jiang S (2020) Broad-spectrum coronavirus fusion inhibitors to combat COVID-19 and other emerging coronavirus diseases. Int J Mol Sci 21(11):3843. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21113843","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"6_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang C, Xia S, Wang X, Li Y, Wang H, Xiang R, Jiang Q, Lan Q, Liang R, Li Q, Huo S, Lu L, Wang Q, Yu F, Liu K, Jiang S (2021a) Supercoiling structure-based design of a trimeric coiled-coil peptide with high potency against HIV-1 and human beta-coronavirus infection. J Med Chem. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.1c00258","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.1c00258"},{"issue":"2","key":"6_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-020-00806-7","volume":"12","author":"X Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang X, Xia S, Zhu Y, Lu L, Jiang S (2021b) Pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitors as the hope for today and tomorrow. Protein. Cell 12(2):84\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13238-020-00806-7","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"6631","key":"6_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1038\/387426a0","volume":"387","author":"W Weissenhorn","year":"1997","unstructured":"Weissenhorn W, Dessen A, Harrison SC, Skehel JJ, Wiley DC (1997) Atomic structure of the ectodomain from HIV-1 gp41. Nature 387(6631):426\u2013430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/387426a0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"21","key":"6_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10537","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.21.10537","volume":"89","author":"C Wild","year":"1992","unstructured":"Wild C, Oas T, McDanal C, Bolognesi D, Matthews T (1992) A synthetic peptide inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus replication: correlation between solution structure and viral inhibition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89(21):10537\u201310541. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.89.21.10537","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"21","key":"6_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9770","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.21.9770","volume":"91","author":"CT Wild","year":"1994","unstructured":"Wild CT, Shugars DC, Greenwell TK, McDanal CB, Matthews TJ (1994) Peptides corresponding to a predictive alpha-helical domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp41 are potent inhibitors of virus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91(21):9770\u20139774. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.91.21.9770","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"2","key":"6_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19020487","volume":"19","author":"S Xia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xia S, Xu W, Wang Q, Wang C, Hua C, Li W, Lu L, Jiang S (2018) Peptide-based membrane fusion inhibitors targeting HCoV-229E spike protein HR1 and HR2 domains. Int J Mol Sci 19(2):487. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms19020487","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"6_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.3390\/v11010056","volume":"11","author":"S Xia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xia S, Lan Q, Pu J, Wang C, Liu Z, Xu W, Wang Q, Liu H, Jiang S, Lu L (2019a) Potent MERS-CoV fusion inhibitory peptides identified from HR2 domain in spike protein of bat coronavirus HKU4. Viruses 11(1):56. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v11010056","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"4","key":"6_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaav4580","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aav4580","volume":"5","author":"S Xia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xia S, Yan L, Xu W, Agrawal AS, Algaissi A, Tseng CK, Wang Q, Du L, Tan W, Wilson IA, Jiang S, Yang B, Lu L (2019b) A pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting the HR1 domain of human coronavirus spike. Sci Adv 5(4):eaav4580. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aav4580","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"4","key":"6_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-020-0305-x","volume":"30","author":"S Xia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xia S, Liu M, Wang C, Xu W, Lan Q, Feng S, Qi F, Bao L, Du L, Liu S, Qin C, Sun F, Shi Z, Zhu Y, Jiang S, Lu L (2020a) Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 (previously 2019-nCoV) infection by a highly potent pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting its spike protein that harbors a high capacity to mediate membrane fusion. Cell Res 30(4):343\u2013355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41422-020-0305-x","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"6_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-020-0374-2","volume":"17","author":"S Xia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xia S, Zhu Y, Liu M, Lan Q, Xu W, Wu Y, Ying T, Liu S, Shi Z, Jiang S, Lu L (2020b) Fusion mechanism of 2019-nCoV and fusion inhibitors targeting HR1 domain in spike protein. Cell Mol Immunol 17(7):765\u2013767. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41423-020-0374-2","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"6_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000002208","volume":"33","author":"W Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu W, Pu J, Su S, Hua C, Su X, Wang Q, Jiang S, Lu L (2019) Revisiting the mechanism of enfuvirtide and designing an analog with improved fusion inhibitory activity by targeting triple sites in gp41. AIDS 33(10):1545\u20131555. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/QAD.0000000000002208","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"3","key":"6_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.04.083","volume":"318","author":"N Yamamoto","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yamamoto N, Yang R, Yoshinaka Y, Amari S, Nakano T, Cinatl J, Rabenau H, Doerr HW, Hunsmann G, Otaka A, Tamamura H, Fujii N, Yamamoto N (2004) HIV protease inhibitor nelfinavir inhibits replication of SARS-associated coronavirus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 318(3):719\u2013725. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.04.083","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"Pt 9","key":"6_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1107\/S2059798318008318","volume":"74","author":"L Yan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yan L, Meng B, Xiang J, Wilson IA, Yang B (2018) Crystal structure of the post-fusion core of the Human coronavirus 229E spike protein at 1.86 A resolution. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 74(Pt 9):841\u2013851. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1107\/S2059798318008318","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol"},{"issue":"6377","key":"6_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1038\/357420a0","volume":"357","author":"CL Yeager","year":"1992","unstructured":"Yeager CL, Ashmun RA, Williams RK, Cardellichio CB, Shapiro LH, Look AT, Holmes KV (1992) Human aminopeptidase N is a receptor for human coronavirus 229E. Nature 357(6377):420\u2013422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/357420a0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"6_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2021.1917309","volume":"10","author":"D Yu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yu D, Zhu Y, Yan H, Wu T, Chong H, He Y (2021) Pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitors possess potent inhibitory activity against HIV-1, HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus. Emerg. Microbes Infect 10(1):810\u2013821. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/22221751.2021.1917309","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"issue":"3","key":"6_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.05.046","volume":"319","author":"K Yuan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yuan K, Yi L, Chen J, Qu X, Qing T, Rao X, Jiang P, Hu J, Xiong Z, Nie Y, Shi X, Wang W, Ling C, Yin X, Fan K, Lai L, Ding M, Deng H (2004) Suppression of SARS-CoV entry by peptides corresponding to heptad regions on spike glycoprotein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 319(3):746\u2013752. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.05.046","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"19","key":"6_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1211721","volume":"367","author":"AM Zaki","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zaki AM, van Boheemen S, Bestebroer TM, Osterhaus AD, Fouchier RA (2012) Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia. N Engl J Med 367(19):1814\u20131820. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1211721","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"6_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000001979","volume":"33","author":"X Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang X, Ding X, Zhu Y, Chong H, Cui S, He J, Wang X, He Y (2019) Structural and functional characterization of HIV-1 cell fusion inhibitor T20. AIDS 33(1):1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/QAD.0000000000001979","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"51","key":"6_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15205","DOI":"10.1021\/bi061686w","volume":"45","author":"Q Zheng","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zheng Q, Deng Y, Liu J, van der Hoek L, Berkhout B, Lu M (2006) Core structure of S2 from the human coronavirus NL63 spike glycoprotein. Biochemistry 45(51):15205\u201315215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/bi061686w","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"8","key":"6_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017","volume":"382","author":"N Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, Zhao X, Huang B, Shi W, Lu R, Niu P, Zhan F, Ma X, Wang D, Xu W, Wu G, Gao GF, Tan W, China Novel Coronavirus I, Research T (2020a) A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med 382(8):727\u2013733. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"6_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00635","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00635-20","volume":"94","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu Y, Yu D, Yan H, Chong H, He Y (2020b) Design of potent membrane fusion inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2, an emerging coronavirus with high fusogenic activity. J Virol 94(14):e00635\u2013e00620. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.00635-20","journal-title":"J Virol"}],"container-title":["Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology","Virus Entry Inhibitors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-981-16-8702-0_6","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T09:32:48Z","timestamp":1649755968000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-981-16-8702-0_6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"ISBN":["9789811687013","9789811687020"],"references-count":65,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-16-8702-0_6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0065-2598","2214-8019"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0065-2598","type":"print"},{"value":"2214-8019","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 April 2022","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}}]}}