{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T21:05:15Z","timestamp":1757624715822,"version":"3.44.0"},"publisher-location":"Singapore","reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Nature Singapore","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9789819500994"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9789819501007"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-95-0100-7_18","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T04:37:10Z","timestamp":1755491830000},"page":"275-288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Immersion Discrepancies in Educational Serious Games Among Children\u2019s Age Groups"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yukun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"JiaLin","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"18_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michaelis, J.E., Mutlu, B.: Supporting interest in science learning with a social robot. In: Proceedings of the 18th ACM International Conference on Interaction Design and Children, pp.71\u201382. (2019)","DOI":"10.1145\/3311927.3323154"},{"key":"18_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1080\/00461520.2015.1133306","volume":"51","author":"DA Bergin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bergin, D.A.: Social influences on interest. Educ. Psychol. 51, 22\u201327 (2016)","journal-title":"Educ. Psychol."},{"issue":"3","key":"18_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1080\/10494820.2024.2414429","volume":"33","author":"T Ahmadov","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ahmadov, T., et al.: A two-phase systematic literature review on the use of serious games for sustainable environmental education. Interact. Learn. Environ. 33(3), 1945\u20131966 (2024)","journal-title":"Interact. Learn. Environ."},{"issue":"4","key":"18_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2161","DOI":"10.3390\/app15042161","volume":"15","author":"M \u017dilak","year":"2025","unstructured":"\u017dilak, M., Car, \u017d: A framework for improving accessibility of serious games in handheld augmented reality based on user interaction data. Appl. Sci. 15(4), 2161 (2025)","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"18_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3405","DOI":"10.3390\/app15063405","volume":"15","author":"JF Villada Castillo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Villada Castillo, J.F., Bohorquez Santiago, L., Mart\u00ednez Garc\u00eda, S.: Optimization of physics learning through immersive virtual reality: a study on the efficacy of serious games. Appl. Sci. 15(6), 3405 (2025)","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"18_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.3390\/technologies13030113","volume":"13","author":"SW Gundersen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gundersen, S.W., Lampropoulos, G.: Using serious games and digital games to improve students\u2019 computational thinking and programming skills in K-12 education: a systematic literature review. Technologies 13(3), 113 (2025)","journal-title":"Technologies"},{"key":"18_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brown, E., Cairns, P.A.: A grounded investigation of game immersion. In: CHI EA \u201804, pp.1297\u20131300(2004)","DOI":"10.1145\/985921.986048"},{"key":"18_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pange, J., Lekka, A., Katsigianni, S.: Serious games and motivation. In: Conference on Interactive Mobile Communication Technologies and Learning, pp.240\u2013246(2017)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-75175-7_25"},{"key":"18_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.4018\/IJGBL.2018010103","volume":"8","author":"PA Barclay","year":"2018","unstructured":"Barclay, P.A., Bowers, C.A.: Associations of subjective immersion, immersion Subfactors, and learning outcomes in the revised game engagement model. Int. J. Game Based Learn. 8, 41\u201351 (2018)","journal-title":"Int. J. Game Based Learn."},{"key":"18_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hsiao, H.: A brief review of digital games and learning. In: 2007 First IEEE International Workshop on Digital Game and Intelligent Toy Enhanced Learning (DIGITEL\u201907), pp.124\u2013129(2007)","DOI":"10.1109\/DIGITEL.2007.3"},{"key":"18_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11467","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-022-11062-z","volume":"27","author":"A Goli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Goli, A., Teymournia, F., Naemabadi, M., Garmaroodi, A.A.: Architectural design game: a serious game approach to promote teaching and learning using multimodal interfaces. Educ. Inf. Technol. 27, 11467\u201311498 (2022)","journal-title":"Educ. Inf. Technol."},{"key":"18_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cone, B.D., Thompson, M.F., Irvine, C.E., & Nguyen, T.D.: Cyber security training and awareness through game play. In: IFIP International Information Security Conference, pp.432\u2013436(2006)","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-33406-8_37"},{"key":"18_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kroustalli, C., **nogalos, S.: Studying the effects of teaching programming to lower secondary school students with a serious game: a case study with Python and CodeCombat. Educ. Inf. Technol. 26(5), 6069\u20136095 (2021)","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-021-10596-y"},{"issue":"1","key":"18_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1080\/15391523.2007.10782494","volume":"40","author":"B Gros","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gros, B.: Digital games in education: the design of games-based learning environments. J. Res. Technol. Educ. 40(1), 23\u201338 (2007)","journal-title":"J. Res. Technol. Educ."},{"issue":"1","key":"18_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1177\/1046878102033001002","volume":"33","author":"SS VanDeventer","year":"2002","unstructured":"VanDeventer, S.S., White, J.A.: Expert behavior in children\u2019s video game play. Simul. Gaming 33(1), 28\u201348 (2002)","journal-title":"Simul. Gaming"},{"key":"18_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-021-01529-0","volume":"25","author":"R Cornejo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cornejo, R., et al.: Serious games for basic learning mechanisms: reinforcing Mexican children\u2019s gross motor skills and attention. Pers. Ubiquit. Comput. 25, 375\u2013390 (2021)","journal-title":"Pers. Ubiquit. Comput."},{"key":"18_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Westera, W., et al.: Artificial intelligence moving serious gaming: presenting reusable game AI components. Educ. Inf. Technol. 25(1), 351\u2013380 (2020)","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-019-09968-2"},{"issue":"2","key":"18_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.17083\/ijsg.v5i2.220","volume":"5","author":"RS Lindberg","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lindberg, R.S., Laine, T.H.: Formative evaluation of an adaptive game for engaging learners of programming concepts in K-12. Int. J. Serious Games 5(2), 3\u201324 (2018)","journal-title":"Int. J. Serious Games"},{"key":"18_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sajjadi, P., Broeckhoven, F.V., Troyer, O.D.: Dynamically adaptive educational games: a new perspective. In: International Conference on Serious Games pp. 71\u201376(2014)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-05972-3_8"},{"issue":"3","key":"18_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1111\/jcal.12066","volume":"31","author":"MT Cheng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cheng, M.T., She, H., Annetta, L.A.: Game immersion experience: its hierarchical structure and impact on game-based science learning. J. Comput. Assist. Learn. 31(3), 232\u2013253 (2015)","journal-title":"J. Comput. Assist. Learn."},{"issue":"1","key":"18_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.4018\/IJGBL.2018010103","volume":"8","author":"PA Barclay","year":"2018","unstructured":"Barclay, P.A., Bowers, C.: Associations of subjective immersion, immersion Subfactors, and learning outcomes in the revised game engagement model. Int. J. Game-Based Learn. 8(1), 41\u201351 (2018)","journal-title":"Int. J. Game-Based Learn."},{"key":"18_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Antonaci, A., Klemke, R., Specht, M.M.: Towards design patterns for augmented reality serious games. In: International Conference on Mobile and Contextual Learning, pp.273\u2013282(2015)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-25684-9_20"},{"key":"18_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greipl, S., Moeller, K., Kiili, K., Ninaus, M.: Lifelong learning with a digital math game: performance and basic experience differences across age. In Games and Learning Alliance: 8th International Conference, GALA 2019, Athens, Greece, November 27\u201329, 2019, Proceedings 8, pp. 301\u2013311. Springer International Publishing(2019)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-34350-7_29"},{"key":"18_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wan, B., Huang, W., Bai, L., Guo, J.: Using support vector machine on EEG signals for college students\u2019 immersive learning evaluation. In 2021 7th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN), pp. 1\u20135. IEEE (2021)","DOI":"10.23919\/iLRN52045.2021.9459341"},{"issue":"4700","key":"18_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3992243","volume":"228","author":"WJ Ray","year":"1985","unstructured":"Ray, W.J., Cole, H.W.: EEG alpha activity reflects attentional demands, and beta activity reflects emotional and cognitive processes. Science 228(4700), 750\u2013752 (1985)","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"18_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00286-6","volume":"19","author":"H Laufs","year":"2003","unstructured":"Laufs, H., et al.: EEG-correlated fMRI of human alpha activity. Neuroimage 19(4), 1463\u20131476 (2003)","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"20","key":"18_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5851","DOI":"10.3390\/s20205851","volume":"20","author":"F \u0160kola","year":"2020","unstructured":"\u0160kola, F., et al.: Virtual reality with 360-video storytelling in cultural heritage: study of presence, engagement, and immersion. Sensors 20(20), 5851 (2020)","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"18_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tauscher, J.P., et al.: Immersive EEG: evaluating electroencephalography in virtual reality. In 2019 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR), pp. 1794\u20131800. IEEE (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2019.8797858"},{"key":"18_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s10055-018-0376-x","volume":"23","author":"Y Shu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shu, Y., Huang, Y., Chang, S., Chen, M.: Do virtual reality head-mounted displays make a difference? A comparison of presence and self-efficacy between head-mounted displays and desktop computer-facilitated virtual environments. Virtual Reality 23, 437\u2013446 (2018)","journal-title":"Virtual Reality"},{"key":"18_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2021.104214","volume":"169","author":"AJ Barrett","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barrett, A.J., Pack, A., Quaid, E.D.: Understanding learners\u2019 acceptance of high-immersion virtual reality systems: insights from confirmatory and exploratory PLS-SEM analyses. Comput. Educ. 169, 104214 (2021)","journal-title":"Comput. Educ."},{"key":"18_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, W., Roscoe, R.D., Johnson\u2010Glenberg, M.C., Craig, S.D.: Motivation, engagement, and performance across multiple virtual reality sessions and levels of immersion. J. Comput. Assist. Learn. 37(3), 745\u2013758 (2021)","DOI":"10.1111\/jcal.12520"},{"key":"18_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Acharya, R.U., et al.: Symptomatic vs. asymptomatic plaque classification in carotid ultrasound. J. Med. Syst. 36, 1861\u20131871 (2012)","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-010-9645-2"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Computer Animation and Social Agents"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-981-95-0100-7_18","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T15:17:19Z","timestamp":1757431039000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-981-95-0100-7_18"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]},"ISBN":["9789819500994","9789819501007"],"references-count":32,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-95-0100-7_18","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0302-9743"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1611-3349"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 August 2025","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"We declare that we have no financial and personal conflicts of interests with other people or other organizations that may inappropriately influence our work. There are no professional or personal conflicts of interests of any nature or any kind in any product, service and\/or company that could be construed as influencing the position presented in, or the review in, the manuscript entitled.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure of Interests"}},{"value":"Ethics approval all procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Hel-sinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The IRB approval number is PMSM-20210227.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure of Interests"}},{"value":"Availability of data and materials all data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article (and its supplementary information files). Requests for material should be made to the corresponding authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure of Interests"}},{"value":"CASA","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Strasbourg","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"France","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2025","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2 June 2025","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"5 June 2025","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"38","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"casa2025","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/casa2025.sciencesconf.org\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}