{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T04:02:20Z","timestamp":1768881740332,"version":"3.49.0"},"publisher-location":"Singapore","reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Nature Singapore","isbn-type":[{"value":"9789819531011","type":"print"},{"value":"9789819531028","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-95-3102-8_1","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T17:29:28Z","timestamp":1762882168000},"page":"1-19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["BuildingView: Constructing Urban Building Exteriors Databases with\u00a0Street View Imagery and\u00a0Multimodal Large Language Model"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0933-6439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zongrong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8371-7972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunlei","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8867-3940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongrong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0265-3465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wufan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"1_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xie, D., Gou, Z.: Dissipating surplus solar photovoltaics capacity from net-zero energy buildings to electric vehicle charging stations in nearby parking lots: a study in new York city. Energy and Buildings 303 (2024)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2023.113818"},{"key":"1_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Orsini, F., Marrone, P.: Approaches for a low-carbon production of building materials: a review. J. Cleaner Prod. 241 2019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.118380"},{"key":"1_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liang, X., Chang, J. H., Gao, S., Zhao, T., Biljecki, F.: Evaluating human perception of building exteriors using street view imagery. Build. Environ. 263 (2024)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2024.111875"},{"key":"1_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liang, X., Chang, J. H., Gao, S., Zhao, T., Biljecki, F.: Evaluating human perception of building exteriors using street view imagery. Build. Environ. 111875 (2024)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2024.111875"},{"key":"1_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2021.104217","volume":"215","author":"F Biljecki","year":"2021","unstructured":"Biljecki, F., Ito, K.: Street view imagery in urban analytics and GIS: a review. Landsc. Urban Plan. 215, 104217 (2021)","journal-title":"Landsc. Urban Plan."},{"key":"1_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52598","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2869976","volume":"6","author":"P Zhao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhao, P., Miao, Q., Song, J., Qi, Y., Liu, R., Ge, D.: Architectural style classification based on feature extraction module. IEEE Access 6, 52598\u201352606 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"1_CR7","first-page":"388","volume":"409\u2013410","author":"Xiao Hong Ding and Hai Hong Hu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Xiao Hong Ding and Hai Hong Hu: Analysis of the building\u2019s exterior color and material. Appl. Mech. Mater. 409\u2013410, 388\u2013391 (2013)","journal-title":"Appl. Mech. Mater."},{"key":"1_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rundle, A.G., Bader, M.D., Richards, C.A., Neckerman, K.M., Teitler, J.O.: Using google street view to audit neighborhood environments. Am. J. Preven. Med. 40(1), 94\u2013100 (2011)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2010.09.034"},{"key":"1_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gupta, V., Deb, C.: Envelope design for low-energy buildings in the tropics: a review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 186 (2023)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2023.113650"},{"key":"1_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, S., Ogawa, Y., Zhao, C., Sekimoto, Y.: Large-scale building footprint extraction from open-sourced satellite imagery via instance segmentation approach. In: IGARSS 2022-2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, pp. 6284\u20136287. IEEE (2022)","DOI":"10.1109\/IGARSS46834.2022.9884762"},{"key":"1_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2020.103920","volume":"205","author":"D Ki","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ki, D., Lee, S.: Analyzing the effects of green view index of neighborhood streets on walking time using google street view and deep learning. Landsc. Urban Plan. 205, 103920 (2021)","journal-title":"Landsc. Urban Plan."},{"key":"1_CR12","unstructured":"Kim, J.H., Lee, S., Hipp, J.R., Ki, D.: Measuring the built environment with google street view and machine learning: consequences for crime on street segments. J. Quantitative Criminol. 1\u201329 (2021)"},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1177\/00139165211014609","volume":"54","author":"BW Koo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Koo, B.W., Guhathakurta, S., Botchwey, N.: How are neighborhood and street-level walkability factors associated with walking behaviors? a big data approach using street view images. Environ. Behav. 54(1), 211\u2013241 (2022)","journal-title":"Environ. Behav."},{"key":"1_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2024.06.023","volume":"215","author":"Y Hou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hou, Y., et al.: Global streetscapes-a comprehensive dataset of 10 million street-level images across 688 cities for urban science and analytics. ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote. Sens. 215, 216\u2013238 (2024)","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote. Sens."},{"key":"1_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Biljecki, F., Chow, Y.S.: Global building morphology indicators. Comput. Environ. Urban Syst. 95 (2022)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compenvurbsys.2022.101809"},{"key":"1_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, G., Fang, J., Yan, C., Huang, D., Hu, K., Zhou, K.: Advancements in smart building envelopes: a comprehensive review. Energy Build., 114190 (2024)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2024.114190"},{"issue":"15","key":"1_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.21834\/ebpj.v5i15.2500","volume":"5","author":"A Alsehail","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alsehail, A., Almhafdy, A.: The effect of window-to-wall ratio (WWR) and window orientation (wo) on the thermal performance: a preliminary overview. Environ. Behav. Proc. J. 5(15), 165\u2013173 (2020)","journal-title":"Environ. Behav. Proc. J."},{"key":"1_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ay\u015fe,\u00a0F.A.: Determination of optimum building envelope parameters of a room concerning window-to-wall ratio, orientation, insulation thickness and window type. Buildings 12(3) (2022)","DOI":"10.3390\/buildings12030383"},{"key":"1_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2016.10.014","volume":"111","author":"M Han","year":"2017","unstructured":"Han, M., Chen, H.: Effect of external air-conditioner units\u2019 heat release modes and positions on energy consumption in large public buildings. Build. Environ. 111, 47\u201360 (2017)","journal-title":"Build. Environ."},{"issue":"8","key":"1_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2011.07.014","volume":"15","author":"SB Sadineni","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sadineni, S.B., Madala, S., Boehm, R.F.: Passive building energy savings: a review of building envelope components. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 15(8), 3617\u20133631 (2011)","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"1_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cheuk,\u00a0F.N.: Perception and evaluation of buildings: the effects of style and frequency of exposure. Collabra: Psychol. 6(1), 44 (2020)","DOI":"10.1525\/collabra.324"},{"issue":"6","key":"1_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.3390\/horticulturae8060526","volume":"8","author":"AC Carlo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Carlo, A.C., et al.: Vertical greenery as natural tool for improving energy efficiency of buildings. Horticulturae 8(6), 526 (2022)","journal-title":"Horticulturae"},{"key":"1_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Champagne, M.P., Dub\u00e9, J., Barla, P.: Build it and they will come: how does a new public transit station influence building construction? J. Transp. Geography 100 (2022)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2022.103320"},{"key":"1_CR24","first-page":"10","volume":"2015","author":"K Clemens","year":"2015","unstructured":"Clemens, K.: Geocoding with openstreetmap data. GEOProcessing 2015, 10 (2015)","journal-title":"Geocoding with openstreetmap data. GEOProcessing"},{"key":"1_CR25","unstructured":"Roland, O., et\u00a0al.: Overpass api. Anwenderkonferenz f\u00fcr Freie und Open Source Software f\u00fcr Geoinformationssysteme (2011)"},{"key":"1_CR26","unstructured":"OpenAI. Chatgpt, Large language model (2023)"},{"key":"1_CR27","unstructured":"Richard, L.: The city in literature: an intellectual and cultural history. Univ of California Press (2023)"},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foar.2019.04.002","volume":"9","author":"L Havinga","year":"2020","unstructured":"Havinga, L., Colenbrander, B., Schellen, H.: Heritage attributes of post-war housing in amsterdam. Front. Architectural Res. 9(1), 1\u201319 (2020)","journal-title":"Front. Architectural Res."},{"key":"1_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2022.109735","volume":"226","author":"H Yan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yan, H., Ji, G., Yan, K.: Data-driven prediction and optimization of residential building performance in singapore considering the impact of climate change. Build. Environ. 226, 109735 (2022)","journal-title":"Build. Environ."},{"key":"1_CR30","unstructured":"Jonathan, B.: OpenStreetMap. Packt Publishing Ltd (2010)"},{"issue":"6","key":"1_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2010.170","volume":"43","author":"D Anguelov","year":"2010","unstructured":"Anguelov, D., et al.: Google street view: capturing the world at street level. Computer 43(6), 32\u201338 (2010)","journal-title":"Computer"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Spatial Data and Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-981-95-3102-8_1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T17:29:41Z","timestamp":1762882181000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-981-95-3102-8_1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"ISBN":["9789819531011","9789819531028"],"references-count":31,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-95-3102-8_1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 November 2025","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure of Interests"}},{"value":"SpatialDI","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Spatial Data and Intelligence","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Xiamen","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"China","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2025","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"17 April 2025","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"17 April 2025","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"spatialdi2025","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}