{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T18:23:35Z","timestamp":1783103015543,"version":"3.54.6"},"publisher-location":"Singapore","reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Nature Singapore","isbn-type":[{"value":"9789819533459","type":"print"},{"value":"9789819533466","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,23]],"date-time":"2025-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763856000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,23]],"date-time":"2025-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-95-3346-6_18","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T05:49:47Z","timestamp":1763790587000},"page":"236-249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["SAGEC: Syntax-Aware Grammatical Error Correction with\u00a0Retrieval-Augmented Generation"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Xiao","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shichang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengtao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengxiang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cunli","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"18_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bryant, C., Felice, M., Andersen, \u00d8.E., Briscoe, T.: The BEA-2019 shared task on grammatical error correction. In: Proceedings of BEA@ACL, pp. 52\u201375 (2019)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W19-4406"},{"key":"18_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bryant, C., Felice, M., Briscoe, T.: Automatic annotation and evaluation of error types for grammatical error correction. In: Proceedings of ACL, pp. 793\u2013805 (2017)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P17-1074"},{"key":"18_CR3","unstructured":"Dahlmeier, D., Ng, H.T.: Better evaluation for grammatical error correction. In: Human Language Technologies: Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association of Computational Linguistics, Proceedings, 3\u20138 June 2012, Montr\u00e9al, Canada, pp. 568\u2013572 (2012)"},{"key":"18_CR4","unstructured":"Dahlmeier, D., Ng, H.T., Wu, S.M.: Building a large annotated corpus of learner english: the NUS corpus of learner english. In: Proceedings of AACL, pp. 22\u201331 (2013)"},{"key":"18_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dettmers, T., Pagnoni, A., Holtzman, A., Zettlemoyer, L.: Qlora: efficient finetuning of quantized LLMs. In: Proceedings of NeurIPS (2023)","DOI":"10.52202\/075280-0441"},{"key":"18_CR6","unstructured":"Dubey, A., et\u00a0al.: The llama 3 herd of models. CoRR (2024)"},{"key":"18_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fang, T., Hu, J., Wong, D.F., Wan, X., Chao, L.S., Chang, T.: Improving grammatical error correction with multimodal feature integration. In: Proceedings of ACL Findings, pp. 9328\u20139344 (2023)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.findings-acl.594"},{"key":"18_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao, R., Zhang, Z., Du, Y., Liu, L., Wang, R.: Nearest neighbor machine translation is meta-optimizer on output projection layer. In: Proceedings of EMNLP, pp. 15592\u201315608 (2023)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.emnlp-main.964"},{"key":"18_CR9","unstructured":"Jeronymo, V., et\u00a0al.: Inpars-v2: large language models as efficient dataset generators for information retrieval. CoRR (2023)"},{"key":"18_CR10","unstructured":"Jiang, A.Q., et\u00a0al.: Mistral 7b. CoRR (2023)"},{"key":"18_CR11","unstructured":"Kingma, D.P., Ba, J.: Adam: a method for stochastic optimization. In: Proceedings of ICLR (2015)"},{"key":"18_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kocsis, L., Szepesv\u00e1ri, C.: Bandit based Monte-Carlo planning. In: Proceedings of ECML, pp. 282\u2013293 (2006)","DOI":"10.1007\/11871842_29"},{"key":"18_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lewis, M., et\u00a0al.: BART: denoising sequence-to-sequence pre-training for natural language generation, translation, and comprehension. In: Proceedings of ACL, pp. 7871\u20137880 (2020)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.acl-main.703"},{"key":"18_CR14","unstructured":"Lewis, P.S.H., et\u00a0al.: Retrieval-augmented generation for knowledge-intensive NLP tasks. In: Proceedings of NeurIPS (2020)"},{"key":"18_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, W., Wang, H.: Detection-correction structure via general language model for grammatical error correction. In: Proceedings of ACL, pp. 1748\u20131763 (2024)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.acl-long.96"},{"key":"18_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Y., et\u00a0al.: Templategec: improving grammatical error correction with detection template. In: Proceedings of ACL, pp. 6878\u20136892 (2023)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.acl-long.380"},{"key":"18_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Z., Parnow, K., Zhao, H.: Incorporating rich syntax information in grammatical error correction. Inf. Process. Manag. (2022)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2022.102891"},{"key":"18_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ng, H.T., Wu, S.M., Briscoe, T., Hadiwinoto, C., Susanto, R.H., Bryant, C.: The CoNLL-2014 shared task on grammatical error correction. In: Proceedings of CoNLL, pp. 1\u201314 (2014)","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/W14-1701"},{"key":"18_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Omelianchuk, K., Atrasevych, V., Chernodub, A.N., Skurzhanskyi, O.: Gector - grammatical error correction: tag, not rewrite. In: Proceedings of BEA@ACL, pp. 163\u2013170 (2020)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.bea-1.16"},{"key":"18_CR20","unstructured":"OpenAI: GPT-4 technical report. CoRR (2023)"},{"key":"18_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qorib, M.R., Ng, H.T.: System combination via quality estimation for grammatical error correction. In: Proceedings of EMNLP, pp. 12746\u201312759 (2023)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.emnlp-main.785"},{"key":"18_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi, W., et\u00a0al.: REPLUG: retrieval-augmented black-box language models. In: Proceedings of NAACL, pp. 8371\u20138384 (2024)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.naacl-long.463"},{"key":"18_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tang, C., Qu, F., Wu, Y.: Ungrammatical-syntax-based in-context example selection for grammatical error correction. In: Proceedings of NAACL, pp. 1758\u20131770 (2024)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.naacl-long.99"},{"key":"18_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, X., Wu, Y.: From spelling to grammar: a new framework for Chinese grammatical error correction. In: Proceedings of EMNLP Findings, pp. 889\u2013902 (2022)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.findings-emnlp.63"},{"key":"18_CR25","unstructured":"Xie, Y., et\u00a0al.: Monte Carlo tree search boosts reasoning via iterative preference learning. CoRR (2024)"},{"key":"18_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, L., Wu, J., Peng, J., Fu, J., Cai, M.: FCGEC: fine-grained corpus for Chinese grammatical error correction. In: Proceedings of EMNLP Findings, pp. 1900\u20131918 (2022)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.findings-emnlp.137"},{"key":"18_CR27","unstructured":"Yang, A., et\u00a0al.: Qwen2 technical report. CoRR (2024)"},{"key":"18_CR28","unstructured":"Yannakoudakis, H., Briscoe, T., Medlock, B.: A new dataset and method for automatically grading ESOL texts. In: Proceedings of ACL, pp. 180\u2013189 (2011)"},{"key":"18_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ye, J., Li, Y., Li, Y., Zheng, H.: Mixedit: revisiting data augmentation and beyond for grammatical error correction. In: Proceedings of EMNLP Findings, pp. 10161\u201310175 (2023)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.findings-emnlp.681"},{"key":"18_CR30","unstructured":"Zeng, A., et\u00a0al.: Chatglm: a family of large language models from GLM-130B to GLM-4 all tools. CoRR (2024)"},{"key":"18_CR31","unstructured":"Zhang, B.: Features and functions of the HSK dynamic composition corpus. International Chinese Language Education (2009)"},{"key":"18_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., et\u00a0al.: Mucgec: a multi-reference multi-source evaluation dataset for Chinese grammatical error correction. In: Proceedings of NAACL, pp. 3118\u20133130 (2022)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.naacl-main.227"},{"key":"18_CR33","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Cui, L., Cai, D., Huang, X., Fang, T., Bi, W.: Multi-task instruction tuning of llama for specific scenarios: a preliminary study on writing assistance. CoRR (2023)"},{"key":"18_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Zhang, B., Li, Z., Bao, Z., Li, C., Zhang, M.: Syngec: syntax-enhanced grammatical error correction with a tailored GEC-oriented parser. In: Proceedings of EMNLP, pp. 2518\u20132531 (2022)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.emnlp-main.162"},{"key":"18_CR35","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-99501-4_41","volume-title":"Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhao, Y., Jiang, N., Sun, W., Wan, X.: Overview of the NLPCC 2018 shared task: grammatical error correction. In: Zhang, M., Ng, V., Zhao, D., Li, S., Zan, H. (eds.) NLPCC 2018. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 11109, pp. 439\u2013445. Springer, Cham (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-99501-4_41"},{"key":"18_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng, Y., Zhang, R., Zhang, J., Ye, Y., Luo, Z., Ma, Y.: Llamafactory: unified efficient fine-tuning of 100+ language models. CoRR (2024)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.acl-demos.38"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-981-95-3346-6_18","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T18:12:40Z","timestamp":1783102360000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-981-95-3346-6_18"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,23]]},"ISBN":["9789819533459","9789819533466"],"references-count":36,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-95-3346-6_18","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 November 2025","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"NLPCC","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"CCF International Conference on Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Urumqi","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"China","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2025","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"7 August 2025","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"9 August 2025","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"14","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"nlpcc2025","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/tcci.ccf.org.cn\/conference\/2025\/index.php","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}