{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T15:35:01Z","timestamp":1782574501428,"version":"3.54.5"},"publisher-location":"Singapore","reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Nature Singapore","isbn-type":[{"value":"9789819550173","type":"print"},{"value":"9789819550180","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765152000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-95-5018-0_11","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,7]],"date-time":"2025-12-07T11:57:00Z","timestamp":1765108620000},"page":"317-351","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Persistence of Hourglass(-like) Structure: Improved Differential-Linear Distinguishers for\u00a0Several ARX Ciphers"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Xinxin","family":"Gong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingju","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonglin","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Jiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xichao","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"11_CR1","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-34931-7_28","volume-title":"Progress in Cryptology - INDOCRYPT 2012","author":"J-P Aumasson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aumasson, J.-P., Bernstein, D.J.: SipHash: a fast short-input PRF. In: Galbraith, S., Nandi, M. (eds.) INDOCRYPT 2012. LNCS, vol. 7668, pp. 489\u2013508. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-34931-7_28"},{"key":"11_CR2","unstructured":"Aumasson, J.P., Henzen, L., Meier, W., Phan, R.C.W.: SHA-3 proposal BLAKE (2009)"},{"key":"11_CR3","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-17653-2_11","volume-title":"Advances in Cryptology \u2013 EUROCRYPT 2019","author":"A Bar-On","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bar-On, A., Dunkelman, O., Keller, N., Weizman, A.: DLCT: a new tool for differential-linear cryptanalysis. In: Ishai, Y., Rijmen, V. (eds.) EUROCRYPT 2019. LNCS, vol. 11476, pp. 313\u2013342. Springer, Cham (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-17653-2_11"},{"key":"11_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beaulieu, R., Shors, D., Smith, J., Treatman-Clark, S., Weeks, B., Wingers, L.: The SIMON and SPECK lightweight block ciphers. In: 52nd Annual Design Automation Conference (DAC), pp. 175:1\u2013175:6. ACM (2015)","DOI":"10.1145\/2744769.2747946"},{"key":"11_CR5","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-56877-1_15","volume-title":"Advances in Cryptology \u2013 CRYPTO 2020","author":"C Beierle","year":"2020","unstructured":"Beierle, C., et al.: Alzette: a 64-bit ARX-box. In: Micciancio, D., Ristenpart, T. (eds.) CRYPTO 2020. LNCS, vol. 12172, pp. 419\u2013448. Springer, Cham (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-56877-1_15"},{"key":"11_CR6","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-56877-1_12","volume-title":"Advances in Cryptology \u2013 CRYPTO 2020","author":"C Beierle","year":"2020","unstructured":"Beierle, C., Leander, G., Todo, Y.: Improved differential-linear attacks with applications to ARX ciphers. In: Micciancio, D., Ristenpart, T. (eds.) CRYPTO 2020. LNCS, vol. 12172, pp. 329\u2013358. Springer, Cham (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-56877-1_12"},{"key":"11_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bellini, E., Gerault, D., Grados, J., Makarim, R.H., Peyrin, T.: Boosting differential-linear cryptanalysis of ChaCha7 with MILP. IACR Trans. Symmetric Cryptol. 2023(2), 189\u2013223 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.46586\/tosc.v2023.i2.189-223","DOI":"10.46586\/tosc.v2023.i2.189-223"},{"key":"11_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bellini, E., G\u00e9rault, D., Grados, J., Makarim, R.H., Peyrin, T.: Fully automated differential-linear attacks against ARX ciphers. In: Rosulek, M. (ed.) CT-RSA 2023. LNCS, vol. 13871, pp. 252\u2013276. Springer (2023)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-30872-7_10"},{"key":"11_CR9","unstructured":"Bernstein, D.J.: ChaCha, a variant of Salsa20. In: Workshop record of SASC (2008)"},{"key":"11_CR10","unstructured":"Bernstein, D.J.: The Salsa20 family of stream ciphers. In: the eSTREAM Finalists (2008)"},{"key":"11_CR11","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-04852-9_12","volume-title":"Topics in Cryptology \u2013 CT-RSA 2014","author":"A Biryukov","year":"2014","unstructured":"Biryukov, A., Velichkov, V.: Automatic search for differential trails in ARX ciphers. In: Benaloh, J. (ed.) CT-RSA 2014. LNCS, vol. 8366, pp. 227\u2013250. Springer, Cham (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-04852-9_12"},{"key":"11_CR12","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-52993-5_15","volume-title":"Fast Software Encryption","author":"A Biryukov","year":"2016","unstructured":"Biryukov, A., Velichkov, V., Le Corre, Y.: Automatic search for the best trails in ARX: application to block cipher Speck. In: Peyrin, T. (ed.) FSE 2016. LNCS, vol. 9783, pp. 289\u2013310. Springer, Heidelberg (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-662-52993-5_15"},{"key":"11_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y., Bao, Z., Yu, H.: Differential-linear approximation semi-unconstrained searching and partition tree: application to LEA and SPECK. In: Guo, J., Steinfeld, R. (eds.) ASIACRYPT 2023. LNCS, vol. 14440, pp. 223\u2013255. Springer, Singapore (2023)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-99-8727-6_8"},{"key":"11_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coutinho, M., Passos, I., del Carmen Grados\u00a0Vasquez, J., de\u00a0Mendon\u00e7a, F.L.L., de\u00a0Sousa, R.T., Borges, F.: Latin dances reloaded: improved cryptanalysis against Salsa and ChaCha, and the proposal of Forr\u00f3. In: Agrawal, S., Lin, D. (eds.) ASIACRYPT 2022, Part I. LNCS, vol. 13791, pp. 256\u2013286. Springer (2022)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-22963-3_9"},{"key":"11_CR15","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-77870-5_25","volume-title":"Advances in Cryptology \u2013 EUROCRYPT 2021","author":"M Coutinho","year":"2021","unstructured":"Coutinho, M., Souza Neto, T.C.: Improved linear approximations to ARX ciphers and attacks against ChaCha. In: Canteaut, A., Standaert, F.-X. (eds.) EUROCRYPT 2021. LNCS, vol. 12696, pp. 711\u2013740. Springer, Cham (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-77870-5_25"},{"issue":"1","key":"11_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13958","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-39849-1","volume":"13","author":"C Dey","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dey, C., Sarkar, S.: A new distinguishing attack on reduced round ChaCha permutation. Sci. Rep. 13(1), 13958 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-39849-1","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"9","key":"11_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6114","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2022.3171865","volume":"68","author":"S Dey","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dey, S., Dey, C., Sarkar, S., Meier, W.: Revisiting cryptanalysis on ChaCha from Crypto 2020 and Eurocrypt 2021. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theor. 68(9), 6114\u20136133 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TIT.2022.3171865","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inf. Theor."},{"key":"11_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dey, S., Garai, H.K., Sarkar, S., Sharma, N.K.: Revamped differential-linear cryptanalysis on reduced round ChaCha. In: Dunkelman, O., Dziembowski, S. (eds.) EUROCRYPT 2022. LNCS, vol. 13277, pp. 86\u2013114. Springer (2022)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-07082-2_4"},{"key":"11_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dey, S., Maitra, S., Sarkar, S., Sharma, N.K.: Significantly improved cryptanalysis of Salsa20 with two-round criteria. IACR Trans. Symmetric Cryptol. 2025(1), 420\u2013443 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.46586\/TOSC.V2025.I1.420-443","DOI":"10.46586\/TOSC.V2025.I1.420-443"},{"key":"11_CR20","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-53887-6_18","volume-title":"Advances in Cryptology \u2013 ASIACRYPT 2016","author":"D Dinu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dinu, D., Perrin, L., Udovenko, A., Velichkov, V., Gro\u00dfsch\u00e4dl, J., Biryukov, A.: Design strategies for ARX with provable bounds: Sparx and LAX. In: Cheon, J.H., Takagi, T. (eds.) ASIACRYPT 2016. LNCS, vol. 10031, pp. 484\u2013513. Springer, Heidelberg (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-662-53887-6_18"},{"key":"11_CR21","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-16715-2_20","volume-title":"Topics in Cryptology \u2013- CT-RSA 2015","author":"C Dobraunig","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dobraunig, C., Eichlseder, M., Mendel, F., Schl\u00e4ffer, M.: Cryptanalysis of Ascon. In: Nyberg, K. (ed.) CT-RSA 2015. LNCS, vol. 9048, pp. 371\u2013387. Springer, Cham (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-16715-2_20"},{"key":"11_CR22","unstructured":"Ferguson, N., et al.: The Skein hash function family. In: Submission to NIST (2010)"},{"key":"11_CR23","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-52993-5_14","volume-title":"Fast Software Encryption","author":"K Fu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fu, K., Wang, M., Guo, Y., Sun, S., Hu, L.: MILP-based automatic search algorithms for differential and linear trails for speck. In: Peyrin, T. (ed.) FSE 2016. LNCS, vol. 9783, pp. 268\u2013288. Springer, Heidelberg (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-662-52993-5_14"},{"key":"11_CR24","unstructured":"Gong, X., Wang, Q., Hao, Y., Jiao, L., Hu, X.: Persistence of hourglass(-like) structure: improved differential-linear distinguishers for several ARX ciphers. Cryptology ePrint Archive, Paper 2025\/1667 (2025). https:\/\/eprint.iacr.org\/2025\/1667"},{"key":"11_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hong, D., Lee, J., Kim, D., Kwon, D., Ryu, K.H., Lee, D.: LEA: a 128-bit block cipher for fast encryption on common processors. In: Kim, Y., Lee, H., Perrig, A. (eds.) WISA 2013. LNCS, vol.\u00a08267, pp. 3\u201327. Springer (2013)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-05149-9_1"},{"key":"11_CR26","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/11894063_4","volume-title":"Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems - CHES 2006","author":"D Hong","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hong, D., et al.: HIGHT: a new block cipher suitable for low-resource device. In: Goubin, L., Matsui, M. (eds.) CHES 2006. LNCS, vol. 4249, pp. 46\u201359. Springer, Heidelberg (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/11894063_4"},{"key":"11_CR27","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-48658-5_3","volume-title":"Advances in Cryptology \u2014 CRYPTO \u201994","author":"SK Langford","year":"1994","unstructured":"Langford, S.K., Hellman, M.E.: Differential-linear cryptanalysis. In: Desmedt, Y.G. (ed.) CRYPTO 1994. LNCS, vol. 839, pp. 17\u201325. Springer, Heidelberg (1994). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/3-540-48658-5_3"},{"key":"11_CR28","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-49890-3_14","volume-title":"Advances in Cryptology \u2013 EUROCRYPT 2016","author":"G Leurent","year":"2016","unstructured":"Leurent, G.: Improved differential-linear cryptanalysis of 7-round chaskey with partitioning. In: Fischlin, M., Coron, J.-S. (eds.) EUROCRYPT 2016. LNCS, vol. 9665, pp. 344\u2013371. Springer, Heidelberg (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-662-49890-3_14"},{"key":"11_CR29","unstructured":"Lv, G., Jin, C., Cui, T.: A MIQCP-based automatic search algorithm for differential-linear trails of ARX ciphers(long paper). Cryptology ePrint Archive, Paper 2023\/259 (2023). https:\/\/eprint.iacr.org\/2023\/259"},{"key":"11_CR30","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-13051-4_19","volume-title":"Selected Areas in Cryptography \u2013 SAC 2014","author":"N Mouha","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mouha, N., Mennink, B., Van Herrewege, A., Watanabe, D., Preneel, B., Verbauwhede, I.: Chaskey: an efficient MAC algorithm for 32-bit microcontrollers. In: Joux, A., Youssef, A. (eds.) SAC 2014. LNCS, vol. 8781, pp. 306\u2013323. Springer, Cham (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-13051-4_19"},{"key":"11_CR31","unstructured":"Mouha, N., Preneel, B.: Towards finding optimal differential characteristics for ARX: application to Salsa20. Cryptology ePrint Archive, Paper 2013\/328 (2013). https:\/\/eprint.iacr.org\/2013\/328"},{"key":"11_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niu, Z., Sun, S., Liu, Y., Li, C.: Rotational differential-linear distinguishers of ARX ciphers with arbitrary output linear masks. In: Dodis, Y., Shrimpton, T. (eds.) CRYPTO 2022, Part I. LNCS, vol. 13507, pp. 3\u201332. Springer (2022)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-15802-5_1"},{"key":"11_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roh, D.: Differential-linear approximations of CHAM. Electronics 13(16) (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/electronics13163141","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics13163141"},{"key":"11_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, F., Wang, G.: Improved differential-linear attack with application to round-reduced SPECK32\/64. In: Ateniese, G., Venturi, D. (eds.) ACNS 2022. LNCS, vol. 13269, pp. 792\u2013808. Springer (2022)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-09234-3_39"},{"key":"11_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, Z., Xu, H., Tan, L., Qi, W.: Differential-linear cryptanalysis of reduced round ChaCha. IACR Trans. Symmetric Cryptol. 2024(2), 166\u2013189 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.46586\/tosc.v2024.i2.166-189","DOI":"10.46586\/tosc.v2024.i2.166-189"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Advances in Cryptology \u2013 ASIACRYPT 2025"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-981-95-5018-0_11","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,7]],"date-time":"2025-12-07T11:57:03Z","timestamp":1765108623000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-981-95-5018-0_11"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"ISBN":["9789819550173","9789819550180"],"references-count":35,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-95-5018-0_11","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 December 2025","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"ASIACRYPT","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Melbourne, VIC","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Australia","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2025","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"8 December 2025","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"12 December 2025","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"31","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"asiacrypt2025","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/asiacrypt.iacr.org\/2025\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}