{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T11:34:47Z","timestamp":1767872087241,"version":"3.49.0"},"publisher-location":"Singapore","reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Nature Singapore","isbn-type":[{"value":"9789819557011","type":"print"},{"value":"9789819557028","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-95-5702-8_7","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T08:28:42Z","timestamp":1767860922000},"page":"93-108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["NDFormer: A Mixed-Scale Transformer with\u00a0Enhanced Nonlinearity for\u00a0Nighttime Image Deraining"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Zhirui","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shangquan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuning","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dehong","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenqi","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kin-Man","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"7_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-022-00520-5","volume":"4","author":"Y Almalioglu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Almalioglu, Y., Turan, M., Trigoni, N., Markham, A.: Deep learning-based robust positioning for all-weather autonomous driving. Nat. Mach. Intell. 4(9), 749\u2013760 (2022)","journal-title":"Nat. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"7_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ba, Y., et al.: Not just streaks: towards ground truth for single image deraining. In: Avidan, S., Brostow, G., Ciss\u00e9, M., Farinella, G.M., Hassner, T. (eds.) Computer Vision \u2013 ECCV 2022, ECCV 2022. LNCS, vol. 13667, pp 723\u2013740. Springer, Cham (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-20071-7_42","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-20071-7_42"},{"key":"7_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, X., Li, H., Li, M., Pan, J.: Learning a sparse transformer network for effective image deraining. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 5896\u20135905 (2023)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.00571"},{"key":"7_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, X., Pan, J., Dong, J.: Bidirectional multi-scale implicit neural representations for image deraining. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 25627\u201325636 (2024)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52733.2024.02421"},{"key":"7_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y.L., Hsu, C.T.: A generalized low-rank appearance model for spatio-temporally correlated rain streaks. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 1968\u20131975 (2013)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2013.247"},{"key":"7_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cui, Y., Ren, W., Cao, X., Knoll, A.: Revitalizing convolutional network for image restoration. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. (2024)","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2024.3419007"},{"key":"7_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deng, S., et al.: Detail-recovery image deraining via context aggregation networks. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 14560\u201314569 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.01457"},{"key":"7_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang, K., et al.: Multi-scale progressive fusion network for single image deraining. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 8346\u20138355 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00837"},{"key":"7_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jin, Y., Lin, B., Yan, W., Yuan, Y., Ye, W., Tan, R.T.: Enhancing visibility in nighttime haze images using guided APSF and gradient adaptive convolution. In: Proceedings of the 31st ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 2446\u20132457 (2023)","DOI":"10.1145\/3581783.3611884"},{"issue":"4","key":"7_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2011.2179057","volume":"21","author":"LW Kang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kang, L.W., Lin, C.W., Fu, Y.H.: Automatic single-image-based rain streaks removal via image decomposition. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 21(4), 1742\u20131755 (2011)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"issue":"1","key":"7_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s44267-024-00066-7","volume":"2","author":"D Kong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kong, D., Liang, S., Zhu, X., Zhong, Y., Ren, W.: Patch is enough: naturalistic adversarial patch against vision-language pre-training models. Vis. Intell. 2(1), 33 (2024)","journal-title":"Vis. Intell."},{"key":"7_CR12","unstructured":"Li, W., Zhang, Q., Zhang, J., Huang, Z., Tian, X., Tao, D.: Toward real-world single image deraining: a new benchmark and beyond. arXiv preprint arXiv:2206.05514 (2022)"},{"key":"7_CR13","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01234-2_16","volume-title":"Computer Vision \u2013 ECCV 2018","author":"X Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li, X., Wu, J., Lin, Z., Liu, H., Zha, H.: Recurrent squeeze-and-excitation context aggregation net for single image deraining. In: Ferrari, V., Hebert, M., Sminchisescu, C., Weiss, Y. (eds.) ECCV 2018. LNCS, vol. 11211, pp. 262\u2013277. Springer, Cham (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-01234-2_16"},{"key":"7_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Y., Tan, R.T., Guo, X., Lu, J., Brown, M.S.: Rain streak removal using layer priors. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 2736\u20132744 (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.299"},{"key":"7_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liang, Y., Anwar, S., Liu, Y.: Drt: A lightweight single image deraining recursive transformer. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 589\u2013598 (2022)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW56347.2022.00074"},{"key":"7_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, W., Ren, G., Yu, R., Guo, S., Zhu, J., Zhang, L.: Image-adaptive yolo for object detection in adverse weather conditions. In: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol.\u00a036, pp. 1792\u20131800 (2022)","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v36i2.20072"},{"key":"7_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Yan, Z., Chen, S., Ye, T., Ren, W., Chen, E.: NightHazeFormer: single nighttime haze removal using prior query transformer. In: Proceedings of the 31st ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 4119\u20134128 (2023)","DOI":"10.1145\/3581783.3611744"},{"key":"7_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma, X., Dai, X., Bai, Y., Wang, Y., Fu, Y.: Rewrite the stars. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 5694\u20135703 (2024)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52733.2024.00544"},{"key":"7_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qian, R., Tan, R.T., Yang, W., Su, J., Liu, J.: Attentive generative adversarial network for raindrop removal from a single image. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 2482\u20132491 (2018)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00263"},{"key":"7_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ren, D., Zuo, W., Hu, Q., Zhu, P., Meng, D.: Progressive image deraining networks: a better and simpler baseline. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 3937\u20133946 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00406"},{"key":"7_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sun, S., Ren, W., Gao, X., Wang, R., Cao, X.: Restoring images in adverse weather conditions via histogram transformer. In: Leonardis, A., Ricci, E., Roth, S., Russakovsky, O., Sattler, T., Varol, G. (eds.) Computer Vision \u2013 ECCV 2024, ECCV 2024. LNCS, vol. 15080. Springer, Cham (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-72670-5_7","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-72670-5_7"},{"key":"7_CR22","first-page":"4461","volume":"35","author":"S Sun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sun, S., Ren, W., Wang, T., Cao, X.: Rethinking image restoration for object detection. Adv. Neural. Inf. Process. Syst. 35, 4461\u20134474 (2022)","journal-title":"Adv. Neural. Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"7_CR23","unstructured":"Sun, S., Ren, W., Zhou, J., Gan, J., Wang, R., Cao, X.: A hybrid transformer-Mamba network for single image deraining. arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.00410 (2024)"},{"key":"7_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, S., Ren, W., Zhou, J., Wang, S., Gan, J., Cao, X.: Semi-supervised state-space model with dynamic stacking filter for real-world video deraining. In: Proceedings of the Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Conference, pp. 26114\u201326124 (2025)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52734.2025.02432"},{"key":"7_CR25","unstructured":"Vaswani, A.: Attention is all you need. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (2017)"},{"key":"7_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, H., Xie, Q., Zhao, Q., Meng, D.: A model-driven deep neural network for single image rain removal. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 3103\u20133112 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00317"},{"key":"7_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, T., Yang, X., Xu, K., Chen, S., Zhang, Q., Lau, R.W.: Spatial attentive single-image deraining with a high quality real rain dataset. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 12270\u201312279 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.01255"},{"key":"7_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, X., Yu, K., Dong, C., Loy, C.C.: Recovering realistic texture in image super-resolution by deep spatial feature transform. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 606\u2013615 (2018)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00070"},{"key":"7_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Cun, X., Bao, J., Zhou, W., Liu, J., Li, H.: Uformer: a general U-shaped transformer for image restoration. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 17683\u201317693 (2022)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01716"},{"issue":"4","key":"7_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2003.819861","volume":"13","author":"Z Wang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Bovik, A.C., Sheikh, H.R., Simoncelli, E.P.: Image quality assessment: from error visibility to structural similarity. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 13(4), 600\u2013612 (2004)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"issue":"11","key":"7_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12978","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2022.3183612","volume":"45","author":"J Xiao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xiao, J., Fu, X., Liu, A., Wu, F., Zha, Z.J.: Image de-raining transformer. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 45(11), 12978\u201312995 (2022)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"issue":"1","key":"7_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s44267-024-00048-9","volume":"2","author":"Z Yan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yan, Z., Zheng, Y., Fan, D.P., Li, X., Li, J., Yang, J.: Learnable differencing center for nighttime depth perception. Vis. Intell. 2(1), 15 (2024)","journal-title":"Vis. Intell."},{"key":"7_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yi, Q., Li, J., Dai, Q., Fang, F., Zhang, G., Zeng, T.: Structure-preserving deraining with residue channel prior guidance. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 4238\u20134247 (2021)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00420"},{"key":"7_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zamir, S.W., Arora, A., Khan, S., Hayat, M., Khan, F.S., Yang, M.H.: Restormer: efficient transformer for high-resolution image restoration. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 5728\u20135739 (2022)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.00564"},{"key":"7_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zamir, S.W., et al.: Multi-stage progressive image restoration. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 14821\u201314831 (2021)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.01458"},{"key":"7_CR36","unstructured":"Zhang, F., You, S., Li, Y., Fu, Y.: GTAV-NightRain: photometric realistic large-scale dataset for night-time rain streak removal. arXiv preprint arXiv:2210.04708 (2022)"},{"key":"7_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, F., You, S., Li, Y., Fu, Y.: Learning rain location prior for nighttime deraining. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 13148\u201313157 (2023)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV51070.2023.01209"},{"key":"7_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, J., Cao, Y., Fang, S., Kang, Y., Wen\u00a0Chen, C.: Fast haze removal for nighttime image using maximum reflectance prior. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 7418\u20137426 (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.742"},{"key":"7_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, J., Cao, Y., Zha, Z.J., Tao, D.: Nighttime dehazing with a synthetic benchmark. In: Proceedings of the 28th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 2355\u20132363 (2020)","DOI":"10.1145\/3394171.3413763"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-981-95-5702-8_7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T08:28:57Z","timestamp":1767860937000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-981-95-5702-8_7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"ISBN":["9789819557011","9789819557028"],"references-count":39,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-95-5702-8_7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 January 2026","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"PRCV","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Chinese Conference on Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision  (PRCV)","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Shanghai","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"China","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2025","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"15 October 2025","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"18 October 2025","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"8","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"ccprcv2025","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/2025.prcv.cn\/index.asp","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}