{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T13:33:53Z","timestamp":1769261633686,"version":"3.49.0"},"publisher-location":"Singapore","reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Nature Singapore","isbn-type":[{"value":"9789819557639","type":"print"},{"value":"9789819557646","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-95-5764-6_9","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T06:07:54Z","timestamp":1769148474000},"page":"122-135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["MDS-YOLO: Small Target Detection Algorithm in\u00a0UAV Aerial Images Based on\u00a0Multi-scale Feature Fusion"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Haihe","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shenglin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zuchang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanwen","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"9_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bodla, N., Singh, B., Chellappa, R., Davis, L.S.: Soft-NMS\u2013improving object detection with one line of code. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 5561\u20135569 (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2017.593"},{"key":"9_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2024.107917","volume":"170","author":"Y Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen, Y., et al.: Accurate leukocyte detection based on deformable-DETR and multi-level feature fusion for aiding diagnosis of blood diseases. Comput. Biol. Med. 170, 107917 (2024)","journal-title":"Comput. Biol. Med."},{"key":"9_CR3","unstructured":"Du, D., et\u00a0al.: VisDrone-DET2019: the vision meets drone object detection in image challenge results. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (2019)"},{"key":"9_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feng, C., Zhong, Y., Gao, Y., Scott, M.R., Huang, W.: TOOD: task-aligned one-stage object detection. In: 2021 IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), pp. 3490\u20133499. IEEE Computer Society (2021)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00349"},{"key":"9_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Girshick, R.: Fast R-CNN. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 1440\u20131448 (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2015.169"},{"issue":"1","key":"9_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2015.2437384","volume":"38","author":"R Girshick","year":"2015","unstructured":"Girshick, R., Donahue, J., Darrell, T., Malik, J.: Region-based convolutional networks for accurate object detection and segmentation. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 38(1), 142\u2013158 (2015)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"9_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gong, Y., Yu, X., Ding, Y., Peng, X., Zhao, J., Han, Z.: Effective fusion factor in FPN for tiny object detection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision, pp. 1160\u20131168 (2021)","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV48630.2021.00120"},{"issue":"19","key":"9_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6347","DOI":"10.3390\/s24196347","volume":"24","author":"P Kim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kim, P., Youn, J.: Performance evaluation of an object detection model using drone imagery in urban areas for semi-automatic artificial intelligence dataset construction. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 24(19), 6347 (2024)","journal-title":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"9_CR9","unstructured":"Lee, J., Park, S., Mo, S., Ahn, S., Shin, J.: Layer-adaptive sparsity for the magnitude-based pruning. arXiv preprint arXiv:2010.07611 (2020)"},{"key":"9_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li, H., Qu, H.: DASSF: dynamic-attention scale-sequence fusion for aerial object detection. In: Didyk, P., Hou, J. (eds.) International Conference on Computational Visual Media, vol. 15663, pp. 212\u2013227. Springer, Singapore (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-96-5809-1_12","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-96-5809-1_12"},{"key":"9_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, T.Y., Goyal, P., Girshick, R., He, K., Doll\u00e1r, P.: Focal loss for dense object detection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 2980\u20132988 (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2017.324"},{"key":"9_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu, W., et al.: SSD: single shot MultiBox detector. In: Leibe, B., Matas, J., Sebe, N., Welling, M. (eds.) ECCV 2016. LNCS, vol. 9905, pp. 21\u201337. Springer, Cham (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-46448-0_2","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46448-0_2"},{"key":"9_CR13","unstructured":"Lyu, C., et al.: RTMDet: an empirical study of designing real-time object detectors. arXiv preprint arXiv:2212.07784 (2022)"},{"key":"9_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neubeck, A., Van\u00a0Gool, L.: Efficient non-maximum suppression. In: 18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR\u201906, vol.\u00a03, pp. 850\u2013855. IEEE (2006)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2006.479"},{"key":"9_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Redmon, J., Divvala, S., Girshick, R., Farhadi, A.: You only look once: unified, real-time object detection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 779\u2013788 (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.91"},{"issue":"6","key":"9_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2016.2577031","volume":"39","author":"S Ren","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ren, S., He, K., Girshick, R., Sun, J.: Faster R-CNN: towards real-time object detection with region proposal networks. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 39(6), 1137\u20131149 (2016)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"9_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tan, M., Pang, R., Le, Q.V.: EfficientDet: scalable and efficient object detection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 10781\u201310790 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.01079"},{"issue":"10","key":"9_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.3390\/drones6100292","volume":"6","author":"J Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, J., Shao, F., He, X., Lu, G.: A novel method of small object detection in UAV remote sensing images based on feature alignment of candidate regions. Drones 6(10), 292 (2022)","journal-title":"Drones"},{"key":"9_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, X., Gong, Y., Jiang, N., Ye, Q., Han, Z.: Scale match for tiny person detection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision, pp. 1257\u20131265 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV45572.2020.9093394"},{"issue":"22","key":"9_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11854","DOI":"10.3390\/app122211854","volume":"12","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang, Q., Zhang, H., Lu, X.: Adaptive feature fusion for small object detection. Appl. Sci. 12(22), 11854 (2022)","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"9_CR21","first-page":"1","volume":"62","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Ye, M., Zhu, G., Liu, Y., Guo, P., Yan, J.: FFCA-YOLO for small object detection in remote sensing images. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 62, 1\u201315 (2024)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"9_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng, Z., Wang, P., Liu, W., Li, J., Ye, R., Ren, D.: Distance-IoU loss: faster and better learning for bounding box regression. In: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol.\u00a034, pp. 12993\u201313000 (2020)","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v34i07.6999"},{"key":"9_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, J., Feng, K., Li, W., Han, J., Pan, F.: TS4Net: two-stage sample selective strategy for rotating object detection. Neurocomputing 501, 753\u2013764 (2022)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2022.06.049"},{"key":"9_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu, X., Lyu, S., Wang, X., Zhao, Q.: TPH-YOLOv5: improved YOLOv5 based on transformer prediction head for object detection on drone-captured scenarios. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 2778\u20132788 (2021)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW54120.2021.00312"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-981-95-5764-6_9","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T06:08:01Z","timestamp":1769148481000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-981-95-5764-6_9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"ISBN":["9789819557639","9789819557646"],"references-count":24,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-95-5764-6_9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 January 2026","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"PRCV","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Chinese Conference on Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision  (PRCV)","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Shanghai","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"China","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2025","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"15 October 2025","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"18 October 2025","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"8","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"ccprcv2025","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/2025.prcv.cn\/index.asp","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}