{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T14:47:48Z","timestamp":1761058068845},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1993,6,1]],"date-time":"1993-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":738892800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biol. Cybern."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf00226195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,26]],"date-time":"2004-09-26T02:52:44Z","timestamp":1096167164000},"page":"119-128","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Modelling velocity profiles of rapid movements: a comparative study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"R\u00e9jean","family":"Plamondon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Adel M.","family":"Alimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Yergeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Franck","family":"Leclerc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BF00226195_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/105.2.331","volume":"105","author":"W Abend","year":"1982","unstructured":"Abend W, Bizzi E, Morasso P (1982) Human arm trajectory formation. Brain 105:331\u2013348","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR2","volume-title":"Analyse num\u00e9rique, tome 1","author":"K Arbenz","year":"1980","unstructured":"Arbenz K, Wohlhauser A (1980) Analyse num\u00e9rique, tome 1. Presses Polytechniques, Lausanne Romande"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR3","volume-title":"The lognormal distribution","author":"J Aitchinson","year":"1966","unstructured":"Aitchinson J, Brown JAC (1966) The lognormal distribution. Cambridge University Press, London"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2318","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.05-09-02318.1985","volume":"5","author":"CG Atkenson","year":"1985","unstructured":"Atkenson CG, Hollerbach JM (1985) Kinematic features of unrestrained vertical arm movements. J Neurosci 5:2318\u20132330","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR5","first-page":"26","volume":"8","author":"J Badaud","year":"1986","unstructured":"Badaud J, Witkin AP, Baudin M, Duda RP (1986) Uniqueness of the gaussian kernel for scale-space filtering, IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Machine Intell 8:26\u201333","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Machine Intell"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1080\/14640747208400304","volume":"24","author":"WDA Beggs","year":"1972","unstructured":"Beggs WDA, Howarth CI (1972) The movement of the hand towards a target. Q J Exp Psychol 24:448\u2013453","journal-title":"Q J Exp Psychol"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR7","volume-title":"The coordination and regulation of movements","author":"N Bernstein","year":"1967","unstructured":"Bernstein N (1967) The coordination and regulation of movements. Pergamon Press, London"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR8","first-page":"553","volume-title":"Neural networks and pattern recognition","author":"D Bullock","year":"1988","unstructured":"Bullock D, Grossberg S (1988) Neural dynamics of planned arm movements: emergent variants and speed-accuracy properties during trajectory formation. In: Grossberg S (eds) Neural networks and pattern recognition. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp 553\u2013622"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR9","unstructured":"Burr DJ (1982) A normalizing transform for cursive script recognition. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, Munich, pp 1027\u20131030"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR10","series-title":"PhD dissertation","volume-title":"A new sampling theorem for causal (non-band limited) functions","author":"AB Campbell","year":"1973","unstructured":"Campbell AB (1973) A new sampling theorem for causal (non-band limited) functions. PhD dissertation, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/6\/3\/304","volume":"6","author":"der Denier van","year":"1962","unstructured":"Denier van der Gon JJ, Thuring JP, Strackee J (1962) A handwriting simulator. Physics Med Biol 6:407\u2013414","journal-title":"Physics Med Biol"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-6918(83)90026-4","volume":"54","author":"EH Dooijes","year":"1983","unstructured":"Dooijes EH (1983) Analysis of handwriting movements. Acta Psychol 54:99\u2013114","journal-title":"Acta Psychol"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00318713","volume":"57","author":"S Edelman","year":"1987","unstructured":"Edelman S, Flash T (1987) A model of handwriting. Biol Cybern 57:25\u201336","journal-title":"Biol Cybern"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1962.1057695","volume":"8","author":"M Eden","year":"1962","unstructured":"Eden M (1962) Handwriting and pattern recognition. IRE Trans Inform Theory 8:160\u2013166","journal-title":"IRE Trans Inform Theory"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR15","series-title":"PhD dissertation","volume-title":"Organizing principles underlying the formation of arm trajectories","author":"T Flash","year":"1983","unstructured":"Flash T (1983) Organizing principles underlying the formation of arm trajectories. PhD dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.05-07-01688.1985","volume":"5","author":"T Flash","year":"1985","unstructured":"Flash T, Hogan N (1985) The coordination of arm movements: an experimentally confirmed mathematical model. J Neurosci 5:1688\u20131703","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1981.46.4.725","volume":"64","author":"AP Georgopoulos","year":"1981","unstructured":"Georgopoulos AP, Kalaska JF, Massey JT (1981) Spatial trajectories and reaction time of aimed movements: effects of practice, uncertainty, and change in target location. J Neurophysiol 64:725\u2013743","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1985.sp015566","volume":"358","author":"AR Gibson","year":"1985","unstructured":"Gibson AR, Houk JC, Kohlerman NJ (1985) Relation between red nucleus discharge and movement parameters in trained macaque monkeys. J Physiol (Lond) 358:551\u2013570","journal-title":"J Physiol (Lond)"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR19","unstructured":"Gutman SR, Gottlieb GL (1991) Exponential model with nonlinear time of reaching movement: trajectory time profile, strategies, variability. Third IBRO World Congress of Neuroscience, Montr\u00e9al, Canada, August, paper P39.23, p 262"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2745","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.04-11-02745.1984","volume":"4","author":"N Hogan","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hogan N (1984) An organizing principle for a class of voluntary movements. J Neurosci 4:2745\u20132754","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00336740","volume":"39","author":"JM Hollerbach","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hollerbach JM (1981) An oscillation theory of handwriting. Biol Cybern 39:139\u2013156","journal-title":"Biol Cybern"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR22","first-page":"387","volume-title":"New concepts in cerebellar neurobiology","author":"JC Houk","year":"1987","unstructured":"Houk JC, Gibson AR (1987) Sensimotor processing through the cerebellum. In: King JJ (ed) New concepts in cerebellar neurobiology. Liss, New York, pp 387\u2013416"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X00048391","volume":"12","author":"JC Houk","year":"1989","unstructured":"Houk JC (1989) Burst of discharge recorded from the red nucleus may provide measures of Gottlieb's excitation pulses. Behav Brain Sci 12:224\u2013225","journal-title":"Behav Brain Sci"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR24","volume-title":"Gestalt psychology","author":"D Katz","year":"1951","unstructured":"Katz D (1951) Gestalt psychology. Methuen, London"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR25","first-page":"112","volume-title":"Cerebral mechanisms in behaviour","author":"KS Lashley","year":"1951","unstructured":"Lashley KS (1951) The problem of serial order in behaviour. In: Jeffress LA (ed) Cerebral mechanisms in behaviour. Wiley, New York, pp 112\u2013146"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR26","series-title":"MScA dissertation","volume-title":"Validation d'un mod\u00e8le g\u00e9n\u00e9rateur de vitesse \u00e0 profil gaussien sur des signatures manuscrites","author":"F Leclerc","year":"1989","unstructured":"Leclerc F (1989) Validation d'un mod\u00e8le g\u00e9n\u00e9rateur de vitesse \u00e0 profil gaussien sur des signatures manuscrites. MScA dissertation, \u00e9cole polytechnique, Montr\u00e9al"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR27","unstructured":"Leclerc F, Plamondon R (1990) Validation d'un mod\u00e8le de la fonction de transfert du bras sur des signatures manuscrites. Proceedings Vision Interface '90, pp 105\u2013111"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR28","series-title":"PhD dissertation","volume-title":"The study of handwriting movement","author":"F Maarse","year":"1987","unstructured":"Maarse F (1987) The study of handwriting movement. PhD dissertation, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR29","series-title":"PhD dissertation","volume-title":"Experimental studies of handwriting signals","author":"JS MacDonald","year":"1964","unstructured":"MacDonald JS (1964) Experimental studies of handwriting signals. PhD dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(64)90142-1","volume":"7","author":"P Mermelstein","year":"1964","unstructured":"Mermelstein P, Eden M (1964) Experiments on computer recognition of connected handwritten words. Inform Contr 7:225\u2013270","journal-title":"Inform Contr"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00236911","volume":"42","author":"P Morasso","year":"1981","unstructured":"Morasso P (1981) Spatial control of arm movements. Exp Brain Res 42:223\u2013227","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00335240","volume":"45","author":"P Morasso","year":"1982","unstructured":"Morasso P, Mussa-Ivaldi FA (1982) Trajectory formation and handwriting: a computational model. Biol Cybern 45:131\u2013142","journal-title":"Biol Cybern"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00248865","volume":"74","author":"H Nagasaki","year":"1989","unstructured":"Nagasaki H (1989) Asymmetric velocity and acceleration profiles of human arm movements. Exp Brain Res 74:319\u2013326","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00339982","volume":"46","author":"WL Nelson","year":"1983","unstructured":"Nelson WL (1983) Physical principles for economies of skilled movements. Biol Cybern 46:135\u2013147","journal-title":"Biol Cybern"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR35","unstructured":"Plamondon R (1987) What does differential geometry tell us about handwriting generation? Proceedings of the 3rd international symposium on handwriting and computer applications, Montr\u00e9al, pp 11\u201313"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1142\/9789814434195_0013","volume-title":"Computer recognition and human production of handwriting","author":"R Plamondon","year":"1989","unstructured":"Plamondon R (1989a) A handwriting model based on differential geometry. In: Plamondon R, Suen CY, Simner ML (eds) Computer recognition and human production of handwriting. World Scientific, Singapore, pp 179\u2013192"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR37","first-page":"563","volume-title":"Models of brain function","author":"R Plamondon","year":"1989","unstructured":"Plamondon R (1989b) Handwriting control: a functional model. In: Cotterill MJR (eds) Models of brain function. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp 563\u2013574"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-3626-6_23","volume-title":"Tutorials in motor neuroscience","author":"R Plamondon","year":"1991","unstructured":"Plamondon R (1991) On the origin of asymmetric bell-shaped velocity profiles in rapid-aimed movements. In: Stelmach GE, Requin J (eds) Tutorials in motor neuroscience. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 283\u2013295"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Plamondon R (1992a) A model-based segmentation framework for computer processing of handwriting. Proceedings of the 11th Conference on Pattern Recognition, The Hague, pp 303\u2013312","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.1992.201778"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR40","first-page":"55","volume-title":"Tutorials in motor behavior II","author":"R Plamondon","year":"1992","unstructured":"Plamondon R (1992b) A theory of rapid movements. In: Stelmach GE, Requin J (eds) Tutorials in motor behavior II. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 55\u201369"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-6918(93)90006-D","volume":"82","author":"R Plamondon","year":"1993","unstructured":"Plamondon R (1993) Looking through handwriting generation from a velocity control perspective. Acta Psychol 82:89\u2013101","journal-title":"Acta Psychol"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-9457(91)90004-H","volume":"10","author":"R Plamondon","year":"1991","unstructured":"Plamondon R, Cl\u00e9ment B (1991) Dependence of peripheral and central parameters describing handwriting generation on movement direction. Hum Mov Sci 10:193\u2013221","journal-title":"Hum Mov Sci"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4115(09)60079-0","volume-title":"Graphonomics: contemporary research in handwriting","author":"R Plamondon","year":"1986","unstructured":"Plamondon R, Lamarche F (1986) Modelization of handwriting: a system approach. In: Kao HSR, van Galen GP, Hoosain R (eds) Graphonomics: contemporary research in handwriting. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 169\u2013183"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1109\/21.44021","volume":"19","author":"R Plamondon","year":"1989","unstructured":"Plamondon R, Maarse FJ (1989) An evaluation of motor models of handwriting. IEEE Trans Systems Man Cybern 19:1060\u20131072","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Systems Man Cybern"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Plamondon R, Parizeau M (1988) tSignature verification from position velocity and acceleration signals: a comparative study. Proceedings of the 8th international conference on pattern recognition, Rome, pp 260\u2013265","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.1988.28218"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR46","unstructured":"Plamondon R, Yergeau P (1990) A system for the analysis and synthesis of handwriting. Proceedings international workshop on frontier in handwriting recognition, Montr\u00e9al, pp 105\u2013111"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00199576","volume":"63","author":"R Plamondon","year":"1990","unstructured":"Plamondon R, Stelmach GE, Teasdale N (1990) Motor program coding representation from a handwriting generator: the production of line responses. Biol Cybern 63:443\u2013451","journal-title":"Biol Cybern"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1109\/21.101140","volume":"21","author":"R Plamondon","year":"1991","unstructured":"Plamondon R, Li-de Yu, Stelmach GE, Cl\u00e9ment B (1991) On the automatic extraction of biomechanical information from handwriting signals. IEEE Trans Systems Man Cybern 21:90\u2013101","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Systems Man Cybern"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR49","volume-title":"Numerical recipes in C","author":"WH Press","year":"1989","unstructured":"Press WH, Flannery BP, Teukolsky SA, Vetterling WT (1989) Numerical recipes in C. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR50","unstructured":"Schomaker RB, Teulings HL (1990) A handwriting recognition system based on the properties and architectures of the human motor system. Proceedings international workshop on frontier in handwriting recognition, Montr\u00e9al, pp 195\u2013209"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.01-07-00710.1981","volume":"1","author":"JF Soechting","year":"1981","unstructured":"Soechting JF, Lacquaniti F (1981) Invariant characteristics of a pointing movement in man. J Neurosci 1:710\u2013720","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4115(08)61970-6","volume-title":"Tutorials in motor behaviour","author":"GP Galen Van","year":"1980","unstructured":"Van Galen GP (1980) Handwriting and drawing: a two stage model of motor behaviour. In: Stelmach GE, Requin J (eds) Tutorials in motor behaviour. North-holland, Amsterdam, pp 567\u2013578"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR53","first-page":"73","volume":"32","author":"J Vredenbregt","year":"1971","unstructured":"Vredenbregt J, Koster WG (1971) Analysis and synthesis of handwriting. Philips Tech Rev 32:73\u201378","journal-title":"Philips Tech Rev"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1986.4767776","volume":"8","author":"W Wells","year":"1986","unstructured":"Wells W (1986) Efficient synthesis of gaussian filters by cascaded uniform filters. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Machine Intell 8:234\u2013239","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Machine Intell"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR55","first-page":"233","volume":"25","author":"M Yasuhara","year":"1975","unstructured":"Yasuhara M (1975) Experimental studies on handwriting process. Rep Univ Electro Comm 25:233\u2013254","journal-title":"Rep Univ Electro Comm"},{"key":"BF00226195_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1080\/00222895.1986.10735386","volume":"18","author":"HN Zelaznik","year":"1986","unstructured":"Zelaznik HN, Schmidt RA, Gielen SCAM (1986) Kinematic properties of rapid-aimed head movements. J Motor Behav 18:353\u2013372","journal-title":"J Motor Behav"}],"container-title":["Biological Cybernetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00226195.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF00226195\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00226195","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]],"date-time":"2019-04-09T05:43:47Z","timestamp":1554788627000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF00226195"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,6]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,6]]}},"alternative-id":["BF00226195"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00226195","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-1200","1432-0770"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-1200","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0770","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,6]]}}}