{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T20:19:36Z","timestamp":1776111576068,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,1,1]],"date-time":"1996-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":820454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Comput Supported Coop Work (CSCW)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf00749744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,4]],"date-time":"2004-12-04T13:00:36Z","timestamp":1102165236000},"page":"127-152","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Interaction process in computer-mediated and face-to-face groups"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Linda","family":"Lebie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jonathan A.","family":"Rhoades","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Joseph E.","family":"Mcgrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"CR1","first-page":"191","volume":"6","author":"Richard L. Daft","year":"1984","unstructured":"Daft, Richard L. and Lengel, Robert H. (1984): Information Richness: A New Approach to Managerial Behavior and Organizational Design.Research in Organizational Behavior, vol. 6, pp. 191?233.","journal-title":"Research in Organizational Behavior"},{"issue":"no. 4","key":"CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.78.4.531","volume":"78","author":"Alan R. Dennis","year":"1993","unstructured":"Dennis, Alan R. and Valacich, Joseph S. (1993): Computer Brainstorms: More Heads are Better Than One.Journal of Applied Psychology, vol. 78, no. 4, pp. 531?537.","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"key":"CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.61.3.392","volume":"61","author":"Michael Diehl","year":"1991","unstructured":"Diehl, Michael and Stroebe, Wolfgang (1991): Productivity Loss in Brainstorming Groups: Tracking Down the Blocking Effect.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 61, pp. 392?403.","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"CR4","volume-title":"The Analysis of Cross-Classified Data","author":"Stephen E. Feiberg","year":"1977","unstructured":"Feiberg, Stephen E. (1977):The Analysis of Cross-Classified Data. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press."},{"key":"CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.1.1.41","volume":"1","author":"Tom Finholt","year":"1990","unstructured":"Finholt, Tom and Sproull, Lee (1990): Electronic Groups at Work.Organizational Science, vol. 1, pp. 41?64.","journal-title":"Organizational Science"},{"key":"CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.4135\/9781483325385.n6","volume-title":"Organizations and communication technology","author":"Janet Fulk","year":"1990","unstructured":"Fulk, Janet, Schmidt, J. and Steinfield, Charles W. (1990): A Social Influence Model of Technology Use. InOrganizations and communication technology, eds. Janet Fulk and Charles W. Steinfield. Newbury Park, California: Sage Publications, pp. 117?140."},{"key":"CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.39.10.1123","volume":"39","author":"Sara Kiesler","year":"1984","unstructured":"Kiesler, Sara, Siegel, Jane and McGuire, Timothy W. (1984): Social Psychological Aspects of Computer-Mediated Communication.American Psychologist, vol. 39, pp. 1123?1134.","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327051hci0101_3","volume":"1","author":"Sara Kiesler","year":"1985","unstructured":"Kiesler, Sara, Zubrow, David, Moses, Anne Marie and Geller, Valerie (1985): Affect in Computer-Mediated Communication: An Experiment in Synchronous Terminal-to-Terminal Discussion.Human-Computer Interaction, vol. 1, pp. 77?104.","journal-title":"Human-Computer Interaction"},{"key":"CR9","first-page":"23","volume-title":"Intellectual Teamwork: Social and Technical Foundations of Cooperative Work","author":"Joseph E. McGrath","year":"1990","unstructured":"McGrath, Joseph E. (1990): Time Matters in Groups. InIntellectual Teamwork: Social and Technical Foundations of Cooperative Work, eds. Jolene Galegher, Robert E. Kraut, and Carmen Egido, Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 23?61."},{"key":"CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1177\/1046496491222001","volume":"22","author":"Joseph E. McGrath","year":"1991","unstructured":"McGrath, Joseph E. (1991): Time, Interaction, and Performance (TIP): A Theory of Groups.Small Group Research, vol. 22, pp. 147?174.","journal-title":"Small Group Research"},{"key":"CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1177\/1046496493243002","volume":"24","author":"Joseph E. McGrath","year":"1993","unstructured":"McGrath, Joseph E. (1993): Introduction: The JEMCO Workshop ? Description of a Longitudinal Study.Small Group Research, vol. 24, pp. 285?306.","journal-title":"Small Group Research"},{"key":"CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00749743","volume":"4","author":"Joseph E. McGrath","year":"1996","unstructured":"McGrath, Joseph E. and Arrow, Holly (1996): Introduction: The JEMCO-2 Study of Time, Technology, and Groups.Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), vol. 4, pp. 107?126.","journal-title":"Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) (CSCW)"},{"key":"CR13","volume-title":"Groups Interacting with Technology","author":"Joseph E. McGrath","year":"1994","unstructured":"McGrath, Joseph E. and Hollingshead, Andrea B. (1994).Groups Interacting with Technology. Newbury Park, California: Sage Publications."},{"key":"CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1080\/03637758309390173","volume":"50","author":"Marshall S. Poole","year":"1983","unstructured":"Poole, Marshall S. (1983): Decision Development in Small Groups III: A Multiple Sequence Model of Group Decision Development.Communication Monographs, vol. 50, pp 321?341.","journal-title":"Communication Monographs"},{"issue":"no. 1","key":"CR15","first-page":"5","volume":"10","author":"Marshall S. Poole","year":"1992","unstructured":"Poole, Marshall S. and DeSanctis, Gerardine (1992): Microlevel Structuration in Computer Supported Group Decision Making.Human Communications Research, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 5?49.","journal-title":"Human Communications Research"},{"key":"CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(86)90050-6","volume":"37","author":"Jane Siegel","year":"1986","unstructured":"Siegel, Jane, Dubrovsky, Vitaly, Kiesler, Sara and McGuire, Timothy W. (1986): Group Processes in Computer-Mediated Communication.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, vol. 37, pp. 157?198.","journal-title":"Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes"},{"key":"CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.32.11.1492","volume":"32","author":"Lee Sproull","year":"1986","unstructured":"Sproull, Lee and Kiesler, Sara (1986): Reducing Social Contact Cues: Electronic Mail in Organizational Communication.Management Science, vol. 32, pp. 1492?1512.","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"key":"CR18","volume-title":"Group Process and Productivity","author":"Ivan D. Steiner","year":"1972","unstructured":"Steiner, Ivan D. (1972):Group Process and Productivity. New York: Academic Press."},{"key":"CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.79.1.87","volume":"79","author":"Susan G. Straus","year":"1994","unstructured":"Straus, Susan G. and McGrath, Joseph E. (1994): Does the Medium matter? The Interaction of Task Type and Technology on Group Performance and Member Reactions.Journal of Applied Psychology, vol. 79, pp. 87?97.","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"key":"CR20","first-page":"152","volume":"4","author":"Joseph S. Valacich","year":"1993","unstructured":"Valacich, Joseph S., Mennecke, B. E., Wachter, R. and Wheeler, B. C. (1993): Computer-Mediated Idea Generation: The Effects of Group Size and Group Heterogeneity.1993 Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, vol. 4, pp. 152?160.","journal-title":"1993 Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences"},{"key":"CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1006\/obhd.1994.1024","volume":"57","author":"Joseph S. Valacich","year":"1994","unstructured":"Valacich, Joseph S., Dennis, Allan R. and Connelly, Terry (1994): Idea Generation in Computer-Based Groups: A New Ending to an Old Story.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, vol. 57, pp. 448?467.","journal-title":"Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes"},{"issue":"no. 1","key":"CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1177\/009365092019001003","volume":"19","author":"Joseph B. Walther","year":"1992","unstructured":"Walther, Joseph B. (1992): Interpersonal Effects in Computer ? Mediated Interaction: A Relational Perspective.Communication Research, vol. 19, no. 1, February, pp. 52?90.","journal-title":"Communication Research"},{"issue":"no. 1","key":"CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2958.1992.tb00295.x","volume":"19","author":"Joseph B. Walther","year":"1992","unstructured":"Walther, Joseph B. and Burgoon, Judee K. (1992): Relational Communication in Computer-Mediated Interaction.Human Communication Research, vol. 19, no. 1, September, pp. 50?88.","journal-title":"Human Communication Research"},{"key":"CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.84.5.963","volume":"84","author":"Ederyn Williams","year":"1977","unstructured":"Williams, Ederyn (1977): Experimental Comparisons of Face-to-Face and Mediated Communications: A Review.Psychological Bulletin, vol. 84, pp. 963?976.","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"}],"container-title":["Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00749744.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF00749744\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00749744","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,5]],"date-time":"2019-04-05T13:11:53Z","timestamp":1554469913000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF00749744"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996]]}},"alternative-id":["BF00749744"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00749744","relation":{},"ISSN":["0925-9724","1573-7551"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0925-9724","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7551","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996]]}}}