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Ziman (Eds),The Research System in Transition, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht\/Boston\/London, 1990."},{"key":"BF02016551_CR3","volume-title":"Evaluation of national performance in basic research: A review of techniques for evaluating national performance in basic research with case studies in Genetics and Solid State Physics","author":"ABRC","year":"1986","unstructured":"ABRC,Evaluation of national performance in basic research: A review of techniques for evaluating national performance in basic research with case studies in Genetics and Solid State Physics, Advisory Board for Research Councils, London, 1986."},{"key":"BF02016551_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02019277","volume":"22","author":"R. Barre","year":"1991","unstructured":"See for example,R. Barre, Clustering research fields for macrostrategic analysis: A comparative specialization approach,Scientometrics, 22 (1991) 95\u2013112;J. D. Frame, T. Braun, W. Gl\u00e4nzel, A. Schubert,Scientometric Indicators: A 32-Country Comparative Evaluation of Publication Performance and Citation Impact, World Scientific Publishing Company, Singapore, Philadelphia, 1985;J. D. Frame, F. Narin, M. P. Carpenter, The distribution of world science,Social Studies of Science, 7 (1977) 501\u2013516;B. Martin, J. Irvine, F. Narin, C. Sterrit, K. Steves Recent trends in the output and impact of British science,Science and Public Policy, 17 (1990) 14\u201326.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"BF02016551_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1177\/030631285015002004","volume":"15","author":"J. Irvine","year":"1985","unstructured":"J. Irvine, B. R. 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Todorov, Distribution of physics literature,Scientometrics, 7 (1985) 195\u2013209.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"BF02016551_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02093234","volume":"16","author":"A. Schubert","year":"1989","unstructured":"A. Schubert, W. Gl\u00e4nzel, T. Braun, (Ref. 1)..","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"BF02016551_CR9","unstructured":"In Scientometric Datafiles, chemistry comprises seven subfields. We have included in this study two more subfields, viz. biochemistry and chemical engineering because of their obvious links with chemistry."},{"key":"BF02016551_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1177\/030631285015002004","volume":"15","author":"J. Irvine","year":"1985","unstructured":"According toIrvine andMartin (Ref. 5) \u2018bias is inevitably present in the citation data. If less than 10% of all Soviet (but over 20% of US) Physics journals are scanned by ISI, then Soviet Physics publications are losing a large number of their citations in the unscanned Soviet journals than the (equivalent) American ones\u2019.","journal-title":"Social Studies of Science"},{"key":"BF02016551_CR11","unstructured":"P. S. Nagpaul,Scientometric Profile of Academic Science in India, Research Report, National Institute of Science, Technology and Development Studies, 1992."},{"key":"BF02016551_CR12","unstructured":"This index has been used in the literature under various names: revealed scientific advantage, revealed publication advantage and relative specialization advantage."},{"key":"BF02016551_CR13","first-page":"143","volume":"2","author":"J. D. Frame","year":"1977","unstructured":"J. D. Frame, Mainstream research in Latin America and Caribbean,Interciencia, 2 (1977) 143\u2013148.","journal-title":"Interciencia"},{"key":"BF02016551_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02017249","volume":"9","author":"A. Schubert","year":"1986","unstructured":"A. Schubert, T. Braun, Relative indicators and relational charts for comparative assessment of publication output and citation impact,Scientometrics, 9 (1986) 281\u2013291.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"BF02016551_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02020076","volume":"14","author":"M. P. Carpenter","year":"1988","unstructured":"M. P. Carpenter, F. Gibb, M. Harris, J. Irvine, B. R. Martin, F. Narin, Bibliometric profile for British academic institutions: An experiment to develop research output indicators,Scientometrics, 14 (1988) 213\u2013233.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"BF02016551_CR16","first-page":"32","volume":"5","author":"R. Barre","year":"1987","unstructured":"R. Barre, A strategic assessment of the scientific performance of five countries,Science and Technology Studies, 5 (1987) 32\u201338.","journal-title":"Science and Technology Studies"},{"key":"BF02016551_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1068\/b110029","volume":"11","author":"A. C. Gatrell","year":"1984","unstructured":"A. C. Gatrell, Describing the structure of a research literature: Spatial diffusion modelling in geography,Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 11 (1984) 29\u201345.","journal-title":"Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design"},{"key":"BF02016551_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02017157","volume":"7","author":"H. Small","year":"1985","unstructured":"See for exampleH. Small, E. Sweeny, Clustering the Science Citation Index using cocitations \u2014 A comparison of methods,Scientometrics, 7 (1985) 391\u2013409;J. P. Courtial, J. Law, A coword study of artificial intelligence,Social Studies of Science, 19 (1989) 301\u2013311;P. Lenk, Mapping of fields based on nominations,Journal of the American Society of Information Science, 34 (1983) 115\u2013122;R. R. Braam, H. F. Moed, A. F. J. Van Raan, Mapping of science by combined cocitation and coword analysis,Journal American Society of Information Science, 43 (1991) 233\u2013251.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"BF02016551_CR19","volume-title":"Handbook of Quantitative Studies of Science and Technology","author":"R. J. W. Tijssen","year":"1988","unstructured":"R. J. W. Tijssen, J. de Leeuw, Multivariate data analysis methods in bibliometric studies of science and technology, In:A. F. J. Van Raan (Ed.)Handbook of Quantitative Studies of Science and Technology, North-Holland, Amsterdam 1988."},{"key":"BF02016551_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02019277","volume":"22","author":"R. Barre","year":"1991","unstructured":"R. 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