{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T15:44:52Z","timestamp":1759938292373},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1994,5,1]],"date-time":"1994-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":767750400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Scientometrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf02017226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,11]],"date-time":"2005-08-11T22:30:39Z","timestamp":1123799439000},"page":"243-258","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Studying leadership and subdisciplinary structure of scientific disciplines"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"S\u00f6derqvist","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. M.","family":"Silverstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BF02017226_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02020079","volume":"14","author":"W. L. Giusti","year":"1988","unstructured":"W. L. Giusti, L. Georghiou, The use of co-nomination analysis in rela-time evaluation of a R&D programme,Scientometrics, 14 (1988) 265\u2013281.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"BF02017226_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02095627","volume":"5","author":"A. Schubert","year":"1983","unstructured":"A. Schubert, S. Zsindely, T. Braun, Scientometric analysis of attendance at international scientific meetings,Scientometrics, 5 (1983) 177\u2013187;E. Kranakis, L. Leydesdorf, Teletraffic conferences. Studying a field of engineering science,Scientometrics, 15 (1989) 563\u2013591;B. Martens, T. Saretzki, Conferences and courses on biotechnology. Describing scientific communication by exploratory methods,Scientometrics, 27 (1993) 237\u2013260. These studies either do not utilize attendance data, or do it for other purposes than we have done in this pape","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"BF02017226_CR3","unstructured":"For a review of the literature, seeT. S\u00f6derqvist, A. M. Silverstein, Participation in scientific meetings. A new prosopographical approach to the disciplinary history of science,Social Studies of Science, (in press, 1994)."},{"key":"BF02017226_CR4","unstructured":"Les Congr\u00e8s internationaux de 1681 \u00e1 1899: liste compl\u00e8te Brussels: Union des Associations Internationales, 1960."},{"key":"BF02017226_CR5","first-page":"1146","volume":"23","author":"R. H. Orr","year":"1964","unstructured":"R. H. Orr, E. B. Coyl, A. A. Leeds, Trends in oral communication among biomedical scientists. Meeting and travel,Federation Proceedings, 23 (1964) 1146\u20131154 (data from Fig. 1).","journal-title":"Federation Proceedings"},{"key":"BF02017226_CR6","unstructured":"T. Lenoir, The discipline of nature and the nature of disciplines, In:E. Messer-Davidow, D. Silvan, D. Shumway (Eds),Knowledges: Historical and Critical Studies in Disciplinarity, Charolottesville, University of Virginia Press, in press."},{"key":"BF02017226_CR7","volume-title":"Le dernier langage de la m\u00e9dicine: Histoire de l'immunologie de Pasteur au Sida","author":"A. M. Moulin","year":"1991","unstructured":"A. M. Moulin,Le dernier langage de la m\u00e9dicine: Histoire de l'immunologie de Pasteur au Sida, Paris, Presses Universitaires, 1991;A. M. Silverstein,A History of Immunology, New York, Academic Press, 1989;G. Corbellini,L'evoluzione del pensiero immunologico, Torino, Bollati Boringhieri, 1990."},{"key":"BF02017226_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(91)90047-F","volume":"132","author":"A. M. Silverstein","year":"1991","unstructured":"A. M. Silverstein, The dynamics of conceptual change in twentieth century immunology,Cellular Immunology, 132 (1991) 515\u2013531.","journal-title":"Cellular Immunology"},{"key":"BF02017226_CR9","unstructured":"For a list of these meetings, seeS\u00f6derqvist andSilverstein, Ref. 3. Participation in scientific meetings. A new prosopographical approach to the disciplinary history of science,Social Studies of Science, (in press, 1994)."},{"key":"BF02017226_CR10","volume-title":"Classification","author":"A. D. Gordon","year":"1981","unstructured":"A. D. Gordon,Classification, London, Chapman and Hall, 1981;L. Kaufman, P. J. Rousseeuw,Finding Groups in Data: An Introduction to Cluster Analysis, New York, John Wiley & Sons, 1990."},{"key":"BF02017226_CR11","volume-title":"Classification","author":"Gordon","year":"1981","unstructured":"Gordon, \u2014; Ref. 10. The cluster analysis was performed with a SAS program package licensed to Stanford University."},{"key":"BF02017226_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1177\/030631277700700202","volume":"7","author":"H. G. Small","year":"1977","unstructured":"H. G. Small, A co-citation model of a scientific specialty. A longitudinal study of collagen research,Social Studies of Science, 7 (1977) 139\u2013166.","journal-title":"Social Studies of Science"},{"key":"BF02017226_CR13","unstructured":"Lenoir Ref. 6.T. Lenoir, The discipline of nature and the nature of disciplines, In:E. Messer-Davidow, D. Silvan, D. Shumway (Eds),Knowledges: Historical and Critical Studies in Disciplinarity, Charlottesville, University of virginia Press, in press."},{"key":"BF02017226_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.4630370106","volume":"37","author":"T. A. Brooks","year":"1986","unstructured":"T. A. Brooks, Evidence of complex citer motivations,Journal of American Information Science, 37 (1986) 34.","journal-title":"Journal of American Information Science"},{"key":"BF02017226_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02279351","volume":"11","author":"L. Leydesdorff","year":"1987","unstructured":"L. Leydesdorff, Various methods for the mapping of science,Scientometrics, 11 (1987) 295\u2013324.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"}],"container-title":["Scientometrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02017226.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF02017226\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02017226","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]],"date-time":"2019-05-14T07:41:59Z","timestamp":1557819719000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF02017226"}},"subtitle":["Cluster analysis of participation in Scientific Meetings"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,5]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,5]]}},"alternative-id":["BF02017226"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf02017226","relation":{},"ISSN":["0138-9130","1588-2861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0138-9130","type":"print"},{"value":"1588-2861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,5]]}}}