{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T15:57:26Z","timestamp":1759939046289},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,12,1]],"date-time":"1996-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":849398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,12,1]],"date-time":"1996-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":849398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Museum Inf"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf02802369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,11]],"date-time":"2008-04-11T09:35:50Z","timestamp":1207906550000},"page":"195-245","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Item level control and electronic recordkeeping"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Bearman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BF02802369_CR1","first-page":"187","volume-title":"The Records Continuum: Ian Maclean and Australian Archives First Fifty Years","author":"McKemmish Sue","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sue McKemmish in \u201cAre Records Ever Actual?\u201d, The Records Continuum: Ian Maclean and Australian Archives First Fifty Years, ed. Sue McKemmish and Michael Piggott, Ancora Press, Melbourne, 1994, pp. 187\u2013203 has recognized that paper records are also, and should be understood as, virtual things, but this sophistication is rare indeed."},{"key":"BF02802369_CR2","unstructured":"NHPRC grant (#93-030) \u201cVariables in the Satisfaction of Requirements for Electronic Records Management\u201d see http:\/\/www.lis.pitt.edu\/~nhprc for a specification for the full requirements of evidence in recordkeeping."},{"key":"BF02802369_CR3","volume-title":"Electronic Evidence: Strategies for Managing Records in Contemporary Organizations","author":"David Bearman","year":"1994","unstructured":"David Bearman, Electronic Evidence: Strategies for Managing Records in Contemporary Organizations (Pittsburgh, Archives & Museum Informat-ics, 1994)"},{"key":"BF02802369_CR4","unstructured":"David Bearman andKen Sochats, \u201cFormalizing Functional Requirements for Recordkeeping\u201d unpublished draft paper included in University of Pittsburgh Recordkeeping Functional Requirements Project: Reports and Working Papers (LIS055\/LS94001) September 1994"},{"key":"BF02802369_CR5","unstructured":"op.cit, fn.4"},{"key":"BF02802369_CR6","unstructured":"www-rlg.stanford.edu\/ArchTF"},{"key":"BF02802369_CR7","unstructured":"Ulf Andersson, \u201cSESAM. Philosophy and Rules concerning Electronic Archives and Authenticity\u201d (ASTRA AB, 28 Feb. 1996) 86p."},{"key":"BF02802369_CR8","unstructured":"Australian Council of Archives, \u201cCorporate Memory in the Electronic Age: Statement of a Common Position on Electronic Recordkeeping\u201d, May 1996."},{"key":"BF02802369_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u201cFunctional Requirements for Evidence in Recordkeeping: Invitational Meeting. University of Pittsburgh, February 1\u20132 1996,\u201d Archives and Mu-seum InformaticsT vol,.9#4, p.433-437","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02773313"},{"key":"BF02802369_CR10","volume-title":"United Nations, Administrative Coordinating Committee for Information Systems, Management of Elec-tronic Records: Issues and Guidelines","author":"David Bearman","year":"1990","unstructured":"David Bearman, \u201cElectronic Records Management Guidelines: A Manual for Development and Implementation\u201d in United Nations, Administrative Coordinating Committee for Information Systems, Management of Elec-tronic Records: Issues and Guidelines (New York, UN, 1990) reprinted in Electronic Evidence, op.cit."},{"key":"BF02802369_CR11","unstructured":"David Bearman, \u201cFunctional Requirements for Recordkeeping: Metadata Specification\u201d (Unpublished draft, 12\/21\/94)"},{"key":"BF02802369_CR12","unstructured":"The Internet Engineering Task Force work on Persistent URL\u2019s, and work on handles as part of the Library of Congress Electronic Copyright Regis-tration project as reported byBill Arms of CNRI at CNI Spring 1995"},{"key":"BF02802369_CR13","unstructured":"For example, the Networked Information Discovery and Retrieval study directed byClifford Lynch for the Coalition for Networked Information. See also the reports of the Library of Congress Electronic cataloging meeting in October 1994 and the results of the Dublin, Warwick and September 1996 Dublin-image metadata workshops."},{"key":"BF02802369_CR14","unstructured":"Such as the IBM InfoMarket_Cryptolopes_, which have recently an-nounced plans to use Xerox\u2019s \u201cDigital Property Rights Language (DPRL). Other commercialization\u2019s have been announced, but not yet launched, the EPR. For discussion of these and other encapsulated object based intellec-tual property mechanisms see their web sites, or those of ELSI. In addition, see articles byJohn Erickson (Cornell), also easily accessed on the www."},{"key":"BF02802369_CR15","unstructured":"see,David Bearman andKen Sochats, \u201cMetadata Requirements for Evi-dence\u201d at www.lis.pitt.edu\/~nhprc\/"},{"key":"BF02802369_CR16","unstructured":"Ulf Anders-soa, op.cit, fn 11"},{"key":"BF02802369_CR17","unstructured":"See,John McDonald, SAA 1996, report on the prototype developed for the National Archives of Canada by The Workflow Automation Company Inc., Toronto which follows essentially the same principles I used in the designs for the RLG AMIS Project in the early 1990\u2019s."},{"key":"BF02802369_CR18","unstructured":"This is explicit in Philadelphia, see Archives and Museum Informatics, v.9#4 p.435"},{"key":"BF02802369_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"An early example of this is reported inDavid Bearman, \u201cUser Presentation Language in Archives\u201d, Archives and Museum Informatics, vol.3#4, p.3-7; see also the report of the NIST study in the summer of 1995 of Nebraskans interests in Federal records.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02875921"},{"key":"BF02802369_CR20","unstructured":"Richard Lytle coined the terms and raised the question in his seminal dissertation. The fact that it still has no answer is clear from on-going discussion, such asChris Hurley, \u201cAmbient Functions Abandoned Chil-dren to Zoos\u201d. Archivaria 40. Fall 1995, p.21-39."},{"key":"BF02802369_CR21","unstructured":"David Bearman &Richard Szary, \u201cBeyond Authority Control: Authorities as Reference Files in a Multi-Disciplinary Setting\u201d inKaren Markey ed. Authority Control Symposium (Tucson AZ, ARLIS\/NA, 1986) p.69-78 ;Chris Hurley, \u201cThe Australian (\u2019Series\u2019) System: An Exposition\u201d, The Records Continuum op.cit. p. 150\u2013172;Chris Hurley, \u201c Problems with Provenance\u201d, Archives and Manuscripts. Vol. 23, No. 2, Nov. 1995, p.234-259."},{"key":"BF02802369_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"See,David Bearman, \u201cDevelopments in Metadata Frameworks\u201d, Archives & Museum Informatics, vol.10#2 p.185-188, and \u201cThe Research Process, Metadata and the Image as a Document\u201d in this issue","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02802367"},{"key":"BF02802369_CR23","unstructured":"See, especially,Frank Upward, \u201cPostcustodial Structural Properties\u201d, Ali chives and Manuscripts. Vol. 24, No. 2, Nov. 1996 (forthcoming) and \u201cThe Continuum: Principles, Structures and Dualities\u201d.Archives and Manu-scripts. Vol. 25, No. 1, May 1997 (forthcoming); Chris Hurley, \u201cStandards, Standardisation and Documentation\u201d, paper presented at the Australian Society of Archivists Conference, Alice Springs, May 1996;Chris Hurley, \u201cAmbient Functions Abandoned Children to Zoo\u201d, op.cit.My graphical representation differs from that used by Frank Upward and ue McKemmish but owes its origins to theirs and to the Monash University workshop in Canberra where it was developed on July 2, 1996."}],"container-title":["Archives and Museum Informatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02802369.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF02802369\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02802369","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02802369.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]],"date-time":"2023-05-17T16:26:28Z","timestamp":1684340788000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF02802369"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]}},"alternative-id":["BF02802369"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf02802369","relation":{},"ISSN":["1042-1467"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1042-1467","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]}}}