{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T15:48:17Z","timestamp":1762271297672},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,1]],"date-time":"2003-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1067644800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,1]],"date-time":"2003-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1067644800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Hematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf02983553","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,17]],"date-time":"2008-11-17T05:04:39Z","timestamp":1226898279000},"page":"297-303","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1): Persistence and Immune Control"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Charles R. M.","family":"Bangham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"BF02983553_CR1","first-page":"1941","volume-title":"Fields Virology","author":"PL Green","year":"2001","unstructured":"Green PL, Chen ISY. Human T lymphotropic viruses types 1 and 2. In Knipe, DM, Howley PM, eds,Fields Virology. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2001:1941\u20131969.","edition":"4th ed."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.63.2.308-333.1999","volume":"63","author":"P Hollsberg","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hollsberg P. Mechanisms of T-cell activation by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I.Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1999;63:308\u2013333.","journal-title":"Microbiol Mol Biol Rev."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.19.1.475","volume":"19","author":"M Yoshida","year":"2001","unstructured":"Yoshida M. Multiple viral strategies of HTLV-1 for dysregulation of cell growth control.Annu Rev Immunol. 2001;19:475\u2013496.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2613.2001.00191.x","volume":"82","author":"JM Johnson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Johnson JM, Harrod R, Franchini G. Molecular biology and pathogenesis of the human T-cell leukaemia\/lymphotropic virus Type-1 (HTLV-1).Int J Exp Pathol. 2001;82:135\u2013147.","journal-title":"Int J Exp Pathol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.66.3.396-406.2002","volume":"66","author":"B Albrecht","year":"2002","unstructured":"Albrecht B, Lairmore MD. Critical role of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 accessory proteins in viral replication and pathogenesis.Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2002;66:396\u2013406, Table of contents.","journal-title":"Microbiol Mol Biol Rev."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.15.1.15","volume":"15","author":"T Uchiyama","year":"1997","unstructured":"Uchiyama T. Human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) and human diseases.Annu Rev Immunol. 1997;15:15\u201337.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-5710(97)00077-7","volume":"66","author":"T Watanabe","year":"1997","unstructured":"Watanabe T. HTLV-1-associated diseases.Int J Hematol. 1997;66:257\u2013278.","journal-title":"Int J Hematol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)92734-5","volume":"2","author":"A Gessain","year":"1985","unstructured":"Gessain A, Barin F, Vernant JC, et al. Antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type-I in patients with tropical spastic paraparesis.Lancet. 1985;2:407\u2013410.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)91298-5","volume":"1","author":"M Osame","year":"1986","unstructured":"Osame M, Usuku K, Izumo S, et al. HTLV-I associated myelopathy, a new clinical entity.Lancet. 1986;1:1031\u20131032.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.3109\/13550289509111010","volume":"1","author":"M Nakagawa","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nakagawa M, Izumo S, Ijichi S, et al. HTLV-I-associated myelopathy: analysis of 213 patients based on clinical features and laboratory findings.J Neurovirol. 1995;1:50\u201361.","journal-title":"J Neurovirol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/166.4.943","volume":"166","author":"M Mochizuki","year":"1992","unstructured":"Mochizuki M, Watanabe T, Yamaguchi K, et al. Uveitis associated with human T lymphotropic virus type I: seroepidemiologic, clinical, and virologic studies.J Infect Dis. 1992;166:943\u2013944.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)91793-5","volume":"2","author":"OS Morgan","year":"1989","unstructured":"Morgan OS, Rodgers-Johnson P, Mora C, Char G. HTLV-1 and polymyositis in Jamaica.Lancet. 1989;2:1184\u20131187.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92896-P","volume":"336","author":"L LaGrenade","year":"1990","unstructured":"LaGrenade L, Hanchard B, Fletcher V, Cranston B, Blattner W. Infective dermatitis of Jamaican children: a marker for HTLV-I infection.Lancet. 1990;336:1345\u20131347.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90038-X","volume":"1","author":"K Nishioka","year":"1989","unstructured":"Nishioka K, Maruyama I, Sato K, Kitajima I, Nakajima Y, Osame M. Chronic inflammatory arthropathy associated with HTLV-I.Lancet. 1989;1:441.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)00065-0","volume":"13","author":"E Hanon","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hanon E, Stinchcombe JC, Saito M, et al. Fratricide among CD8(+) T lymphocytes naturally infected with human T cell lymphotropic virus type I.Immunity. 2000;13:657\u2013664.","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.6.1858","volume":"98","author":"M Nagai","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nagai M, Brennan MB, Sakai JA, Mora CA, Jacobson S. CD8(+) T cells are an in vivo reservoir for human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I.Blood. 2001;98:1858\u20131861.","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410370206","volume":"37","author":"TJ Lehky","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lehky TJ, Fox CH, Koenig S, et al. Detection of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) tax RNA in the central nervous system of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis patients by in situ hybridization.Ann Neurol. 1995;37:167\u2013175.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1007\/s004010050903","volume":"96","author":"E Matsuoka","year":"1998","unstructured":"Matsuoka E, Takenouchi N, Hashimoto K, et al. Perivascular T cells are infected with HTLV-I in the spinal cord lesions with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis: double staining of immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction in situ hybridization.Acta Neuropathol (Berl). 1998;96:340\u2013346.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol (Berl)."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1997.8978","volume":"241","author":"SO Southern","year":"1998","unstructured":"Southern SO, Southern PJ. Persistent HTLV-I infection of breast luminal epithelial cells: a role in HTLV transmission?Virology. 1998;241:200\u2013214.","journal-title":"Virology."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-9877(93)90111-3","volume":"41","author":"S Ijichi","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ijichi S, Izumo S, Eiraku N, et al. An autoaggressive process against bystander tissues in HTLV-I-infected individuals: a possible pathomechanism of HAM\/TSP.Med Hypotheses. 1993;41:542\u2013547.","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06538.x","volume":"96","author":"S Daenke","year":"1994","unstructured":"Daenke S, Bangham CR. Do T cells cause HTLV-1-associated disease? A taxing problem.Clin Exp Immunol. 1994;96:179\u2013181.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410260304","volume":"26","author":"M Yoshida","year":"1989","unstructured":"Yoshida M, Osame M, Kawai H, et al. Increased replication of HTLV-I in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy.Ann Neurol. 1989;26:331\u2013335.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V75.2.428.428","volume":"75","author":"A Gessain","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gessain A, Saal F, Gout O, et al. High human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I proviral DNA load with polyclonal integration in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of French West Indian, Guianese, and African patients with tropical spastic paraparesis.Blood. 1990;75:428\u2013433.","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410290214","volume":"29","author":"J Kira","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kira J, Koyanagi Y, Yamada T, et al. Increased HTLV-I proviral DNA in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy: a quantitative polymerase chain reaction study.Ann Neurol. 1991;29:194\u2013201.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(93)90004-I","volume":"42","author":"R Kubota","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kubota R, Fujiyoshi T, Izumo S, et al. Fluctuation of HTLV-I proviral DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy.J Neuroimmunol. 1993;42:147\u2013154.","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.3109\/13550289809114225","volume":"4","author":"M Nagai","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nagai M, Usuku K, Matsumoto W, et al. Analysis of HTLV-I proviral load in 202 HAM\/TSP patients and 243 asymptomatic HTLV-I carriers: high proviral load strongly predisposes to HAM\/TSP.J Neurovirol. 1998;4:586\u2013593.","journal-title":"J Neurovirol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280152403272","volume":"7","author":"T Matsuzaki","year":"2001","unstructured":"Matsuzaki T, Nakagawa M, Nagai M, et al. HTLV-I proviral load correlates with progression of motor disability in HAM\/TSP: analysis of 239 HAM\/TSP patients including 64 patients followed up for 10 years.J Neurovirol. 2001;7:228\u2013234.","journal-title":"J Neurovirol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-199909010-00012","volume":"22","author":"GP Taylor","year":"1999","unstructured":"Taylor GP, Tosswill JH, Matutes E, et al. Prospective study of HTLV-I infection in an initially asymptomatic cohort.J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999;22:92\u2013100.","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1086\/315088","volume":"180","author":"A Manns","year":"1999","unstructured":"Manns A, Miley WJ, Wilks RJ, et al. Quantitative proviral DNA and antibody levels in the natural history of HTLV-I infection.J Infect Dis. 1999;180:1487\u20131493.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.64.3.1278-1282.1990","volume":"64","author":"S Daenke","year":"1990","unstructured":"Daenke S, Nightingale S, Cruickshank JK, Bangham CR. Sequence variants of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I from patients with tropical spastic paraparesis and adult T-cell leukemia do not distinguish neurological from leukemic isolates.J Virol. 1990;64:1278\u20131282.","journal-title":"J Virol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-7915(00)00107-2","volume":"12","author":"CR Bangham","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bangham CR. The immune response to HTLV-I.Curr Opin Immunol. 2000;12:397\u2013402.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.9.6.525","volume":"9","author":"JP Slattery","year":"1999","unstructured":"Slattery JP, Franchini G, Gessain A. Genomic evolution, patterns of global dissemination, and interspecies transmission of human and simian T-cell leukemia\/lymphotropic viruses.Genome Res. 1999;9:525\u2013540.","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1086\/315897","volume":"182","author":"Y Furukawa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Furukawa Y, Yamashita M, Usuku K, Izumo S, Nakagawa M, Osame M. Phylogenetic subgroups of human T cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type I in the tax gene and their association with different risks for HTLV-I-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis.J Infect Dis. 2000;182:1343\u20131349.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10289","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.12.10289-10295.1999","volume":"73","author":"GP Taylor","year":"1999","unstructured":"Taylor GP, Hall SE, Navarrete S, et al. Effect of lamivudine on human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) DNA copy number, T-cell phenotype, and anti-tax cytotoxic T-cell frequency in patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy.J Virol. 1999;73:10289\u201310295.","journal-title":"J Virol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR35","unstructured":"Bangham CRM. The immune control and cell to cell spread of HTLV-1.J Gen Virol. In press."},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"BF02983553_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S187","DOI":"10.1086\/344269","volume":"186","author":"S Jacobson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jacobson S. Immunopathogenesis of human T cell lymphotropic virus type I-associated neurologic disease.J Infect Dis. 2002;186(suppl 2):S187-S192.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(91)90056-D","volume":"33","author":"F Yu","year":"1991","unstructured":"Yu F, Itoyama Y, Fujihara K, Goto I. Natural killer (NK) cells in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesisdecrease in NK cell subset populations and activity in HTLV-I seropositive individuals.J Neuroimmunol. 1991;33:121\u2013128.","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-09-2855","volume":"102","author":"M Saito","year":"2003","unstructured":"Saito M, Braud VM, Goon P, et al. Low frequency of CD94\/ NKG2A+ T lymphocytes in patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis, but not in asymptomatic carriers.Blood. 2003;102:577\u2013584.","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR39","first-page":"131","volume-title":"Oxford Textbook of Medicine.","author":"AJ McMichael","year":"2003","unstructured":"McMichael AJ. Principles of immunology. In: Warrell DA, Cox TM, Firth JD, Benz EJ, eds,Oxford Textbook of Medicine. 4th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2003:131\u2013144.","edition":"4th ed."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199307000-00010","volume":"52","author":"F Umehara","year":"1993","unstructured":"Umehara F, Izumo S, Nakagawa M, et al. Immunocytochemical analysis of the cellular infiltrate in the spinal cord lesions in HTLVI-associated myelopathy.J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1993;52:424\u2013430.","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR41","first-page":"1003","volume":"140","author":"Y Iwasaki","year":"1992","unstructured":"Iwasaki Y, Ohara Y, Kobayashi I, Akizuki S. Infiltration of helper\/ inducer T lymphocytes heralds central nervous system damage in human T-cell leukemia virus infection.Am J Pathol. 1992;140:1003\u20131008.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6778","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.68.10.6778-6781.1994","volume":"68","author":"S Niewiesk","year":"1994","unstructured":"Niewiesk S, Daenke S, Parker CE, et al. The transactivator gene of human T-cell leukemia virus type I is more variable within and between healthy carriers than patients with tropical spastic paraparesis.J Virol. 1994;68:6778\u20136781.","journal-title":"J Virol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1006\/smvy.1996.0006","volume":"7","author":"CRM Bangham","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bangham CRM, Kermode AG, Hall SE, Daenke S. The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response to HTLV-I: the main determinant of disease?Semin Virol. 1996;7:41\u201348.","journal-title":"Semin Virol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1126\/science.272.5258.74","volume":"272","author":"MA Nowak","year":"1996","unstructured":"Nowak MA, Bangham CR. Population dynamics of immune responses to persistent viruses.Science. 1996;272:74\u201379.","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3848","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.7.3848","volume":"96","author":"KJ Jeffery","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jeffery KJ, Usuku K, Hall SE, et al. HLA alleles determine human T-lymphotropic virus-I (HTLV-I) proviral load and the risk of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999;96:3848\u20133853.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7278","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.12.7278","volume":"165","author":"KJ Jeffery","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jeffery KJ, Siddiqui AA, Bunce M, et al. The influence of HLA class I alleles and heterozygosity on the outcome of human T cell lymphotropic virus type I infection.J Immunol. 2000;165:7278\u20137284.","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1086\/342953","volume":"186","author":"AM Vine","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vine AM, Witkover AD, Lloyd AL, et al. Polygenic control of human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) provirus load and the risk of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis.J Infect Dis. 2002;186:932\u2013939.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR48","first-page":"2419","volume":"12","author":"M Cavrois","year":"1996","unstructured":"Cavrois M, Gessain A, Wain-Hobson S, Wattel E. Proliferation of HTLV-1 infected circulating cells in vivo in all asymptomatic carriers and patients with TSP\/HAM.Oncogene. 1996;12:2419\u20132423.","journal-title":"Oncogene."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2003.2386","volume":"270","author":"B Asquith","year":"2003","unstructured":"Asquith B, Bangham CR. An introduction to lymphocyte and viral dynamics: the power and limitations of mathematical analysis.Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2003;270:1651\u20131657.","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5193(03)00013-4","volume":"222","author":"B Asquith","year":"2003","unstructured":"Asquith B, Bangham CR. The dynamics of T-cell fratricide: application of a robust approach to mathematical modelling in immunology.J Theor Biol. 2003;222:53\u201369.","journal-title":"J Theor Biol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR51","first-page":"129","volume":"15","author":"K Okochi","year":"1984","unstructured":"Okochi K, Sato H. Transmission of ATLV (HTLV-I) through blood transfusion.Princess Takamatsu Symp. 1984;15:129\u2013135.","journal-title":"Princess Takamatsu Symp."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6600519","volume":"219","author":"M Popovic","year":"1983","unstructured":"Popovic M, Sarin PS, Robert-Gurroff M, et al. Isolation and trans mission of human retrovirus (human t-cell leukemia virus).Science. 1983;219:856\u2013859.","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6980467","volume":"217","author":"N Yamamoto","year":"1982","unstructured":"Yamamoto N, Okada M, Koyanagi Y, Kannagi M, Hinuma Y. Transformation of human leukocytes by cocultivation with an adult T cell leukemia virus producer cell line.Science. 1982;217:737\u2013739.","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.30.4.905-910.1992","volume":"30","author":"N Fan","year":"1992","unstructured":"Fan N, Gavalchin J, Paul B, Wells KH, Lane MJ, Poiesz BJ. Infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and cell lines by cell-free human T-cell lymphoma\/leukemia virus type I.J Clin Microbiol. 1992;30:905\u2013910.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3335","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.9.3335","volume":"99","author":"PKC Goon","year":"2002","unstructured":"Goon PKC, Hanon E, Igakura T, et al. High frequencies of Th1-type CD4(+) T cells specific to HTLV-1 Env and Tax proteins in patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis.Blood. 2002;99:3335\u20133341.","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1126\/science.285.5425.221","volume":"285","author":"A Grakoui","year":"1999","unstructured":"Grakoui A, Bromley SK, Sumen C, et al. The immunological synapse: a molecular machine controlling T cell activation.Science. 1999;285:221\u2013227.","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1080115","volume":"299","author":"T Igakura","year":"2003","unstructured":"Igakura T, Stinchcombe JC, Goon PK, et al. Spread of HTLV-I between lymphocytes by virus-induced polarization of the cytoskeleton.Science. 2003;299:1713\u20131716.","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1159\/000208185","volume":"53","author":"P Schick","year":"1975","unstructured":"Schick P, Trepel F, Eder M, et al. Autotransfusion of 3H-cytidinelabelled blood lymphocytes in patients with Hodgkin\u2019s disease and non-Hodgkin patients, II: exchangeable lymphocyte pools.Acta Haematol. 1975;53:206\u2013218.","journal-title":"Acta Haematol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR59","first-page":"151","volume":"184","author":"R Pabst","year":"1993","unstructured":"Pabst R, Binns RM, Rothkotter HJ, Westermann J. Quantitative analysis of lymphocyte fluxes in vivo.Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1993;184:151\u2013159.","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3843","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.150.9.3843","volume":"150","author":"J Westermann","year":"1993","unstructured":"Westermann J, Persin S, Matyas J, van der Meide P, Pabst R. IFNgamma influences the migration of thoracic duct B and T lymphocyte subsets in vivo. Random increase in disappearance from the blood and differential decrease in reappearance in the lymph.J Immunol. 1993;150:3843\u20133852.","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1988.tb02432.x","volume":"28","author":"J Westermann","year":"1988","unstructured":"Westermann J, Puskas Z, Pabst R. Blood transit and recirculation kinetics of lymphocyte subsets in normal rats.Scand J Immunol. 1988;28:203\u2013210.","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR62","first-page":"1","volume":"19","author":"WL Ford","year":"1975","unstructured":"Ford WL. Lymphocyte migration and immune responses.Prog Allergy. 1975;19:1\u201359.","journal-title":"Prog Allergy."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.3109\/13550289909015810","volume":"5","author":"T Moritoyo","year":"1999","unstructured":"Moritoyo T, Izumo S, Moritoyo H, et al. Detection of human T-lymphotropic virus type I p40tax protein in cerebrospinal fluid cells from patients with human T-lymphotropic virus type I-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis.J Neurovirol. 1999;5:241\u2013248.","journal-title":"J Neurovirol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V95.4.1386.004k22_1386_1392","volume":"95","author":"E Hanon","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hanon E, Hall S, Taylor GP, et al. Abundant tax protein expression in CD4+ T cells infected with human T- cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is prevented by cytotoxic T lymphocytes.Blood. 2000;95:1386\u20131392.","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10048","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.142100999","volume":"99","author":"C Debacq","year":"2002","unstructured":"Debacq C, Asquith B, Kerkhofs P, et al. Increased cell proliferation, but not reduced cell death, induces lymphocytosis in bovine leukemia virus-infected sheep.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99:10048\u201310053.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4906(02)02337-2","volume":"23","author":"B Asquith","year":"2002","unstructured":"Asquith B, Debacq C, Macallan DC, Willems L, Bangham CR. Lymphocyte kinetics: the interpretation of labelling data.Trends Immunol. 2002;23:596\u2013601.","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2316","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200323763","volume":"33","author":"DC Macallan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Macallan DC, Asquith B, Irvine AJ, et al. Measurement and modeling of human T cell kinetics.Eur J Immunol. 2003;33:2316\u20132326.","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.2.708","volume":"95","author":"DC Macallan","year":"1998","unstructured":"Macallan DC, Fullerton CA, Neese RA, Haddock K, Park SS, Hellerstein MK. Measurement of cell proliferation by labeling of DNA with stable isotope-labeled glucose: studies in vitro, in animals, and in humans.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998;95:708\u2013713.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.9.1277","volume":"194","author":"H Mohri","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mohri H, Perelson AS, Tung K, et al. Increased turnover of T lym lymphocytes in HIV-1 infection and its reduction by antiretroviral therapy.J Exp Med. 2001;194:1277\u20131287.","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0502-509","volume":"8","author":"MC Levin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Levin MC, Lee SM, Kalume F, et al. Autoimmunity due to molecular mimicry as a cause of neurological disease.Nat Med. 2002;8:509\u2013513.","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9716","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.17.9716-9722.2003","volume":"77","author":"PK Goon","year":"2003","unstructured":"Goon PK, Igakura T, Hanon E, et al. High circulating frequencies of tumor necrosis factor alpha- and interleukin-2-secreting human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-specific CD4+ T cells in patients with HTLV-1-associated neurological disease.J Virol. 2003;77:9716\u20139722.","journal-title":"J Virol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/348245a0","volume":"348","author":"S Jacobson","year":"1990","unstructured":"Jacobson S, Shida H, McFarlin DE, Fauci AS, Koenig S. Circulating CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for HTLV-I pX in patients with HTLV-I associated neurological disease.Nature. 1990;348:245\u2013248.","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(92)90517-S","volume":"188","author":"CE Parker","year":"1992","unstructured":"Parker CE, Daenke S, Nightingale S, Bangham CR. Activated, HTLV-1-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are found in healthy seropositives as well as in patients with tropical spastic paraparesis.Virology. 1992;188:628\u2013636.","journal-title":"Virology."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2860","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.68.5.2860-2868.1994","volume":"68","author":"CE Parker","year":"1994","unstructured":"Parker CE, Nightingale S, Taylor GP, Weber J, Bangham CR. Circulating anti-Tax cytotoxic T lymphocytes from human T-cell leukemia virus type I-infected people, with and without tropical spastic paraparesis, recognize multiple epitopes simultaneously.J Virol. 1994;68:2860\u20132868.","journal-title":"J Virol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.177.6.1567","volume":"177","author":"I Elovaara","year":"1993","unstructured":"Elovaara I, Koenig S, Brewah AY, Woods RM, Lehky T, Jacobson S. High human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-specific precursor cytotoxic T lymphocyte frequencies in patients with HTLV-1-associated neurological disease.J Exp Med. 1993;177:1567\u20131573.","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.3.1765","volume":"162","author":"K Bieganowska","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bieganowska K, Hollsberg P, Buckle GJ, et al. Direct analysis of viral-specific CD8+ T cells with soluble HLA- A2\/Tax11-19 tetramer complexes in patients with human T cell lymphotropic virus-associated myelopathy.J Immunol. 1999;162:1765\u20131771.","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1996.0101","volume":"217","author":"S Daenke","year":"1996","unstructured":"Daenke S, Kermode AG, Hall SE, et al. High activated and memory cytotoxic T-cell responses to HTLV-1 in healthy carriers and patients with tropical spastic paraparesis.Virology. 1996;217:139\u2013146.","journal-title":"Virology."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/3.8.761","volume":"3","author":"M Kannagi","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kannagi M, Harada S, Maruyama I, et al. Predominant recognition of human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) pX gene products by human CD8+ cytotoxic T cells directed against HTLV- I-infected cells.Int Immunol. 1991;3:761\u2013767.","journal-title":"Int Immunol."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.191.3.567","volume":"191","author":"C Pique","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pique C, Ureta-Vidal A, Gessain A, et al. Evidence for the chronic in vivo production of human T cell leukemia virus type I Rof and Tof proteins from cytotoxic T lymphocytes directed against viral peptides.J Exp Med. 2000;191:567\u2013572.","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR80","first-page":"199","volume":"7","author":"S Ishihara","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ishihara S, Okayama A, Stuver S, et al. Association of HTLV-I antibody profile of asymptomatic carriers with proviral DNA levels of peripheral blood mononuclear cells.J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1994;7:199\u2013203.","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(92)90215-7","volume":"107","author":"J Kira","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kira J, Nakamura M, Sawada T, et al. Antibody titers to HTLV-Ip40tax protein and gag-env hybrid protein in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis: correlation with increased HTLV-I proviral DNA load.J Neurol Sci. 1992;107:98\u2013104.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(91)90165-4","volume":"103","author":"K Nagasato","year":"1991","unstructured":"Nagasato K, Nakamura T, Shirabe S, et al. Presence of serum antihuman T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) IgM antibodies means persistent active replication of HTLV-I in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy.J Neurol Sci. 1991;103:203\u2013208.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci."},{"key":"BF02983553_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2649","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.69.4.2649-2653.1995","volume":"69","author":"S Niewiesk","year":"1995","unstructured":"Niewiesk S, Daenke S, Parker CE, et al. Naturally occurring variants of human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax protein impair its recognition by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and the transactivation function of Tax.J Virol. 1995;69:2649\u20132653.","journal-title":"J Virol."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Hematology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF02983553\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02983553.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02983553","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02983553.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,21]],"date-time":"2023-05-21T03:11:57Z","timestamp":1684638717000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF02983553"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,11]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,11]]}},"alternative-id":["BF02983553"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf02983553","relation":{},"ISSN":["0925-5710","1865-3774"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0925-5710","type":"print"},{"value":"1865-3774","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,11]]}}}