{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T11:47:39Z","timestamp":1749124059600},"publisher-location":"Berlin\/Heidelberg","reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer-Verlag","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"3540557458"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1007\/bfb0031924","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,11]],"date-time":"2005-12-11T06:11:55Z","timestamp":1134281515000},"page":"63-79","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Reasoning with negative information, II: Hard negation, strong negation and logic programs"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Pearce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"5_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1002\/malq.19880340502","volume":"34","author":"S Akama","year":"1988","unstructured":"Akama, S, On the Proof Method for Constructive Falsity, Zeit. math. Logik & Grundlagen d. Math. 34 (1988), 385\u2013392.","journal-title":"Zeit. math. Logik & Grundlagen d. Math."},{"key":"5_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.2307\/2274105","volume":"49","author":"D Almukdad","year":"1984","unstructured":"Almukdad, D & Nelson, D, Constructible Falsity and Inexact Predicates, J Symbolic Logic 49 (1984), 231\u2013233.","journal-title":"J Symbolic Logic"},{"key":"5_CR3","volume-title":"Proc. Logic and Computer Sciences 1986","author":"C. Cellucci","year":"1987","unstructured":"Cellucci, C., Using Full First-Order Logic as a Programming Language, in Proc. Logic and Computer Sciences 1986, Rend. Sem. Mat. Univ. Pol. Torino, 1987."},{"key":"5_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/0743-1066(86)90006-3","volume":"3","author":"M Fitting","year":"1986","unstructured":"Fitting, M, A Kripke-Kleene Semantics for Logic Programs, J Logic Programming 3 (1986), 75\u201388.","journal-title":"J Logic Programming"},{"key":"5_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0743-1066(86)90002-6","volume":"3","author":"D Gabbay","year":"1986","unstructured":"Gabbay, D & Sergot, M, Negation as Inconsistency, J Logic Programming 3 (1986), 1\u201335.","journal-title":"J Logic Programming"},{"key":"5_CR6","unstructured":"Gelfond, M & Lifschitz, V, The Stable Model Semantics for Logic Programming, in Kowalski, R & Bowen, K, (Eds), Proc. ICLP-88, MIT Press, 1988, 1070\u20131080."},{"key":"5_CR7","unstructured":"Gelfond, M & Lifschitz, V, Logic Programs with Classical Negation, in Warren, D & Szeredi, P, (Eds), Proc. ICLP-90, MIT Press, 1990, 579\u2013597."},{"key":"5_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02121114","volume":"36","author":"Y Gurevich","year":"1977","unstructured":"Gurevich, Y, Intuitionistic Logic with Strong Negation, Studia Logica 36 (1977), 49\u201359.","journal-title":"Studia Logica"},{"key":"5_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Halln\u00e4s, L & Schroeder-Heister, P, A Proof-Theoretic Approach to Logic Programming, J Logic and Computation 1(1990).","DOI":"10.1093\/logcom\/1.2.261"},{"key":"5_CR10","unstructured":"Kowalski, R & Sadri, F, Logic Programs with Exceptions, in Warren, D & Szeredi, P, (Eds.), Proc. ICLP-90, MIT Press, 1990."},{"key":"5_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01969697","volume":"12","author":"F Kutschera","year":"1969","unstructured":"Kutschera, F, Ein verallgemeinerter Widerlegungsbegriff f\u00fcr Gentzenkalk\u00fcle, Arch. Math. Logik 12 (1969), 104\u2013118.","journal-title":"Arch. Math. Logik"},{"key":"5_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(86)90068-8","volume":"30","author":"H Levesque","year":"1986","unstructured":"Levesque, H, Making Believers out of Computers, Artificial Intelligence 30 (1986), 81\u2013107.","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"5_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/1385-7258(72)90053-4","volume":"34","author":"E. G. K. L\u00f3pez-Escobar","year":"1972","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Escobar, E G K, Refutability and Elementary Number Theory, Indag. Math. 34 (1972), 362\u2013374.","journal-title":"Indag. Math."},{"key":"5_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00245816","volume":"6","author":"J Lu","year":"1990","unstructured":"Lu, J & Subrahmanian, V, Protected Completions of First-Order General Logic Programs, J Automated Reasoning 6 (1990), 147\u2013172.","journal-title":"J Automated Reasoning"},{"key":"5_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/0743-1066(89)90031-9","volume":"6","author":"D Miller","year":"1989","unstructured":"Miller, D, A Logical Analysis of Modules in Logic Programming, J Logic Programming 6 (1989), 79\u2013108.","journal-title":"J Logic Programming"},{"key":"5_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.2307\/2268973","volume":"14","author":"D Nelson","year":"1949","unstructured":"Nelson, D, Constructible Falsity, J Symbolic Logic 14 (1949), 16\u201326.","journal-title":"J Symbolic Logic"},{"key":"5_CR17","volume-title":"Constructivity in Mathematics","author":"D Nelson","year":"1959","unstructured":"Nelson, D, Negation and Separation of Concepts in Constructive Systems, in Heyting, A (Ed), Constructivity in Mathematics, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1959."},{"key":"5_CR18","unstructured":"Pearce, D & Wagner, G, Reasoning with Negative Information, I: Strong Negation in Logic Programs, in Haaparanta, L, Kusch, M, & Niiniluoto, I, (eds.), Language, Knowledge, and Intentionality, (Acta Philosophica Fennica 49), Helsinki, 1990, 430\u2013453."},{"key":"5_CR19","series-title":"Lecture Notes in AI, Vol. 475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/BFb0038700","volume-title":"Extensions of Logic Programming","author":"D Pearce","year":"1991","unstructured":"Pearce, D & Wagner, G, Logic Programming with Strong Negation, in Schroeder-Heister, P, (Ed), Extensions of Logic Programming, Lecture Notes in AI, Vol. 475, Springer-Verlag, Berlin etc, 1991, 311\u2013326."},{"key":"5_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Poole, D & Goebel, R, Gracefully Adding Negation and Disjunction to Prolog, Proc. ICLP-86, MIT Press, 1986.","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-16492-8_112"},{"key":"5_CR21","unstructured":"Przymusinski, T, Perfect Model Semantics, in Kowalski, R, & Bowen, K, (Eds.), Proc. ICLP-88, MIT Press, 1988."},{"key":"5_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(80)90014-4","volume":"13","author":"R Reiter","year":"1980","unstructured":"Reiter, R, A Logic for Default Reasoning, Artificial Intelligence 13 (1980), 81\u2013132.","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"5_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1145\/5689.5920","volume":"29","author":"M Sergot","year":"1986","unstructured":"Sergot, M, Sadri, F, Kowalski, R, Kriwaczek, F, Hammond, P & Cory, H T, The British Nationality Act as a Logic Program, Communications of the ACM 29 (1986), 370\u2013386.","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"key":"5_CR24","unstructured":"Tan, Y-H, Standard Inference in Partial Logic, Technical Report, Free University Amsterdam, 1989."},{"key":"5_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1093\/logcom\/1.6.835","volume":"1","author":"G Wagner","year":"1991","unstructured":"Wagner, G, Logic Programming with Strong Negation and Inexact Predicates, Journal of Logic and Computation 1:6 (1991).","journal-title":"Journal of Logic and Computation"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Nonclassical Logics and Information Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BFb0031924.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]],"date-time":"2020-12-09T22:05:22Z","timestamp":1607551522000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BFb0031924"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"ISBN":["3540557458"],"references-count":25,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bfb0031924","relation":{},"subject":[]}}