{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T19:51:15Z","timestamp":1783194675893,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]],"date-time":"2017-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1508976000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Circuits Syst Signal Process"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00034-017-0680-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]],"date-time":"2017-10-26T04:31:25Z","timestamp":1508992285000},"page":"2250-2277","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Novel CMOS Dual-X Current Conveyor Transconductance Amplifier Realization with Current-Mode Multifunction Filter and Quadrature Oscillator"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9632-8435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atul","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhartendu","family":"Chaturvedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"680_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3603","DOI":"10.1007\/s00034-014-9807-4","volume":"33","author":"P Beg","year":"2014","unstructured":"P. Beg, S. Maheshwari, Generalized filter topology using grounded components and single novel active element. Circuits Syst. Signal Process. 33(11), 3603\u20133619 (2014)","journal-title":"Circuits Syst. Signal Process."},{"key":"680_CR2","unstructured":"D. Biolek, CDTA-building block for current-mode analog signal processing. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design 2003\u2014ECCTD\u201903, Krakow (2003), pp. 397\u2013400"},{"issue":"4","key":"680_CR3","first-page":"15","volume":"17","author":"D Biolek","year":"2008","unstructured":"D. Biolek, R. Senani, V. Biolkova et al., Active elements for analog signal processing: classification, review, and proposals. Radioengineering 17(4), 15\u201332 (2008)","journal-title":"Radioengineering"},{"key":"680_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"B. Chaturvedi, S. Maheshwari, Current mode biquad filter with minimum component count. Active Passive Electron. Compon. 2011, 391642 (2011). doi:\n                        10.1155\/2011\/391642","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/391642"},{"issue":"2","key":"680_CR5","first-page":"42","volume":"58","author":"B Chaturvedi","year":"2012","unstructured":"B. Chaturvedi, S. Maheshwari, Second order mixed mode quadrature oscillator using DVCCS and grounded components. Int. J. Comput. Appl. 58(2), 42\u201345 (2012)","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Appl."},{"issue":"1","key":"680_CR6","first-page":"1897","volume":"15","author":"B Chaturvedi","year":"2015","unstructured":"B. Chaturvedi, J. Mohan, Single active element based mixed-mode quadrature oscillator using grounded components. IU-JEE 15(1), 1897\u20131906 (2015)","journal-title":"IU-JEE"},{"issue":"2","key":"680_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1049\/ip-cds:19960223","volume":"143","author":"W Chiu","year":"1996","unstructured":"W. Chiu, S.I. Liu, H.W. Tsao, J.J. Chen, CMOS differential difference current conveyor and their applications. IEE Proc. Circuits Devices Syst. 143(2), 91\u201396 (1996)","journal-title":"IEE Proc. Circuits Devices Syst."},{"issue":"3","key":"680_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1049\/ip-cds:19971081","volume":"144","author":"HO Elwan","year":"1997","unstructured":"H.O. Elwan, A.M. Soliman, Novel CMOS differential voltage current conveyor and its applications. IEE Proc. Circuits Devices Syst. 144(3), 195\u2013200 (1997)","journal-title":"IEE Proc. Circuits Devices Syst."},{"key":"680_CR9","volume-title":"Low-Voltage Low Power CMOS Current Conveyors","author":"G Ferri","year":"2003","unstructured":"G. Ferri, N.C. Guerrini, Low-Voltage Low Power CMOS Current Conveyors (Springer Science and Business Media, Berlin, 2003)"},{"issue":"3","key":"680_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218126606003118","volume":"15","author":"YH Ghallab","year":"2006","unstructured":"Y.H. Ghallab, W. Badawy et al., The operational floating current conveyor and its applications. J. Circuits Syst. Comput. 15(3), 351\u2013372 (2006)","journal-title":"J. Circuits Syst. Comput."},{"key":"680_CR11","unstructured":"W. Jaikla, M. Siripruchyanun, Current controlled current differencing transconductance amplifier (CCCDTA): a new building block and its applications. In Proceedings of ECTI Conference (2006), pp. 348\u2013351"},{"key":"680_CR12","unstructured":"A. Jantakun, N. Pisutthipong, M. Siripruchyanun, A synthesis of temperature insensitive\/electronically controllable floating simulators based on DV-CCTAs. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Electrical Engineering\/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology, (ECTI-CON 2009) (2009), pp. 560\u2013563"},{"issue":"11","key":"680_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2012.03.018","volume":"66","author":"J Jin","year":"2012","unstructured":"J. Jin, C. Wang, Single CDTA-based current-mode quadrature oscillator. AEU Int. J. Electron. Commun. 66(11), 933\u2013936 (2012)","journal-title":"AEU Int. J. Electron. Commun."},{"key":"680_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.3906\/elk-1207-62","volume":"22","author":"J Jin","year":"2014","unstructured":"J. Jin, C. Wang, Current-mode universal filter and quadrature oscillator using CDTAs. Turk. J. Electr. Eng. Comput. Sci. 22, 276\u2013286 (2014)","journal-title":"Turk. J. Electr. Eng. Comput. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"680_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2006.05.011","volume":"61","author":"K Kaewdang","year":"2007","unstructured":"K. Kaewdang, W. Surakampontorn, On the realization of electronically current-tunable CMOS OTA. AEU Int. J. Electron. Commun. 61(5), 300\u2013306 (2007)","journal-title":"AEU Int. J. Electron. Commun."},{"issue":"6","key":"680_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2005.09.003","volume":"60","author":"AU Keskin","year":"2006","unstructured":"A.U. Keskin, D. Biolek, E. Hancioglu, V. Biolkova, Current-mode KHN filter employing current differencing transconductance amplifiers. AEU Int. J. Electron. Commun. 60(6), 443\u2013446 (2006)","journal-title":"AEU Int. J. Electron. Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"680_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.21647\/gijet\/2016\/v2\/i2\/48896","volume":"2","author":"A Kumar","year":"2016","unstructured":"A. Kumar, B. Chaturvedi, A novel MO-DXCCII based CMQO operated at low voltage. Grenze Int. J. Eng. Technol. 2(2), 9\u201317 (2016)","journal-title":"Grenze Int. J. Eng. Technol."},{"key":"680_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Kumar, B. Chaturvedi, Novel CMOS CFDITA and its application as electronically-tunable bistable multivibrator. In IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication (ICSC-2016) (2016), pp. 374\u2013379","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSPCom.2016.7980609"},{"issue":"1","key":"680_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218126617500104","volume":"26","author":"A Kumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"A. Kumar, B. Chaturvedi, Novel CMOS current inverting differential input transconductance amplifier and its application. J. Circuits Syst. Comput. 26(1), 16 (2017)","journal-title":"J. Circuits Syst. Comput."},{"key":"680_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3875","DOI":"10.1007\/s00034-017-0513-x","volume":"36","author":"A Kumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"A. Kumar, B. Chaturvedi, Single active element based tunable square\/triangular wave generator with grounded passive components. Circuits Syst. Signal Process. 36, 3875\u20133900 (2017)","journal-title":"Circuits Syst. Signal Process."},{"key":"680_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1049\/el.2016.4770","volume":"53","author":"A Kumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"A. Kumar, B. Chaturvedi, Fully electronically controllable Schmitt trigger circuit with dual hysteresis. Electron. Lett. 53, 459\u2013461 (2017)","journal-title":"Electron. Lett."},{"key":"680_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cta.2307","author":"A Kumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"A. Kumar, B. Chaturvedi, S. Maheshwari, A fully electronically controllable Schmitt trigger and duty cycle modulated waveform generator. Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl. (2017). doi:\n                        10.1002\/cta.2307","journal-title":"Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl."},{"issue":"3","key":"680_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mejo.2013.12.005","volume":"45","author":"YA Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Y.A. Li, Electronically tunable current-mode biquadratic filter and four-phase quadrature oscillator. Microelectron. J. 45(3), 330\u2013335 (2014)","journal-title":"Microelectron. J."},{"issue":"12","key":"680_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1080\/00207210412331332880","volume":"91","author":"S Maheshwari","year":"2004","unstructured":"S. Maheshwari, New voltage and current-mode APS using current controlled conveyor. Int. J. Electron. 91(12), 735\u2013743 (2004)","journal-title":"Int. J. Electron."},{"issue":"2","key":"680_CR25","first-page":"137","volume":"2","author":"S Maheshwari","year":"2007","unstructured":"S. Maheshwari, I.A. Khan, Novel single resistor controlled quadrature oscillator using two CDBAs. J. Active Passive Electron. Devices 2(2), 137\u2013142 (2007)","journal-title":"J. Active Passive Electron. Devices"},{"issue":"2","key":"680_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-cds:20070158","volume":"2","author":"S Maheshwari","year":"2008","unstructured":"S. Maheshwari, High output impedance current-mode all-pass sections with two grounded passive components. IET Circuits Devices Syst. 2(2), 234\u2013242 (2008)","journal-title":"IET Circuits Devices Syst."},{"key":"680_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1002\/cta.636","volume":"39","author":"S Maheshwari","year":"2011","unstructured":"S. Maheshwari, B. Chaturvedi, High output impedance CMQO using DVCCs and grounded components. Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl. 39, 427\u2013435 (2011)","journal-title":"Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl."},{"issue":"1","key":"680_CR28","first-page":"281","volume":"21","author":"S Maheshwari","year":"2012","unstructured":"S. Maheshwari, M.S. Ansari, Catalog of realizations for DXCCII using commercially available ICs and applications. Radioengineering 21(1), 281\u2013289 (2012)","journal-title":"Radioengineering"},{"issue":"2","key":"680_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-cds.2011.0213","volume":"6","author":"S Maheshwari","year":"2012","unstructured":"S. Maheshwari, B. Chaturvedi, High-input low-output impedance all-pass filters using one active element. IET Circuits Devices Syst. 6(2), 103\u2013110 (2012)","journal-title":"IET Circuits Devices Syst."},{"key":"680_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S. Maheshwari, Sinusoidal generator with \n                        $$\\pi $$\n                        \n                            \n                                \u03c0\n                            \n                        \n                    \/4-shifted four\/eight voltage outputs employing four grounded components and two\/six active elements. Active Passive Electron. Compon. 2014, 480590 (2014). doi:\n                        10.1155\/2014\/480590","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/480590"},{"issue":"1","key":"680_CR31","first-page":"36","volume":"20","author":"J Mohan","year":"2016","unstructured":"J. Mohan, B. Chaturvedi, S. Maheshwari, Low voltage mixed-mode multi phase oscillator using single FDCCII. Electronics 20(1), 36\u201342 (2016)","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"4","key":"680_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218126607003782","volume":"16","author":"S Minaei","year":"2007","unstructured":"S. Minaei, E. Yuce, Current-mode active-C filter employing reduced number of CCCII+s. J. Circuits Syst. Comput. 16(4), 507\u2013516 (2007)","journal-title":"J. Circuits Syst. Comput."},{"key":"680_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"N. Pandey, S.K. Paul, VM and CM universal filters based on single DVCCTA. Active Passive Electron. Compon. 2011, 929507 (2011). doi:\n                        10.1155\/2011\/929507","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/929507"},{"key":"680_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"N. Pandey, S.K. Paul, Differential difference current conveyor transconductance amplifier: a new building block for signal processing. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. 2011, 361384 (2011). doi:\n                        10.1155\/2011\/361384","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/361384"},{"issue":"6","key":"680_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2008.02.012","volume":"63","author":"D Prasad","year":"2009","unstructured":"D. Prasad, D.R. Bhaskar, A.K. Singh, Universal current-mode biquad filter using dual output current differencing transconductance amplifier. AEU Int. J. Electron. Commun. 63(6), 497\u2013501 (2009)","journal-title":"AEU Int. J. Electron. Commun."},{"key":"680_CR36","unstructured":"R. Prokop, V. Musil, CCTA\u2014a new modern circuit block and its internal realization. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Electronic Devices and Systems, (IMAPSCZ \u201905), Brno, Czech Republic (2005), pp. 89\u201393"},{"issue":"1","key":"680_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-cds.2009.0121","volume":"4","author":"M Sagbas","year":"2010","unstructured":"M. Sagbas, U.E. Ayten, H. Sedef, Current and voltage transfer function filters using a single active device. IET Circuits Devices Syst. 4(1), 78\u201386 (2010)","journal-title":"IET Circuits Devices Syst."},{"issue":"6","key":"680_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mejo.2014.04.008","volume":"45","author":"J Satansup","year":"2014","unstructured":"J. Satansup, W. Tangsrirat, Compact VDTA-based current-mode electronically tunable universal filters using grounded capacitors. Microelectron. J. 45(6), 613\u2013618 (2014)","journal-title":"Microelectron. J."},{"key":"680_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1109\/TCT.1970.1083067","volume":"17","author":"AS Sedra","year":"1970","unstructured":"A.S. Sedra, K.C. Smith, A second-generation current conveyor and its applications. IEEE Trans. Circuit Theory 17, 132\u2013134 (1970)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuit Theory"},{"issue":"3","key":"680_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1080\/00207210410001673448","volume":"91","author":"RK Sharma","year":"2004","unstructured":"R.K. Sharma, R. Senani, Universal current mode biquad using CFOA. Int. J. Electron. 91(3), 175\u2013183 (2004)","journal-title":"Int. J. Electron."},{"issue":"1","key":"680_CR41","first-page":"317","volume":"21","author":"SV Singh","year":"2012","unstructured":"S.V. Singh, S. Maheshwari, Current-processing current-controlled universal biquad filter. Radioengineering 21(1), 317\u2013323 (2012)","journal-title":"Radioengineering"},{"issue":"1","key":"680_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4236\/cs.2011.21001","volume":"2","author":"SV Singh","year":"2011","unstructured":"S.V. Singh, S. Maheshwari, D.S. Chauhan, Single MO-CCCCTA-based electronically tunable current\/trans-impedance-mode biquad universal filter. Circuits Syst. 2(1), 1\u20136 (2011)","journal-title":"Circuits Syst."},{"issue":"1","key":"680_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s00034-008-9014-2","volume":"27","author":"M Siripruchyanun","year":"2008","unstructured":"M. Siripruchyanun, W. Jaikla, Electronically controllable current-mode universal biquad filter using DO-CCCDTA. Circuits Syst. Signal Process. 27(1), 113\u2013122 (2008)","journal-title":"Circuits Syst. Signal Process."},{"issue":"6","key":"680_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s00202-007-0095-x","volume":"90","author":"M Siripruchyanun","year":"2008","unstructured":"M. Siripruchyanun, W. Jaikla, Current controlled current conveyor transconductance amplifier (CCCCTA): a building block for analog signal processing. Electr. Eng. 90(6), 443\u2013453 (2008)","journal-title":"Electr. Eng."},{"issue":"10","key":"680_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2011.01.002","volume":"65","author":"W Tangsrirat","year":"2011","unstructured":"W. Tangsrirat, Single-input three-output electronically tunable universal current-mode filter using current follower transconductance amplifiers. AEU Int. J. Electron. Commun. 65(10), 783\u2013787 (2011)","journal-title":"AEU Int. J. Electron. Commun."},{"issue":"5","key":"680_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.4236\/cs.2015.65012","volume":"6","author":"N Walde","year":"2015","unstructured":"N. Walde, S.N. Ahmad, Realization of a new current mode second-order biquad using two current follower transconductance amplifiers (CFTAs). Circuits Syst. 6(5), 113\u2013120 (2015)","journal-title":"Circuits Syst."},{"issue":"1","key":"680_CR47","first-page":"512","volume":"23","author":"J Xu","year":"2014","unstructured":"J. Xu, C. Wang, J. Jin et al., Low-voltage high linearity wideband current differencing transconductance amplifier and its application on current-mode active filter. Radioengineering 23(1), 512\u2013522 (2014)","journal-title":"Radioengineering"},{"key":"680_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1002\/cta.455","volume":"36","author":"E Yuce","year":"2008","unstructured":"E. Yuce, A. Kircay, S. Tokat, Universal resistorless current-mode filters employing CCCIIs. Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl. 36, 739\u2013755 (2008)","journal-title":"Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl."},{"issue":"2","key":"680_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s10470-005-0445-4","volume":"46","author":"E Yuce","year":"2006","unstructured":"E. Yuce, S. Minaei, O. Cicekoglu, Universal current-mode active-C filter employing minimum number of passive elements. Analog Integr. Circuit Signal Process. 46(2), 169\u2013171 (2006)","journal-title":"Analog Integr. Circuit Signal Process."},{"issue":"12","key":"680_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1080\/0020721031000120461","volume":"89","author":"A Zeki","year":"2002","unstructured":"A. Zeki, A. Toker, The dual-X current conveyor (DXCCII): a new active device for tunable continuous-time filters. Int. J. Electron. 89(12), 913\u2013923 (2002)","journal-title":"Int. J. Electron."}],"container-title":["Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00034-017-0680-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00034-017-0680-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00034-017-0680-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,13]],"date-time":"2018-04-13T07:30:26Z","timestamp":1523604626000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00034-017-0680-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["680"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00034-017-0680-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-081X","1531-5878"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-081X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-5878","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]]}}}