{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T16:41:23Z","timestamp":1775666483849,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,11]],"date-time":"2018-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1539216000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Circuits Syst Signal Process"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00034-018-0960-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,11]],"date-time":"2018-10-11T03:22:56Z","timestamp":1539228176000},"page":"2227-2244","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["A Modified Viterbi Algorithm-Based IF Estimation Algorithm for Adaptive Directional Time\u2013Frequency Distributions"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Nabeel Ali","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mokhtar","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Djurovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"960_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00034-017-0533-6","volume":"36","author":"S Ali","year":"2017","unstructured":"S. Ali, N. Khan, M. Haneef, X. Luo, Blind source separation schemes for mono-sensor and multi-sensor systems with application to signal detection. Circuits Syst. Signal Process. 36(11), 4615\u20134636 (2017)","journal-title":"Circuits Syst. Signal Process."},{"issue":"5","key":"960_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2017.2710235","volume":"34","author":"MG Amin","year":"2017","unstructured":"M.G. Amin, D. Borio, Y. Zhang, L. Galleani, Time\u2013frequency analysis for GNSSs: from interference mitigation to system monitoring. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 34(5), 85\u201395 (2017)","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. Mag."},{"issue":"6","key":"960_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2013.2265316","volume":"30","author":"F Auger","year":"2013","unstructured":"F. Auger, P. Flandrin, Y.-T. Lin, S. McLaughlin, S. Meignen, T. Oberlin, H.-T. Wu, Time\u2013frequency reassignment and synchrosqueezing: an overview. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 30(6), 32\u201341 (2013)","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. Mag."},{"key":"960_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"978487","DOI":"10.1155\/S1110865704404193","volume":"2004","author":"B Barkat","year":"2004","unstructured":"B. Barkat, K. Abed-Meraim, Algorithms for blind components separation and extraction from the time\u2013frequency distribution of their mixture. EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process. 2004, 978487 (2004)","journal-title":"EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process."},{"key":"960_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsp.2014.12.015","volume":"40","author":"B Boashash","year":"2015","unstructured":"B. Boashash, N.A. Khan, T. Ben-Jabeur, Time\u2013frequency features for pattern recognition using high-resolution TFDs: a tutorial review. Digit. Signal Process. 40, 1\u201330 (2015)","journal-title":"Digit. Signal Process."},{"issue":"18","key":"960_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5994","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2017.2737467","volume":"17","author":"S Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"S. Chen, X. Dong, G. Xing, Z. Peng, W. Zhang, G. Meng, Separation of overlapped non-stationary signals by ridge path regrouping and intrinsic chirp component decomposition. IEEE Sens. J. 17(18), 5994\u20136005 (2017)","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."},{"key":"960_CR7","unstructured":"C. Conru, I. Djurovi\u0107, C. Ioana, L. Stankovi\u0107, Time\u2013frequency detection using Gabor filter bank and Viterbi based grouping algorithm, in IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP) (2005)"},{"key":"960_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymssp.2015.06.029","volume":"66","author":"K Czarnecki","year":"2016","unstructured":"K. Czarnecki, The instantaneous frequency rate spectrogram. Mech. Syst. Signal Process. 66, 361\u2013373 (2016)","journal-title":"Mech. Syst. Signal Process."},{"key":"960_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2018.01.019","volume":"147","author":"K Czarnecki","year":"2018","unstructured":"K. Czarnecki, D. Fourer, F. Auger, M. Rojewski, A fast time\u2013frequency multi-window analysis using a tuning directional kernel. Signal Process. 147, 110\u2013119 (2018)","journal-title":"Signal Process."},{"issue":"3","key":"960_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2018.2795554","volume":"25","author":"I Djurovi\u0107","year":"2018","unstructured":"I. Djurovi\u0107, QML-RANSAC instantaneous frequency estimator for overlapping multicomponent signals in the time\u2013frequency plane. IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 25(3), 447\u2013451 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. Lett."},{"issue":"3","key":"960_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2003.12.006","volume":"84","author":"I Djurovi\u0107","year":"2004","unstructured":"I. Djurovi\u0107, L. Stankovi\u0107, An algorithm for the Wigner distribution based instantaneous frequency estimation in a high noise environment. Signal Process. 84(3), 631\u2013643 (2004)","journal-title":"Signal Process."},{"issue":"9","key":"960_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2655","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2004.832030","volume":"52","author":"I Djurovi\u0107","year":"2004","unstructured":"I. Djurovi\u0107, L. Stankovi\u0107, Modification of the ICI rule-based IF estimator for high noise environments. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 52(9), 2655\u20132661 (2004)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Signal Process."},{"issue":"9","key":"960_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3734","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2018.2812848","volume":"18","author":"X Dong","year":"2018","unstructured":"X. Dong, S. Chen, G. Xing, Z. Peng, W. Zhang, G. Meng, Doppler frequency estimation by parameterized time\u2013frequency transform and phase compensation technique. IEEE Sens. J. 18(9), 3734\u20133744 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."},{"issue":"2","key":"960_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1684(97)00183-7","volume":"64","author":"MK Emresoy","year":"1998","unstructured":"M.K. Emresoy, A. El-Jaroudi, Iterative instantaneous frequency estimation and adaptive matched spectrogram. Signal Process. 64(2), 157\u2013165 (1998)","journal-title":"Signal Process."},{"issue":"2","key":"960_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1109\/79.127284","volume":"9","author":"F Hlawatsch","year":"1992","unstructured":"F. Hlawatsch, F. Boudreaux-Bartels, Linear and quadratic time\u2013frequency signal representations. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 9(2), 21\u201367 (1992)","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. Mag."},{"key":"960_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N.E. Huang, Z. Shen, S.R. Long, M.C. Wu, H.H. Shih, Q. Zheng, N.-C. Yen, C.C. Tung, H.H. Liu, The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis, in Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, vol 454 (The Royal Society, 1998), p. 903\u2013995","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.1998.0193"},{"issue":"9","key":"960_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1109\/78.709514","volume":"46","author":"V Katkovnik","year":"1998","unstructured":"V. Katkovnik, L. Stankovi\u0107, Instantaneous frequency estimation using the Wigner distribution with varying and data-driven window length. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 46(9), 2315\u20132325 (1998)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Signal Process."},{"issue":"3","key":"960_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1007\/s00034-017-0603-9","volume":"37","author":"NA Khan","year":"2018","unstructured":"N.A. Khan, S. Ali, Sparsity-aware adaptive directional time\u2013frequency distribution for source localization. Circuits Syst. Signal Process. 37(3), 1223\u20131242 (2018)","journal-title":"Circuits Syst. Signal Process."},{"issue":"3","key":"960_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1002\/acs.2583","volume":"30","author":"N Khan","year":"2016","unstructured":"N. Khan, B. Boashash, Multi-component instantaneous frequency estimation using locally adaptive directional time frequency distributions. Int. J. Adapt. Control Signal Process. 30(3), 429\u2013442 (2016)","journal-title":"Int. J. Adapt. Control Signal Process."},{"issue":"3","key":"960_CR20","first-page":"1","volume":"7","author":"N Khan","year":"2017","unstructured":"N. Khan, P. Jonsson, M. Sandsten, Performance comparison of time\u2013frequency distributions for estimation of instantaneous frequency of heart rate variability signals. Appl. Sci. 7(3), 1\u201316 (2017)","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"960_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2018.06.018","volume":"100","author":"NA Khan","year":"2018","unstructured":"N.A. Khan, S. Ali, A new feature for the classification of non-stationary signals based on the direction of signal energy in the time\u2013frequency domain. Comput. Biol. Med. 100, 10\u201316 (2018)","journal-title":"Comput. Biol. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"960_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-017-1143-2","volume":"12","author":"P Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"P. Li, Q.-H. Zhang, An improved Viterbi algorithm for IF extraction of multicomponent signals. Signal Image Video Process. 12(1), 171\u2013179 (2017)","journal-title":"Signal Image Video Process."},{"issue":"5","key":"960_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2016.2642618","volume":"66","author":"F Lurz","year":"2017","unstructured":"F. Lurz, S. Lindner, S. Linz, S. Mann, R. Weigel, A. Koelpin, High-speed resonant surface acoustic wave instrumentation based on instantaneous frequency measurement. IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 66(5), 974\u2013984 (2017)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas."},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"960_CR24","first-page":"417","volume":"70","author":"D Mikluc","year":"2016","unstructured":"D. Mikluc, D. Bujakovi\u0107, M. Andri\u0107, S. Simi\u0107, Estimation and extraction of radar signal features using modified B distribution and particle filters. J. RF Eng. Telecommun. 70(9\u201310), 417\u2013427 (2016)","journal-title":"J. RF Eng. Telecommun."},{"issue":"4","key":"960_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1007\/s11045-017-0522-8","volume":"29","author":"M Mohammadi","year":"2018","unstructured":"M. Mohammadi, N. Khan, A.A. Pouyan, Automatic seizure detection using a highly adaptive directional time-frequency distribution. Multidimens. Syst. Signal Process. 29(4), 1661\u20131678 (2018)","journal-title":"Multidimens. Syst. Signal Process."},{"issue":"7","key":"960_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-016-0901-x","volume":"10","author":"M Mohammadi","year":"2016","unstructured":"M. Mohammadi, A. Pouyan, N. Khan, A highly adaptive directional time\u2013frequency distribution. Signal Image Video Process. 10(7), 1369\u20131376 (2016)","journal-title":"Signal Image Video Process."},{"issue":"8","key":"960_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3154","DOI":"10.1007\/s00034-018-0802-z","volume":"37","author":"M Mohammadi","year":"2018","unstructured":"M. Mohammadi, A.A. Pouyan, N. Khan, V. Abolghasemi, Locally optimized adaptive directional time-frequency distributions. Circuits Syst. Signal Process. 37(8), 3154\u20133174 (2018)","journal-title":"Circuits Syst. Signal Process."},{"issue":"4","key":"960_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2016.2647201","volume":"11","author":"TB Patel","year":"2017","unstructured":"T.B. Patel, H.A. Patil, Cochlear filter and instantaneous frequency based features for spoofed speech detection. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Signal Process. 11(4), 618\u2013631 (2017)","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Signal Process."},{"issue":"6","key":"960_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2006.10.013","volume":"87","author":"L Rankine","year":"2007","unstructured":"L. Rankine, M. Mesbah, B. Boashash, IF estimation for multicomponent signals using image processing techniques in the time\u2013frequency domain. Signal Process. 87(6), 1234\u20131250 (2007)","journal-title":"Signal Process."},{"key":"960_CR30","unstructured":"S. Sandoval, P.L. De Leon, Advances in empirical mode decomposition for computing instantaneous amplitudes and instantaneous frequencies, in 2017 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP) (2017), p. 4311\u20134315"},{"key":"960_CR31","volume-title":"Time\u2013Frequency Signal Analysis with Applications","author":"L Stankovi\u0107","year":"2013","unstructured":"L. Stankovi\u0107, M. Dakovi\u0107, T. Thayaparan, Time\u2013Frequency Signal Analysis with Applications (Artech House, Boston, 2013)"},{"key":"960_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsp.2014.09.008","volume":"2","author":"L Stankovi\u0107","year":"2014","unstructured":"L. Stankovi\u0107, I. Djurovi\u0107, S. Stankovi\u0107, M. Simeunovi\u0107, S. Djukanovi\u0107, M. Dakovi\u0107, Instantaneous frequency in time\u2013frequency analysis: enhanced concepts and performance of estimation algorithms. Digit. Signal Process. 2, 1\u201313 (2014)","journal-title":"Digit. Signal Process."},{"key":"960_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2014.01.004","volume":"50","author":"C Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"C. Wang, F. Kong, Q. He, F. Hu, F. Liu, Doppler effect removal based on instantaneous frequency estimation and time domain re-sampling for wayside acoustic defective bearing detector system. Measurement 50, 346\u2013355 (2014)","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"issue":"9","key":"960_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2014.2377038","volume":"22","author":"Y Yang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Y. Yang, X. Dong, Z. Peng, W. Zhang, G. Meng, Component extraction for non-stationary multi-component signal using parameterized de-chirping and band-pass filter. IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 22(9), 1373\u20131377 (2015)","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. Lett."}],"container-title":["Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00034-018-0960-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00034-018-0960-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00034-018-0960-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]],"date-time":"2019-10-10T23:20:08Z","timestamp":1570749608000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00034-018-0960-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,11]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["960"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00034-018-0960-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-081X","1531-5878"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-081X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-5878","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 June 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 October 2018","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 October 2018","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 October 2018","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}