{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T11:02:45Z","timestamp":1740135765258,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646611200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Circuits Syst Signal Process"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00034-022-01985-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T19:06:43Z","timestamp":1646680003000},"page":"4210-4237","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Compact Low-Loss 6-bit DMTL Phase Shifter Using a Novel Three-State Unit Cell"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Mir Majid","family":"Teymoori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2884-7062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massoud","family":"Dousti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saeid","family":"Afrang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"1985_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1007\/s00542-008-0637-9","volume":"4","author":"S Afrang","year":"2008","unstructured":"S. Afrang, B.Y. Majlis, Distributed transmission line phase shifter using MEMS switches and inductors. Microsyst. Technol. 4, 1173\u20131183 (2008)","journal-title":"Microsyst. Technol."},{"key":"1985_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mejo.2013.02.014","volume":"44","author":"S Afrang","year":"2013","unstructured":"S. Afrang, Small and low loss resonator type DMTL phase shifter. Microelectro. J. 44, 442\u2013453 (2013)","journal-title":"Microelectro. J."},{"key":"1985_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.1007\/s00542-016-2987-z","volume":"23","author":"S Afrang","year":"2017","unstructured":"S. Afrang, K. Samandari, G. Rezazadeh, A small size Ka band six-bit DMTL phase shifter using new design of MEMS switch. Microsyst. Technol. 23, 1853\u20131866 (2017)","journal-title":"Microsyst. Technol."},{"key":"1985_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1109\/22.734503","volume":"46","author":"NS Barker","year":"1998","unstructured":"N.S. Barker, G.M. Rebeiz, Distributed MEMS true-time delay phase shifters and wide-band switches. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 46, 1881\u20131890 (1998)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech."},{"key":"1985_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1109\/75.842070","volume":"10","author":"A Borgioli","year":"2000","unstructured":"A. Borgioli, Y. Liu, A. Nagra, R. York, K-band 3-bit low-loss distributed MEMS phase shifter. IEEE Microw. Guided Wave Lett. 10, 7\u20139 (2000)","journal-title":"IEEE Microw. Guided Wave Lett."},{"key":"1985_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mejo.2014.05.009","volume":"45","author":"A Chakraborty","year":"2014","unstructured":"A. Chakraborty, B. Gupta, B.K. Sarkar, Design, fabrication, and characterization of miniature RF MEMS switched capacitor-based phase shifter. Microelectron. J. 45, 1093\u20131102 (2014)","journal-title":"Microelectron. J."},{"key":"1985_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sna.2016.05.046","volume":"247","author":"A Chakraborty","year":"2016","unstructured":"A. Chakraborty, B. Gupta, Development of compact 180\u00b0 phase shifters based on MEMS technology. Sens. Actuators A: Phys. 247, 187\u2013198 (2016)","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators A: Phys."},{"key":"1985_CR8","first-page":"77","volume":"7","author":"A Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"A. Chen, W. Jiang, Z. Chen, Y. Li, A low-loss Ka-band distributed metal-air-metal MEMS phase shifter. Rzelad Elektrotechniczny. 7, 77\u201380 (2013)","journal-title":"Rzelad Elektrotechniczny."},{"key":"1985_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s00542-012-1649-z","volume":"19","author":"YJ Du","year":"2013","unstructured":"Y.J. Du, J.F. Bao, J.W. Jiang, A new design of multi-bit RF MEMS distributed phase shifters for phase error reduction. Microsyst. Technol. 19, 237\u2013244 (2013)","journal-title":"Microsyst. Technol."},{"key":"1985_CR10","first-page":"1","volume":"62","author":"A Gharekhani","year":"2017","unstructured":"A. Gharekhani, E. Abbaspour-Sani, A new structure for reducing the number of MEMS switches used in six-bit DMTL phase shifters. Acta Techniqa. 62, 1\u201312 (2017)","journal-title":"Acta Techniqa."},{"key":"1985_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2011.2112374","volume":"59","author":"S Gong","year":"2011","unstructured":"S. Gong, H. Shen, N.S. Barker, A 60 GHz 2-bit switched-line phase shifter using SP4T RF-MEMS switches. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 59, 894\u2013900 (2011)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech."},{"key":"1985_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2014.2379258","volume":"63","author":"OD Gurbuz","year":"2015","unstructured":"O.D. Gurbuz, G.M. Rebeiz, A 1.6\u20132.3 GHz RF MEMS reconfigurable quadrature coupler and its application to a 360\u00b0 reflective-type phase shifter. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 63, 414\u2013421 (2015)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech."},{"key":"1985_CR13","unstructured":"J.S. Hayden, High-performance digital X-band and Ka-band distributed MEMS phase shifters. University of Michigan. (2002)"},{"key":"1985_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2002.806520","volume":"51","author":"JS Hayden","year":"2003","unstructured":"J.S. Hayden, G.M. Rebeiz, Very low loss distributed X-band and Ka-band MEMS phase shifters using Metal-air-metal capacitors. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 51, 309\u2013314 (2003)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech."},{"key":"1985_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2918","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2002.805285","volume":"50","author":"HT Kim","year":"2002","unstructured":"H.T. Kim, J.H. Park, S. Lee, S. Kim, J.M. Kim, Y.J. Kim, Y. Kwon, V-band 2-b and 4-b low-loss and low-voltage distributed MEMS digital phase shifter using metal air metal capacitors. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 50, 2918\u20132923 (2002)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech."},{"key":"1985_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119120384","volume-title":"Modern Manufacturing Processes","author":"M Koc","year":"2019","unstructured":"M. Koc, T. Ozel, Modern Manufacturing Processes (John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2019)"},{"key":"1985_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F. Ling, M. Wang, M. Rais-Zadeh, A miniature distributed Ku-band phase shifter using tunable inductors and MEMS varactors. Wireless Research Collaboration Symposium (NWRCS) National. 11\u201314 (2014)","DOI":"10.1109\/NWRCS.2014.7"},{"key":"1985_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P. Meineri, D. Dubuc, K. Grenier, Liquid-based tunable loaded-line phase shifter. In Proc. 42nd European Microwave Conf. 719\u2013722 (2012)","DOI":"10.23919\/EuMC.2012.6459122"},{"key":"1985_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/s10470-014-0450-6","volume":"82","author":"B Menbari","year":"2014","unstructured":"B. Menbari, M. Dousti, Low insertion loss high power handling and good performance 90\u00b0 phase shifter for X-band radar application. Analog Integr. Circ. S. 82, 181\u2013187 (2014)","journal-title":"Analog Integr. Circ. S."},{"key":"1985_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1080\/00207217.2013.869768","volume":"101","author":"B Menbari","year":"2013","unstructured":"B. Menbari, M. Dousti, H. Hajghassem, A wide range, high yield and good performance pHEMT switch for MMIC phase shifter. Int. J. Electron. 101, 1467\u20131477 (2013)","journal-title":"Int. J. Electron."},{"key":"1985_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s00034-011-9290-0","volume":"31","author":"S Minaei","year":"2012","unstructured":"S. Minaei, E. Yuce, High input impedance NMOS-based phase shifter with minimum number of passive elements. Circuits Syst. Signal Process. 31, 51\u201360 (2012)","journal-title":"Circuits Syst. Signal Process."},{"key":"1985_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sna.2004.10.006","volume":"119","author":"W Palei","year":"2005","unstructured":"W. Palei, A.Q. Liu, A.B. Yu, A. Alphones, Y.H. Lee, Optimization of design and fabrication for micromachined true time delay (TTD) phase shifters. Sens. Actuators. A: Phys. 119, 446\u2013454 (2005)","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators. A: Phys."},{"key":"1985_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1109\/JMEMS.2002.805042","volume":"11","author":"JH Park","year":"2002","unstructured":"J.H. Park, H.T. Kim, W. Choi, Y. Kwon, Y.K. Kim, V-band reflection-type phase shifters using micromachined CPW coupler and RF switches. J. Microelectromech. Syst. 11, 808\u2013814 (2002)","journal-title":"J. Microelectromech. Syst."},{"key":"1985_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1007\/s00542-013-1921-x","volume":"20","author":"A Razeghi","year":"2014","unstructured":"A. Razeghi, B.A. Ganji, A novel design of RF MEMS dual band phase shifter. Microsyst. Technol. 20, 445\u2013450 (2014)","journal-title":"Microsyst. Technol."},{"key":"1985_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G.M. Rebeiz, RF MEMS: Theory, Design, and Technology. New Jersey (2003)","DOI":"10.1002\/0471225282"},{"key":"1985_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1002\/mop.30543","volume":"59","author":"J Saijets","year":"2017","unstructured":"J. Saijets, P. Rantakari, T. Vaha-Heikkila, Low loss Ku to Ka Band analog DMTL phase shifter with 360\u00b0 phase shifts. Microw. Opt. Techn. Let. 59, 1401\u20131404 (2017)","journal-title":"Microw. Opt. Techn. Let."},{"key":"1985_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"N.M. Sindhuja, S. Kanthamani, 3Bit DMTL phase shifter for phased array antennas. J. Circuit Syst. Comp. 28 (2019) DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/S0218126619501123","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218126619501123"},{"key":"1985_CR28","unstructured":"E.A. Wolff, R.D. Kaul, Microwave Engineering and Systems Application. New York. (1988)"},{"key":"1985_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1002\/mmce.10100","volume":"13","author":"H Zhang","year":"2003","unstructured":"H. Zhang, A. Laws, K.C. Gupta, Y.C. Lee, V.M. Bright, MEMS variable-capacitor phase shifters part II: Reflection-type phase shifters. Int. J. RF Microw. Comput. Aided Eng. 13, 415\u2013425 (2003)","journal-title":"Int. J. RF Microw. Comput. Aided Eng."},{"key":"1985_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1002\/mmce.10089","volume":"13","author":"H Zhang","year":"2003","unstructured":"H. Zhang, A. Laws, K.C. Gupta, Y.C. Lee, V.M. Bright, MEMS variable-capacitor phase shifters part I: Loaded-line phase shifter. Int. J. RF Microw. Computer Aided Eng. 13, 321\u2013337 (2003)","journal-title":"Int. J. RF Microw. Computer Aided Eng."}],"container-title":["Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00034-022-01985-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00034-022-01985-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00034-022-01985-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T16:39:30Z","timestamp":1655915970000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00034-022-01985-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["1985"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00034-022-01985-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-081X","1531-5878"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0278-081X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1531-5878"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 May 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 February 2022","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 February 2022","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 March 2022","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}