{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T16:15:35Z","timestamp":1769184935424,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668384000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009043","name":"University of Patras","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009043","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Circuits Syst Signal Process"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Second-generation voltage conveyor structures, based on the employment of flipped voltage follower stages, are investigated and proposed in this work. The proposed core has the feature of offering extremely low or electronically adjustable input resistance and programmable outputs, enhancing the achieved design flexibility and versatility of this active cell. Two design examples are presented in this work, including a multi-phase sinusoidal oscillator topology and an electronically adjustable first-order low-pass filter, both supported by simulation and experimental results.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00034-022-02230-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T17:02:52Z","timestamp":1668445372000},"page":"2028-2048","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Flipped Voltage Follower-Based Voltage Conveyors: Investigation and Possible Enhancements"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0817-7228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Costas","family":"Psychalinos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Yesil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shahram","family":"Minaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Bertsias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"16","key":"2230_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3545","DOI":"10.3390\/s19163545","volume":"19","author":"G Barile","year":"2019","unstructured":"G. Barile, L. Safari, G. Ferri, V. Stornelli, A VCII-based stray insensitive analog interface for differential capacitance sensors. Sensors 19(16), 3545 (2019)","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"7","key":"2230_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics10070822","volume":"10","author":"G Barile","year":"2021","unstructured":"G. Barile, L. Safari, L. Pantoli, V. Stornelli, G. Ferri, Electronically tunable first order AP\/LP and lp\/hp filter topologies using electronically controllable second generation voltage conveyor (CVCII). Electronics 10(7), 822 (2021)","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"11","key":"2230_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics8111292","volume":"8","author":"G Barile","year":"2019","unstructured":"G. Barile, V. Stornelli, G. Ferri, L. Safari, E. D\u2019Amico, A new rail-to-rail second generation voltage conveyor. Electronics 8(11), 1292 (2019)","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"7","key":"2230_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2005.851387","volume":"52","author":"RG Carvajal","year":"2005","unstructured":"R.G. Carvajal, J. Ram\u00edrez-Angulo, A.J. L\u00f3pez-Mart\u00edn, A. Torralba, J.A.G. Gal\u00e1n, A. Carlosena, F.M. Chavero, The flipped voltage follower: a useful cell for low-voltage low-power circuit design. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I Regul. Pap. 52(7), 1276\u20131291 (2005)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I Regul. Pap."},{"issue":"1","key":"2230_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1007\/s00034-018-0849-x","volume":"38","author":"B Chaturvedi","year":"2019","unstructured":"B. Chaturvedi, A. Kumar, Electronically tunable first-order filters and dual-mode multiphase oscillator. Circuits Syst. Signal Process. 38(1), 2\u201325 (2019)","journal-title":"Circuits Syst. Signal Process."},{"key":"2230_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.\u00a0Dvorak, D.\u00a0Kubanek, J.\u00a0Koton, J.\u00a0Jerabek, and D.\u00a0Smekal. Adjustable multiphase sinusoidal oscillator with fractional\u2013order elements. In 2019 11th International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT), pp. 1\u20136. IEEE, 2019","DOI":"10.1109\/ICUMT48472.2019.8970842"},{"issue":"1","key":"2230_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10470-020-01745-3","volume":"109","author":"G Ferri","year":"2021","unstructured":"G. Ferri, L. Safari, G. Barile, L. Pantoli, V. Stornelli, Noise analysis and optimization of VCII-based SiPM interface circuit. Analog Integr. Circuits Sig. Process 109(1), 1\u20139 (2021)","journal-title":"Analog Integr. Circuits Sig. Process"},{"issue":"2","key":"2230_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics11020286","volume":"11","author":"G Ferri","year":"2022","unstructured":"G. Ferri, L. Safari, G. Barile, M. Scarsella, V. Stornelli, New resistor-less electronically controllable$$\\pm $$C simulator employing VCII, DVCC, and a grounded capacitor. Electronics 11(2), 286 (2022)","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2230_CR9","first-page":"594","volume":"20","author":"W Jaikla","year":"2011","unstructured":"W. Jaikla, P. Prommee, Electronically tunable current-mode multiphase sinusoidal oscillator employing CCCDTA-based allpass filters with only grounded passive elements. Radioengineering 20(3), 594\u2013599 (2011)","journal-title":"Radioengineering"},{"issue":"4","key":"2230_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2005.851020","volume":"41","author":"M Jones","year":"2005","unstructured":"M. Jones, S.N. Vukosavic, E. Levi, A. Iqbal, A six-phase series-connected two-motor drive with decoupled dynamic control. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 41(4), 1056\u20131066 (2005)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl."},{"key":"2230_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2017.07.004","volume":"81","author":"A Kumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"A. Kumar, S.K. Paul, Current mode first order universal filter and multiphase sinusoidal oscillator. AEU-Int. J. Electron. Commun. 81, 37\u201349 (2017)","journal-title":"AEU-Int. J. Electron. Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"2230_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s10470-010-9470-z","volume":"65","author":"M Kumngern","year":"2010","unstructured":"M. Kumngern, J. Chanwutitum, K. Dejhan, Electronically tunable multiphase sinusoidal oscillator using translinear current conveyors. Analog Integr. Circuits Sig. Process 65(2), 327\u2013334 (2010)","journal-title":"Analog Integr. Circuits Sig. Process"},{"key":"2230_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.\u00a0Kumngern, U.\u00a0Torteanchai, and F.\u00a0Khateb. CMOS class AB second generation voltage conveyor, in 2019 IEEE International Circuits and Systems Symposium (ICSyS), pp. 1\u20134. IEEE, 2019","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSyS47076.2019.8982420"},{"issue":"2","key":"2230_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2007.891780","volume":"54","author":"D-C Lee","year":"2007","unstructured":"D.-C. Lee, Y.-S. Kim, Control of single-phase-to-three-phase AC\/DC\/AC PWM converters for induction motor drives. IEEE Trans. Industr. Electron. 54(2), 797\u2013804 (2007)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Industr. Electron."},{"key":"2230_CR15","first-page":"11","volume":"2","author":"R Pandey","year":"2011","unstructured":"R. Pandey, N. Pandey, M. Bothra, S.K. Paul, Operational transresistance amplifier-based multiphase sinusoidal oscillators. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. 2, 11 (2011)","journal-title":"J. Electr. Comput. Eng."},{"key":"2230_CR16","unstructured":"K.\u00a0Pitaksuttayaprot and W.\u00a0Jaikla. Electronically tunable current-mode multiphase sinusoidal oscillator employing CDCTA-based all pass filters, in Proceedings of the International Conference on Circuits, Systems and Control, pp. 69\u201373, 2014"},{"issue":"3","key":"2230_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics11030312","volume":"11","author":"L Safari","year":"2022","unstructured":"L. Safari, G. Barile, D. Colaiuda, V. Stornelli, G. Ferri, Realization of an electronically tunable resistor-less floating inductance simulator using VCII. Electronics 11(3), 312 (2022)","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2230_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics11040646","volume":"11","author":"L Safari","year":"2022","unstructured":"L. Safari, G. Barile, G. Ferri, M. Ragnoli, V. Stornelli, A new realization of electronically tunable multiple-input single-voltage output second-order LP\/BP filter using VCII. Electronics 11(4), 646 (2022)","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"9","key":"2230_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mmce.21534","volume":"28","author":"L Safari","year":"2018","unstructured":"L. Safari, G. Barile, G. Ferri, V. Stornelli, High performance voltage output filter realizations using second generation voltage conveyor. Int. J. RF Microwave Comput. Aided Eng. 28(9), e21534 (2018)","journal-title":"Int. J. RF Microwave Comput. Aided Eng."},{"issue":"7","key":"2230_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics8070765","volume":"8","author":"L Safari","year":"2019","unstructured":"L. Safari, G. Barile, G. Ferri, V. Stornelli, A new low-voltage low-power dual-mode VCII-based SIMO universal filter. Electronics 8(7), 765 (2019)","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2230_CR21","first-page":"547","volume":"66","author":"L Safari","year":"2018","unstructured":"L. Safari, G. Barile, V. Stornelli, G. Ferri, An overview on the second generation voltage conveyor: features, design and applications. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Express Briefs 66(4), 547\u2013551 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Express Briefs"},{"issue":"18","key":"2230_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2303","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics10182303","volume":"10","author":"L Safari","year":"2021","unstructured":"L. Safari, G. Barile, V. Stornelli, S. Minaei, G. Ferri, Towards realization of a low-voltage class-AB VCII with high current drive capability. Electronics 10(18), 2303 (2021)","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"7","key":"2230_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1002\/cta.2770","volume":"48","author":"L Safari","year":"2020","unstructured":"L. Safari, E. Yuce, S. Minaei, G. Ferri, V. Stornelli, A second-generation voltage conveyor (vcii)-based simulated grounded inductor. Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl. 48(7), 1180\u20131193 (2020)","journal-title":"Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl."},{"issue":"1","key":"2230_CR24","first-page":"24","volume":"22","author":"M Sagbas","year":"2013","unstructured":"M. Sagbas, U.E. Ayten, N. Herencsar, S. Minaei, Current and voltage mode multiphase sinusoidal oscillators using CBTAs. Radioengineering 22(1), 24\u201333 (2013)","journal-title":"Radioengineering"},{"issue":"1","key":"2230_CR25","first-page":"57","volume":"4","author":"S Siripongdee","year":"2014","unstructured":"S. Siripongdee, P. Suwanjan, S. Tuntrakool, W. Jaikla, Electronically controllable current-mode multiphase sinusoidal oscillator for biomedical tissue measurement systems. Int. J. Biosci. Biochem. Bioinform. 4(1), 57 (2014)","journal-title":"Int. J. Biosci. Biochem. Bioinform."},{"issue":"12","key":"2230_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2009.11.013","volume":"64","author":"G Skotis","year":"2010","unstructured":"G. Skotis, C. Psychalinos, Multiphase sinusoidal oscillators using second generation current conveyors. AEU-Int. J. Electron. Commun. 64(12), 1178\u20131181 (2010)","journal-title":"AEU-Int. J. Electron. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"2230_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1002\/cta.486","volume":"37","author":"G Souliotis","year":"2009","unstructured":"G. Souliotis, C. Psychalinos, Electronically controlled multiphase sinusoidal oscillators using current amplifiers. Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl. 37(1), 43\u201352 (2009)","journal-title":"Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl."},{"issue":"3","key":"2230_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.3390\/jlpea11030030","volume":"11","author":"V Stornelli","year":"2021","unstructured":"V. Stornelli, G. Barile, L. Pantoli, M. Scarsella, G. Ferri, F. Centurelli, P. Tommasino, A. Trifiletti, A new VCII application: sinusoidal oscillators. J. Low Power Electron. Appl. 11(3), 30 (2021)","journal-title":"J. Low Power Electron. Appl."},{"issue":"1","key":"2230_CR29","first-page":"72","volume":"68","author":"V Stornelli","year":"2020","unstructured":"V. Stornelli, L. Safari, G. Barile, G. Ferri, A new extremely low power temperature insensitive electronically tunable VCII-based grounded capacitance multiplier. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Express Briefs 68(1), 72\u201376 (2020)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Express Briefs"},{"key":"2230_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G.\u00a0Tsirimokou, C.\u00a0Psychalinos, A.\u00a0Elwakil, and B.\u00a0Maundy. Fractional-order multiphase sinusoidal oscillator design using current-mirrors, in 2018 41st International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP), pp. 1\u20134. IEEE, 2018","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2018.8441399"},{"issue":"11","key":"2230_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.1002\/cta.2879","volume":"48","author":"A Yesil","year":"2020","unstructured":"A. Yesil, S. Minaei, New simple transistor realizations of second-generation voltage conveyor. Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl. 48(11), 2023\u20132038 (2020)","journal-title":"Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl."},{"key":"2230_CR32","first-page":"1","volume":"2","author":"A Yesil","year":"2021","unstructured":"A. Yesil, S. Minaei, C. Psychalinos, $$\\pm $$0.45 V CMOS second-generation voltage conveyor based on super source follower. Circuits Syst. Signal Process. 2, 1\u201315 (2021)","journal-title":"Circuits Syst. Signal Process."},{"key":"2230_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mejo.2021.105159","volume":"115","author":"A Yesil","year":"2021","unstructured":"A. Yesil, D. Ozenli, 4th order current-mode and transresistance-mode mosfet-c low-pass filter for multi-standard receivers. Microelectron. J. 115, 105159 (2021)","journal-title":"Microelectron. J."},{"issue":"14","key":"2230_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics10141693","volume":"10","author":"E Yuce","year":"2021","unstructured":"E. Yuce, L. Safari, S. Minaei, G. Ferri, G. Barile, V. Stornelli, A new simulated inductor with reduced series resistor using a single VCII$$\\pm $$. Electronics 10(14), 1693 (2021)","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2230_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-cds.2019.0469","volume":"14","author":"E Yuce","year":"2020","unstructured":"E. Yuce, L. Safari, S. Minaei, G. Ferri, V. Stornelli, New mixed-mode second-generation voltage conveyor based first-order all-pass filter. IET Circuits Dev. Syst. 14(6), 901\u2013907 (2020)","journal-title":"IET Circuits Dev. Syst."}],"container-title":["Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00034-022-02230-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00034-022-02230-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00034-022-02230-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]],"date-time":"2023-04-04T12:15:52Z","timestamp":1680610552000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00034-022-02230-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["2230"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00034-022-02230-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-081X","1531-5878"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-081X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-5878","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 July 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 October 2022","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 October 2022","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 November 2022","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"There are no relevant conflict of interest to report.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}