{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T09:57:07Z","timestamp":1774605427062,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62377031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62377031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GK202105006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GK202105006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015401","name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023-YBGY241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-YBGY241"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015401","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Circuits Syst Signal Process"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00034-025-03325-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T10:40:22Z","timestamp":1757414422000},"page":"2164-2186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Sound Event Localization and Detection Research Based on Inception Depth-Wise Convolution and Adaptive Efficient Channel Attention Block"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8196-9452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuyang","family":"Qiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Min","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"3325_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2018.2885636","volume":"13","author":"S Adavanne","year":"2018","unstructured":"S. Adavanne, A. Politis, J. Nikunen, T. Virtanen, Sound event localization and detection of overlapping sources using convolutional recurrent neural networks. IEEE J. Select. Top. Signal Process. 13(1), 34\u201348 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JSTSP.2018.2885636","journal-title":"IEEE J. Select. Top. Signal Process."},{"key":"3325_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S. Adavanne, A. Politis, T. Virtanen, Direction of arrival estimation for multiple sound sources using convolutional recurrent neural network. in 2018 26th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO) (2018), pp. 1462\u20131466. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23919\/EUSIPCO.2018.8553182","DOI":"10.23919\/EUSIPCO.2018.8553182"},{"key":"3325_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T. Butko, F.G. Pla, C. Segura, C. Nadeu, J. Hernando, Twosource acoustic event detection and localization: Online implementation in a smart-room. in 2011 19th European Signal Processing Conference (2011), pp. 1317\u20131321.","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/485738"},{"key":"3325_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"C.C. Chatterjee, M. Mulimani, S.G. Koolagudi, Polyphonic sound event detection using transposed convolutional recurrent neural network. in ICASSP 2020\u20132020 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP) (2020), pp. 661\u2013665. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICASSP40776.2020.9054628","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP40776.2020.9054628"},{"key":"3325_CR5","unstructured":"Z. Chen, Q. Huang, GLFE: Global-local fusion enhancement for sound event localization and detection. Technical Report of DCASE Challenge (2022)."},{"key":"3325_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"X. Chen, H. Li, M. Li, J. Pan, Learning a sparse transformer network for effective image deraining. in 2023 IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) (2023), pp. 5896\u20135905. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.00571","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.00571"},{"issue":"2","key":"3325_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-022-02252-w","volume":"17","author":"Z Cui","year":"2023","unstructured":"Z. Cui, N. Wang, Y. Su, W. Zhang, Y. Lan, A. Li, ECANet: Enhanced context aggregation network for single image dehazing. Signal Image Video Process. 17(2), 471\u2013479 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11760-022-02252-w","journal-title":"Signal Image Video Process."},{"issue":"2","key":"3325_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-023-02901-8","volume":"18","author":"T Dao","year":"2024","unstructured":"T. Dao, M. Guo, M. Ma, Sound event localization and detection using a spatial omni-dimensional dynamic interactions network. Signal Image Video Process. 18(2), 1911\u20131917 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11760-023-02901-8","journal-title":"Signal Image Video Process."},{"key":"3325_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"X. Ding, X. Zhang, J. Han, G. Ding, Scaling up your kernels to 31\u00d731: Revisiting large kernel design in cnns. in 2022 IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) (2022), pp. 11953\u201311965. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01166","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01166"},{"key":"3325_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Falcon-Perez, Curriculum learning with audio domain data augmentation for sound event localization and detection. Technical Report of DCASE Challenge (2022).","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP43922.2022.9747312"},{"key":"3325_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1109\/TASLP.2021.3133208","volume":"30","author":"E Fonseca","year":"2021","unstructured":"E. Fonseca, X. Favory, J. Pons, F. Font, X. Serra, Fsd50k: An open dataset of human-labeled sound events. IEEE\/ACM Trans. Audio Speech Lang. Process. 30, 829\u2013852 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TASLP.2021.3133208","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans. Audio Speech Lang. Process."},{"key":"3325_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASLP.2023.3284525","author":"KGR Jacome","year":"2023","unstructured":"K.G.R. Jacome, F.L. Grijalva, B.S. Masiero, Sound events localization and detection using bio-inspired gammatone filters and temporal convolutional neural networks. in IEEE\/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing (2023),\u00a0pp. 2314\u22122324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TASLP.2023.3284525","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans. Audio Speech Lang. Process."},{"key":"3325_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"X. Jiang, C. Han, Y.A. Li, N. Mesgarani, Exploring self-supervised contrastive learning of spatial sound event representation. in ICASSP 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP) (2024), pp. 1281\u20131285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICASSP48485.2024.10447391","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP48485.2024.10447391"},{"key":"3325_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"J.S. Kim, H.J. Park, W. Shin, S.W. Han, AD-YOLO: You look only once in training multiple sound event localization and detection. in ICASSP 2023\u20132023 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP) (2023), pp. 1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICASSP49357.2023.10096460","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP49357.2023.10096460"},{"key":"3325_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Z. Liu, H. Mao, C.Y. Wu, C. Feichtenhofer, T. Darrell, S. Xie, A ConvNet for the 2020s. in 2022 IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) (2022), pp. 11966\u201311976. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01167","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01167"},{"key":"3325_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10407","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-015-3105-4","volume":"75","author":"K Lopatka","year":"2016","unstructured":"K. Lopatka, J. Kotus, A. Czyzewski, Detection, classification and localization of acoustic events in the presence of background noise for acoustic surveillance of hazardous situations. Multimedia Tools Appl. 75, 10407\u201310439 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-015-3105-4","journal-title":"Multimedia Tools Appl."},{"key":"3325_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apacoust.2023.109618","volume":"213","author":"RD Mart\u00ednez","year":"2023","unstructured":"R.D. Mart\u00ednez, A. Izquierdo, J.J. Villacorta, L. del Val, L.-A. Basterra, Acoustic detection and localisation system for Hylotrupes bajulus L. larvae using a MEMS microphone array. Appl. Acoust. 213, 109618 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apacoust.2023.109618","journal-title":"Appl. Acoust."},{"issue":"3","key":"3325_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.11896\/jsjkx.220500259","volume":"50","author":"P Mei","year":"2023","unstructured":"P. Mei, J. Yang, Q. Zhang, X. Huang, Sound event joint estimation method based on three-dimension convolution. Comput. Sci. 50(3), 191\u2013198 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11896\/jsjkx.220500259","journal-title":"Comput. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"3325_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.3390\/app6060162","volume":"6","author":"A Mesaros","year":"2016","unstructured":"A. Mesaros, T. Heittola, T. Virtanen, Metrics for polyphonic sound event detection. Appl. Sci. 6(6), 162 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app6060162","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"3325_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"A. Politis, K. Shimada, P. Sudarsanam, S. Adavanne, D. Krause, Y. Koyama, N. Takahashi, S. Takahashi, Y. Mitsufuji, T. Virtanen, STARSS22: A dataset of spatial recordings of real scenes with spatiotemporal annotations of sound events. arXiv preprint arXiv 2206.01948 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2206.01948","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2206.01948"},{"issue":"6","key":"3325_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00530-024-01582-8","volume":"30","author":"D Shi","year":"2024","unstructured":"D. Shi, M. Guo, M. Ma, A research for sound event localization and detection based on local\u2013global adaptive fusion and temporal importance network. Multimedia Syst. 30(6), 1\u201312 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00530-024-01582-8","journal-title":"Multimedia Syst."},{"issue":"7","key":"3325_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3398","DOI":"10.3390\/s23073398","volume":"23","author":"Y Shin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Y. Shin, C. Chun, Sound event localization and detection using imbalanced real and synthetic data via multi-generator. Sensors. 23(7), 3398 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s23073398","journal-title":"Sensors."},{"issue":"6","key":"3325_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5015","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-024-05438-6","volume":"54","author":"V Spoorthy","year":"2024","unstructured":"V. Spoorthy, S.G. Kooolagudi, Polyphonic sound event localization and detection using channel-wise FusionNet. Appl. Intell. 54(6), 5015\u20135026 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10489-024-05438-6","journal-title":"Appl. Intell."},{"key":"3325_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2024.106314","volume":"176","author":"H Sun","year":"2024","unstructured":"H. Sun, Y. Wen, H. Feng, Y. Zheng, Q. Mei, D. Ren, M. Yu, Unsupervised bidirectional contrastive reconstruction and adaptive fine-grained channel attention networks for image dehazing. Neural Netw. 176, 106314 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neunet.2024.106314","journal-title":"Neural Netw."},{"issue":"6","key":"3325_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scijus.2024.09.007","volume":"64","author":"Y Teng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Y. Teng, K. Zhang, X. Lv, Q. Miao, T. Zang, A. Yu, A. Hui, H. Wu, Gunshots detection, identification, and classification: Applications to forensic science. Science&Justice. 64(6), 625\u2013636 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scijus.2024.09.007","journal-title":"Science&Justice."},{"key":"3325_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Q. Wang, J. Du, Z. Nian, S. Niu, L. Chai, H. Wu, J. Pan, C.H. Lee, Loss function design for DNN-based sound event localization and detection on low-resource realistic data. in ICASSP 2023\u20132023 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP) (2023), pp. 1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICASSP49357.2023.10095144","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP49357.2023.10095144"},{"key":"3325_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Y. Wang, Y. Li, G. Wang, X. Liu, PlainUSR: Chasing faster ConvNet for efficient super-resolution. in Proceedings of the Asian Conference on Computer Vision (2024), pp. 4262\u20134279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-96-0911-615","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-96-0911-615"},{"key":"3325_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2020.09.038","volume":"421","author":"Y Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Y. Wang, G. Zhao, K. Xiong, G. Shi, Y. Zhang, Multi-scale and single-scale fully convolutional networks for sound event detection. Neurocomputing.\u00a0421, 51\u201365 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neucom.2020.09.038","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"issue":"4","key":"3325_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2024.3498097","volume":"72","author":"L Werthen-Brabants","year":"2025","unstructured":"L. Werthen-Brabants, Y. Castillo-Escario, W. Groenendaal, R. Jan\u00e9, T. Dhaene, D. Deschrijver, Deep learning-based event counting for apnea-hypopnea index estimation using recursive spiking neural networks. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 72(4), 1306\u20131315 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TBME.2024.3498097","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"3325_CR30","unstructured":"S. Wu, S. Huang, Z. Liu, J. Liu, Mlp-mixer enhanced crnn for sound event localization and detection in dcase 2022 task3. Technical Report of DCASE Challenge (2022)."},{"key":"3325_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2024.112692","volume":"305","author":"S Wu","year":"2024","unstructured":"S. Wu, Y. Wang, Y. Jiang, Q. Zhang, J. Liu, CRATI: Contrastive representation-based multimodal sound event localization and detection. Knowl.-Based Syst. 305, 112692 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.knosys.2024.112692","journal-title":"Knowl.-Based Syst."},{"issue":"12","key":"3325_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2206","DOI":"10.12466\/xhcl.2024.12.009","volume":"40","author":"J Xiao","year":"2024","unstructured":"J. Xiao, H. Guo, T. Wang, Z. Yang, Spatial information enhancement method for sound event localization and detection. J. Signal Process. 40(12), 2206\u20132218 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12466\/xhcl.2024.12.009","journal-title":"J. Signal Process."},{"issue":"7","key":"3325_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.3233\/AIC-220125","volume":"36","author":"L Yan","year":"2023","unstructured":"L. Yan, M. Guo, Z. Li, Sound event localization and detection using element-wise attention gate and asymmetric convolutional recurrent neural networks. AI Commun. 36(7), 147\u2013157 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/AIC-220125","journal-title":"AI Commun."},{"key":"3325_CR34","unstructured":"Z. Yan, J. Wang, L. Yang, J. Wang, Sound event localization and detection combined convolutional conformer structure and multi-accdoa strategies. Technical Report of DCASE Challenge (2022)."},{"key":"3325_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"H. Yang, S. Guo, X. Liu, Z. Yu, Z. Huang, Efficient SAR automatic target recognition based on self-distillation. in 2024 IEEE International Conference on Signal, Information and Data Processing (ICSIDP) (2024), pp. 1\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICSIDP62679.2024.10868954","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSIDP62679.2024.10868954"},{"issue":"2","key":"3325_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.16798\/j.issn.1003-0530.2024.02.016","volume":"40","author":"J Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"J. Yang, X. Huang, X. Zhang, Q. Zhang, P. Mei, Sound event localization and detection model based on multi-view attention. J. Signal Process. 40(2), 385\u2013395 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.16798\/j.issn.1003-0530.2024.02.016","journal-title":"J. Signal Process."},{"key":"3325_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"W. Yu, P. Zhou, S. Yan, X. Wang, Inceptionnext: When inception meets convnext. in 2024 IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) (2024), pp. 5672\u20135683. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CVPR52733.2024.00542","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52733.2024.00542"},{"key":"3325_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apacoust.2024.110267","volume":"228","author":"D Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"D. Zhang, J. Chen, S. Huang, J. Bai, Y. Jia, M. Wang, Synthesis-to-real robust training for enhanced sound event localization and detection using dynamic kernel convolution networks. Appl. Acoust. 228, 110267 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apacoust.2024.110267","journal-title":"Appl. Acoust."},{"key":"3325_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13700\/j.bh.1001-5965.2024.0019","author":"DP Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"D.P. Zhang, Z.T. Fu, Z.T. Zhu, L.L. Lin, M. Wei, FE-SELDnet: Sound event localization and detection network with enhanced feature expression. J. Beijing Univ. Aeronaut. Astronaut. (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13700\/j.bh.1001-5965.2024.0019","journal-title":"J. Beijing Univ. Aeronaut. Astronaut."},{"issue":"2","key":"3325_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.23919\/JSEE.2023.000110","volume":"35","author":"D Zhao","year":"2024","unstructured":"D. Zhao, K. Ding, X. Qi, Y. Chen, H. Feng, Sound event localization and detection based on deep learning. J. Syst. Eng. Electron. 35(2), 294\u2013301 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23919\/JSEE.2023.000110","journal-title":"J. Syst. Eng. Electron."},{"key":"3325_CR41","unstructured":"L. Zou, G. Yan, R. Wang, M. Lei, T. Gao, X. Fang, Multitask frame-level learning for few-shot sound event detection. Technical Report of DCASE Challenge (2023)."}],"container-title":["Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00034-025-03325-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00034-025-03325-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00034-025-03325-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T09:13:49Z","timestamp":1774602829000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00034-025-03325-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["3325"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00034-025-03325-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-081X","1531-5878"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-081X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-5878","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 August 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 August 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 September 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}