{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T23:24:06Z","timestamp":1782516246928,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,12]],"date-time":"2015-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1449878400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011102","name":"EU Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ID0EN6AE242"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID0EN6AE242"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011102","name":"EU Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ID0EZCAG243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID0EZCAG243"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011102","name":"EU Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ID0EBEAG244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID0EBEAG244"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Phenotyping Network","award":["ID0EHFAG245"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID0EHFAG245"]}]},{"name":"German-Plant-Phenotyping Network","award":["ID0ENGAG246"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID0ENGAG246"]}]},{"name":"German-Plant-Phenotyping Network","award":["ID0EPHAG247"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID0EPHAG247"]}]},{"name":"US Department of Energy","award":["ID0ERIAG248"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID0ERIAG248"]}]},{"name":"US Department of Energy","award":["ID0ETJAG249"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID0ETJAG249"]}]},{"name":"US Department of Energy","award":["ID0EVKAG250"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID0EVKAG250"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Machine Vision and Applications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00138-015-0737-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,12]],"date-time":"2015-12-12T08:23:14Z","timestamp":1449908594000},"page":"585-606","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":247,"title":["Leaf segmentation in plant phenotyping: a collation study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Hanno","family":"Scharr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Minervini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew P.","family":"French","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Klukas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imanol","family":"Luengo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Michel","family":"Pape","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerrit","family":"Polder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danijela","family":"Vukadinovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sotirios A.","family":"Tsaftaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"737_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2274","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2012.120","volume":"34","author":"R Achanta","year":"2012","unstructured":"Achanta, R., Shaji, A., Smith, K., Lucchi, A., Fua, P., Susstrunk, S.: SLIC superpixels compared to state-of-the-art superpixel methods. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 34(11), 2274\u20132282 (2012)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"issue":"6","key":"737_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1109\/34.295913","volume":"16","author":"R Adams","year":"1994","unstructured":"Adams, R., Bischof, L.: Seeded region growing. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 16(6), 641\u2013647 (1994)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"737_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2014.10.020","volume":"110","author":"E Aksoy","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aksoy, E., Abramov, A., W\u00f6rg\u00f6tter, F., Scharr, H., Fischbach, A., Dellen, B.: Modeling leaf growth of rosette plants using infrared stereo image sequences. Comput. Electron. Agric. 110, 78\u201390 (2015)","journal-title":"Comput. Electron. Agric."},{"key":"737_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aleny\u00e0, G., Dellen, B., Torras, C.: 3D modelling of leaves from color and ToF data for robotized plant measuring. In: IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, pp. 3408\u20133414 (2011)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA.2011.5980092"},{"issue":"3","key":"737_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2011.03756.x","volume":"191","author":"S Arvidsson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Arvidsson, S., P\u00e9rez-Rodr\u00edguez, P., Mueller-Roeber, B.: A growth phenotyping pipeline for Arabidopsis thaliana integrating image analysis and rosette area modeling for robust quantification of genotype effects. New Phytol 191(3), 895\u2013907 (2011)","journal-title":"New Phytol"},{"key":"737_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Augustin, M., Haxhimusa, Y., Busch, W., Kropatsch, W.G.: Image-based phenotyping of the mature Arabidopsis shoot system. In: Computer Vision\u2014ECCV 2014 Workshops, vol. 8928, pp. 231\u2013246. Springer (2015)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-16220-1_17"},{"issue":"9","key":"737_CR7","first-page":"28","volume":"29","author":"S Bansal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bansal, S., Aggarwal, D.: Color image segmentation using CIELab color space using ant colony optimization. Int. J. Comput. Appl. 29(9), 28\u201334 (2011)","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Appl."},{"key":"737_CR8","unstructured":"Barrow, H., Tenenbaum, J., Bolles, R., Wolf, H.: Parametric correspondence and chamfer matching: two new techniques for image matching. Tech. rep, DTIC (1977)"},{"key":"737_CR9","first-page":"299","volume":"6","author":"S Beucher","year":"1992","unstructured":"Beucher, S.: The watershed transformation applied to image segmentation. Scanning Microsc. Int. 6, 299\u2013314 (1992)","journal-title":"Scanning Microsc. Int."},{"key":"737_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3040.2007.01702.x","volume":"30","author":"B Biskup","year":"2007","unstructured":"Biskup, B., Scharr, H., Schurr, U., Rascher, U.: A stereo imaging system for measuring structural parameters of plant canopies. Plant Cell Environ. 30, 1299\u20131308 (2007)","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ."},{"issue":"6","key":"737_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1986.4767851","volume":"8","author":"J Canny","year":"1986","unstructured":"Canny, J.: A computational approach to edge detection. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 8(6), 679\u2013698 (1986)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"737_CR12","unstructured":"Casanova, D., Florindo, J.B., Gon\u00e7alves, W.N., Bruno, O.M.: IFSC\/USP at ImageCLEF 2012: plant identification task. In: CLEF (Online Working Notes\/Labs\/Workshop) (2012)"},{"key":"737_CR13","unstructured":"Cerutti, G., Antoine, V., Tougne, L., Mille, J., Valet, L., Coquin, D., Vacavant, A.: ReVeS participation: tree species classification using random forests and botanical features. In: Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum (2012)"},{"issue":"117","key":"737_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2013.07.003","volume":"10","author":"G Cerutti","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cerutti, G., Tougne, L., Mille, J., Vacavant, A., Coquin, D.: Understanding leaves in natural images: a model-based approach for tree species identification. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 10(117), 1482\u20131501 (2013)","journal-title":"Comput. Vis. Image Underst."},{"key":"737_CR15","unstructured":"CORESTA, C.: A scale for coding growth stages in tobacco crops (2009). http:\/\/www.coresta.org\/Guides\/Guide-No07-Growth-Stages_Feb09.pdf"},{"key":"737_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De\u00a0Vylder, J., Ochoa, D., Philips, W., Chaerle, L., Van Der\u00a0Straeten, D.: Leaf segmentation and tracking using probabilistic parametric active contours. In: International Conference on Computer Vision\/Computer Graphics Collaboration Techniques, pp. 75\u201385 (2011)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-24136-9_7"},{"issue":"3","key":"737_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.112.202762","volume":"160","author":"J Vylder De","year":"2012","unstructured":"De Vylder, J., Vandenbussche, F.J., Hu, Y., Philips, W., Van Der Straeten, D.: Rosette Tracker: an open source image analysis tool for automatic quantification of genotype effects. Plant Physiol. 160(3), 1149\u20131159 (2012)","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"737_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dellen, B., Scharr, H., Torras, C.: Growth signatures of rosette plants from time-lapse video. IEEE\/ACM Trans. Comput. Biol. Bioinform. PP(99), 1\u201311 (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/TCBB.2015.2404810"},{"key":"737_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dubuisson, M.P., Jain, A.K.: A modified Hausdorff distance for object matching. In: Proceedings of the 12th IAPR International Conferenced on Pattern Recognition, vol.\u00a01, pp. 566\u2013568 (1994)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.1994.576361"},{"issue":"2","key":"737_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-009-0275-4","volume":"88","author":"M Everingham","year":"2010","unstructured":"Everingham, M., Van Gool, L., Williams, C.K.I., Winn, J., Zisserman, A.: The Pascal Visual Object Classes (VOC) challenge. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 88(2), 303\u2013338 (2010)","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Vis."},{"key":"737_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giuffrida, M.V., Minervini, M., Tsaftaris, S.A.: Learning to count leaves in rosette plants. In: Proceedings of the Computer Vision Problems in Plant Phenotyping (CVPPP) Workshop, pp. 1.1\u20131.13. BMVA Press (2015)","DOI":"10.5244\/C.29.CVPPP.1"},{"issue":"11","key":"737_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2006.233","volume":"28","author":"L Grady","year":"2006","unstructured":"Grady, L.: Random walks for image segmentation. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 28(11), 1768\u20131783 (2006)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"issue":"3","key":"737_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2005.01609.x","volume":"169","author":"C Granier","year":"2006","unstructured":"Granier, C., Aguirrezabal, L., Chenu, K., Cookson, S.J., Dauzat, M., Hamard, P., Thioux, J.J., Rolland, G., Bouchier-Combaud, S., Lebaudy, A., Muller, B., Simonneau, T., Tardieu, F.: PHENOPSIS, an automated platform for reproducible phenotyping of plant responses to soil water deficit in Arabidopsis thaliana permitted the identification of an accession with low sensitivity to soil water deficit. New Phytol. 169(3), 623\u2013635 (2006)","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"issue":"1","key":"737_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-148","volume":"12","author":"A Hartmann","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hartmann, A., Czauderna, T., Hoffmann, R., Stein, N., Schreiber, F.: HTPheno: an image analysis pipeline for high-throughput plant phenotyping. BMC Bioinform. 12(1), 148 (2011)","journal-title":"BMC Bioinform."},{"key":"737_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He, X., Gould, S.: An exemplar-based CRF for multi-instance object segmentation. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), pp. 296\u2013303 (2014)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.45"},{"issue":"10\/11","key":"737_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1071\/FP09095","volume":"36","author":"M Jansen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jansen, M., Gilmer, F., Biskup, B., Nagel, K., Rascher, U., Fischbach, A., Briem, S., Dreissen, G., Tittmann, S., Braun, S., Jaeger, I.D., Metzlaff, M., Schurr, U., Scharr, H., Walter, A.: Simultaneous phenotyping of leaf growth and chlorophyll fluorescence via GROWSCREEN FLUORO allows detection of stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana and other rosette plants. Funct. Plant Biol. 36(10\/11), 902\u2013914 (2009)","journal-title":"Funct. Plant Biol."},{"issue":"6\u20137","key":"737_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1002\/rob.20293","volume":"26","author":"J Jin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jin, J., Tang, L.: Corn plant sensing using real-time stereo vision. J. Field Robot. 26(6\u20137), 591\u2013608 (2009)","journal-title":"J. Field Robot."},{"key":"737_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2014.11.001","volume":"133","author":"C Kalyoncu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kalyoncu, C., Toygar, \u00d6.: Geometric leaf classification. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 133, 102\u2013109 (2015)","journal-title":"Comput. Vis. Image Underst."},{"issue":"2","key":"737_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.113.233932","volume":"165","author":"C Klukas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Klukas, C., Chen, D., Pape, J.M.: Integrated analysis platform: an open-source information system for high-throughput plant phenotyping. Plant Physiol. 165(2), 506\u2013518 (2014)","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"issue":"13","key":"737_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/S0262-8856(01)00052-X","volume":"19","author":"F Kurugollu","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kurugollu, F., Sankur, B., Harmanci, A.E.: Color image segmentation using histogram multithresholding and fusion. Image Vis. Comput. 19(13), 915\u2013928 (2001)","journal-title":"Image Vis. Comput."},{"issue":"5","key":"737_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2004.1273918","volume":"26","author":"D Martin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Martin, D., Fowlkes, C., Malik, J.: Learning to detect natural image boundaries using local brightness, color, and texture cues. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 26(5), 530\u2013549 (2004)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"737_CR32","first-page":"416","volume":"2","author":"D Martin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Martin, D., Fowlkes, C., Tal, D., Malik, J.: A database of human segmented natural images and its application to evaluating segmentation algorithms and measuring ecological statistics. Int. Conf. Comput. Vis. (ICCV) 2, 416\u2013423 (2001)","journal-title":"Int. Conf. Comput. Vis. (ICCV)"},{"key":"737_CR33","unstructured":"Mezaris, V., Kompatsiaris, I., Strintzis, M.: Still image objective segmentation evaluation using ground truth. In: 5th COST 276 Workshop, pp. 9\u201314 (2003)"},{"key":"737_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2013.07.004","volume":"23","author":"M Minervini","year":"2014","unstructured":"Minervini, M., Abdelsamea, M.M., Tsaftaris, S.A.: Image-based plant phenotyping with incremental learning and active contours. Ecol. Inform. 23, 35\u201348 (2014). (Special Issue on Multimedia in Ecology and Environment)","journal-title":"Ecol. Inform."},{"key":"737_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Minervini, M., Fschbach, A., Scharr, H., Tsaftaris, S.: Finely-grained annotated datasets for image-based plant phenotyping. Pattern Recogn. Lett. (2015) (In press)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2015.10.013"},{"key":"737_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Minervini, M., Giuffrida, M.V., Tsaftaris, S.A.: An interactive tool for semi-automated leaf annotation. In: Proceedings of the Computer Vision Problems in Plant Phenotyping (CVPPP) Workshop, pp. 6.1-6.13. BMVA Press (2015)","DOI":"10.5244\/C.29.CVPPP.6"},{"issue":"4","key":"737_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2015.2405111","volume":"32","author":"M Minervini","year":"2015","unstructured":"Minervini, M., Scharr, H., Tsaftaris, S.A.: Image analysis: the new bottleneck in plant phenotyping. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 32(4), 126\u2013131 (2015)","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. Mag."},{"issue":"1","key":"737_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s13007-015-0052-z","volume":"11","author":"M M\u00fcller-Linow","year":"2015","unstructured":"M\u00fcller-Linow, M., Pinto-Espinosa, F., Scharr, H., Rascher, U.: The leaf angle distribution of natural plant populations: assessing the canopy with a novel software tool. Plant Methods 11(1), 11 (2015)","journal-title":"Plant Methods"},{"key":"737_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1071\/FP12023","volume":"39","author":"K Nagel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nagel, K., Putz, A., Gilmer, F., Heinz, K., Fischbach, A., Pfeifer, J., Faget, M., Blossfeld, S., Ernst, M., Dimaki, C., Kastenholz, B., Kleinert, A.K., Galinski, A., Scharr, H., Fiorani, F., Schurr, U.: GROWSCREEN-Rhizo is a novel phenotyping robot enabling simultaneous measurements of root and shoot growth for plants grown in soil-filled rhizotrons. Funct. Plant Biol. 39, 891\u2013904 (2012)","journal-title":"Funct. Plant Biol."},{"issue":"5","key":"737_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2012.183","volume":"35","author":"C Nieuwenhuis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nieuwenhuis, C., Cremers, D.: Spatially varying color distributions for interactive multilabel segmentation. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 35(5), 1234\u20131247 (2013)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"737_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pape, J.M., Klukas, C.: 3-D histogram-based segmentation and leaf detection for rosette plants. In: Computer Vision\u2014ECCV 2014 Workshops, vol. 8928, pp. 61\u201374. Springer (2015)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-16220-1_5"},{"issue":"8","key":"737_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2008.09.008","volume":"27","author":"M Polak","year":"2009","unstructured":"Polak, M., Zhang, H., Pi, M.: An evaluation metric for image segmentation of multiple objects. Image Vis. Comput. 27(8), 1223\u20131227 (2009)","journal-title":"Image Vis. Comput."},{"key":"737_CR43","volume-title":"Digital Image Processing","author":"WK Pratt","year":"1978","unstructured":"Pratt, W.K.: Digital Image Processing. Wiley-Interscience, New York, NY (1978)"},{"issue":"3","key":"737_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1145\/1141911.1141929","volume":"25","author":"L Quan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Quan, L., Tan, P., Zeng, G., Yuan, L., Wang, J., Kang, S.: Image-based plant modeling. ACM Trans. Graph. 25(3), 599\u2013604 (2006)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Graph."},{"key":"737_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Riemenschneider, H., Sternig, S., Donoser, M., Roth, P.M., Bischof, H.: Hough regions for joining instance localization and segmentation. In: Computer Vision\u2014ECCV 2012, vol. 7574, pp. 258\u2013271. Springer (2012)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-33712-3_19"},{"key":"737_CR46","unstructured":"Scharr, H., Minervini, M., Fischbach, A., Tsaftaris, S.A.: Annotated image datasets of rosette plants. Tech. Rep. FZJ-2014-03837, Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich GmbH, (2014). http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/2128\/5848"},{"key":"737_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2013.07.001","volume":"97","author":"L Silva","year":"2013","unstructured":"Silva, L., Koga, M., Cugnasca, C., Costa, A.: Comparative assessment of feature selection and classification techniques for visual inspection of pot plant seedlings. Comput. Electron. Agric. 97, 47\u201355 (2013)","journal-title":"Comput. Electron. Agric."},{"issue":"8","key":"737_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1007\/s00138-013-0530-0","volume":"24","author":"JVB Soares","year":"2013","unstructured":"Soares, J.V.B., Jacobs, D.W.: Efficient segmentation of leaves in semi-controlled conditions. Mach. Vis. Appl. 24(8), 1623\u20131643 (2013)","journal-title":"Mach. Vis. Appl."},{"key":"737_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Song, Y., Wilson, R., Edmondson, R., Parsons, N.: Surface modelling of plants from stereo images. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling (3DIM \u201907), pp. 312\u2013319 (2007)","DOI":"10.1109\/3DIM.2007.55"},{"key":"737_CR50","unstructured":"Teng, C.H., Kuo, Y.T., Chen, Y.S.: Leaf segmentation, classification, and three-dimensional recovery from a few images with close viewpoints. Opt. Eng. 50(3), 1\u201313 (2011)"},{"issue":"6","key":"737_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1109\/34.87344","volume":"13","author":"L Vincent","year":"1991","unstructured":"Vincent, L., Soille, P.: Watersheds in digital spaces: an efficient algorithm based on immersion simulations. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 13(6), 583\u2013598 (1991)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"issue":"11","key":"737_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1071\/FP12019","volume":"39","author":"G Heijden van der","year":"2012","unstructured":"van der Heijden, G., Song, Y., Horgan, G., Polder, G., Dieleman, A., Bink, M., Palloix, A., van Eeuwijk, F., Glasbey, C.: SPICY: towards automated phenotyping of large pepper plants in the greenhouse. Funct. Plant Biol. 39(11), 870\u2013877 (2012)","journal-title":"Funct. Plant Biol."},{"key":"737_CR53","unstructured":"W3C: Portable network graphics (PNG) specification (2003)"},{"issue":"2","key":"737_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2007.02002.x","volume":"174","author":"A Walter","year":"2007","unstructured":"Walter, A., Scharr, H., Gilmer, F., Zierer, R., Nagel, K.A., Ernst, M., Wiese, A., Virnich, O., Christ, M.M., Uhlig, B., J\u00fcnger, S., Schurr, U.: Dynamics of seedling growth acclimation towards altered light conditions can be quantified via GROWSCREEN: a setup and procedure designed for rapid optical phenotyping of different plant species. New Phytol. 174(2), 447\u2013455 (2007)","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"issue":"336","key":"737_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/50.336.1169","volume":"50","author":"A Walter","year":"1999","unstructured":"Walter, A., Schurr, U.: The modular character of growth in Nicotiana tabacum plants under steady-state nutrition. J. Exp. Bot. 50(336), 1169\u20131177 (1999)","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"737_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2013.04.014","volume":"96","author":"J Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang, J., He, J., Han, Y., Ouyang, C., Li, D.: An adaptive thresholding algorithm of field leaf image. Comput. Electron. Agric. 96, 23\u201339 (2013)","journal-title":"Comput. Electron. Agric."},{"issue":"2","key":"737_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-008-0194-9","volume":"82","author":"B Wu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wu, B., Nevatia, R.: Detection and segmentation of multiple, partially occluded objects by grouping, merging, assigning part detection responses. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 82(2), 185\u2013204 (2009)","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Vis."},{"issue":"25","key":"737_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1007\/s00138-014-0612-7","volume":"6","author":"B Yanikoglu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yanikoglu, B., Aptoula, E., Tirkaz, C.: Automatic plant identification from photographs. Mach. Vis. Appl. 6(25), 1369\u20131383 (2014)","journal-title":"Mach. Vis. Appl."},{"key":"737_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yin, X., Liu, X., Chen, J., Kramer, D.M.: Multi-leaf alignment from fluorescence plant images. In: IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), pp. 437\u2013444 (2014)","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV.2014.6836067"},{"key":"737_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yin, X., Liu, X., Chen, J., Kramer, D.M.: Multi-leaf tracking from fluorescence plant videos. In: IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), pp. 408\u2013412 (2014)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2014.7025081"},{"key":"737_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yin, X., Liu, X., Chen, J., Kramer, D.M.: Multi-Leaf Segmentation, Alignment and Tracking from Fluorescence Plant Videos. arXiv:1505.00353 (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2014.7025081"},{"issue":"4","key":"737_CR62","first-page":"537","volume":"8","author":"D Ziou","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ziou, D., Tabbone, S.: Edge detection techniques: an overview. Int. J. Pattern Recogn. Image Anal. 8(4), 537\u2013559 (1998)","journal-title":"Int. J. Pattern Recogn. Image Anal."}],"container-title":["Machine Vision and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00138-015-0737-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00138-015-0737-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00138-015-0737-3","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,16]],"date-time":"2020-05-16T05:58:17Z","timestamp":1589608697000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00138-015-0737-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,12]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]}},"alternative-id":["737"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00138-015-0737-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0932-8092","1432-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0932-8092","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,12]]}}}