{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T21:35:32Z","timestamp":1773696932665,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,24]],"date-time":"2018-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527120000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001602","name":"Science Foundation Ireland","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["07\/CE\/I114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["07\/CE\/I114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001602","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Machine Vision and Applications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00138-018-0944-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,24]],"date-time":"2018-05-24T19:08:31Z","timestamp":1527188911000},"page":"891-913","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Temporal segmentation and recognition of team activities in sports"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Cem","family":"Direko\u01e7lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noel E.","family":"O\u2019Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"944_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1145\/1922649.1922653","volume":"43","author":"JK Aggarwal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Aggarwal, J.K., Ryoo, M.S.: Human activity analysis: a review. ACM Comput. Surv. 43(3), 16 (2011)","journal-title":"ACM Comput. Surv."},{"key":"944_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kong, Y., Zhang, X., Wei, Q., Hu, W., Jia, Y.: Group action recognition in soccer videos. In: Proceedings of ICPR, pp. 1\u20134 (2008)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2008.4761001"},{"key":"944_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kong, Y., Hu, W., Zhang, X., Wang, H., Jia, Y.: Learning group activity in soccer videos from local motion. In: Proceedings of ACCV, pp. 103\u2013112 (2009)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-12307-8_10"},{"key":"944_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-10520-3_72","volume":"2","author":"Q Wei","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wei, Q., Zhang, X., Kong, Y., Hu, W., Ling, H.: Group action recognition using space time interest points. Int. Symp. Adv. Vis. Comput. 2, 757\u2013766 (2009)","journal-title":"Int. Symp. Adv. Vis. Comput."},{"key":"944_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, R., Chellappa, R., Zhou, S.K.: Learning multi-modal densities on discriminative temporal interaction manifold for group activity recognition. In: CVPR, pp. 2450\u20132457 (2009)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2009.5206676"},{"key":"944_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Swears, E., Hoogs, A.: Learning and recognizing complex multi-agent activities with applications to american football plays. In: IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), pp. 409\u2013416 (2012)","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV.2012.6163027"},{"key":"944_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ibrahim, M.S., Deng, Z., Muralidharan, S., Vahdat, A., Mori, G.: A hierarchical deep temporal model for group activity recognition. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), pp. 1971\u20131980 (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.217"},{"key":"944_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shu, T., Todorovic, S., Zhu, S.-C.: CERN: Confidence-energy recurrent network for group activity recognition. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision Pattern Recognition (To appear in proc. of CVPR 2017) (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.453"},{"key":"944_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fani, M., Neher, H., Clausi, D.A., Wong, A., Zelek, J.: Hockey action recognition via integrated stacked hourglass network. In: IEEE International Workshop on Computer Vision in Sports at CVPR (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2017.17"},{"key":"944_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsunoda, T., Komori, Y., Matsugu, M., Harada, T.: Football action recognition via hierarchical LSTM. In: IEEE International Workshop on Computer Vision in Sports at CVPR (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2017.25"},{"issue":"3","key":"944_CR11","first-page":"414","volume":"81","author":"SS Intille","year":"2001","unstructured":"Intille, S.S., Bobick, A.F.: Recognizing planned, multiperson action. CVIU 81(3), 414\u2013445 (2001)","journal-title":"CVIU"},{"key":"944_CR12","unstructured":"Blunsden, S., Fisher, R.B., Andrade, E.L.: Recognition of coordinated multi agent activities, the individual vs the group. In: ECCV Workshop on Computer Vision Based Analysis in Sport Environments (CVBASE), pp. 61\u201370 (2006)"},{"issue":"5","key":"944_CR13","first-page":"612","volume":"113","author":"M Perse","year":"2009","unstructured":"Perse, M., Kristan, M., Kovacic, S., Vuckovic, G., Pers, J.: A trajectory-based analysis of coordinated team activity in a basketball game. CVIU 113(5), 612\u2013621 (2009)","journal-title":"CVIU"},{"issue":"4","key":"944_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2009.11.011","volume":"43","author":"M Perse","year":"2010","unstructured":"Perse, M., Kristan, M., Pers, J., Music, G., Vuckovic, G., Kovacic, S.: Analysis of multi-agent activity using petri nets. Pattern Recognit. 43(4), 1491\u20131501 (2010)","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"key":"944_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hervieu, A., Bouthemy, P., Cadre, J.P.L.: Trajectory-based handball video understanding. In: International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval, vol. 43, pp. 1\u20138 (2009)","DOI":"10.1145\/1646396.1646447"},{"key":"944_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dao, M.S., Masui, K., Babaguchi, N.: Event tactic analysis in sports video using spatio-temporal pattern. In: Proceedings of ICIP, pp. 1497\u20131500 (2010)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2010.5652340"},{"key":"944_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, R., Chellappa, R.: Recognizing offensive strategies from football videos. In: Proceedings of ICIP, pp. 4585\u20134588 (2010)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2010.5652192"},{"key":"944_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Varadarajan, J., Atmosukarto, I., Ahuja, S., Ghanem, B., Ahuja, N.: A topic model approach to represent and classify american football plays. In: British Machine Vision Conference (BMVC) (2013)","DOI":"10.5244\/C.27.64"},{"key":"944_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2014.09.053","volume":"150","author":"R Montoliu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Montoliu, R., Martin-Felez, R., Torres-Sospedra, J., Rodrguez-Prez, S.: ATM-based analysis and recognition of handball team activities. Neurocomputing 150, 189\u2013199 (2015)","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"key":"944_CR20","unstructured":"CVBASE\u201906 dataset, in workshop on computer vision based analysis in sport environments. http:\/\/vision.fe.uni-lj.si\/cvbase06\/downloads.html (2006)"},{"key":"944_CR21","unstructured":"Krizhevsky, A., Sutskever, I., Hinton, G.E.: Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks. In: Neural Information Processing Systems Conference, pp. 1097\u20131105 (2012)"},{"key":"944_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Direkoglu, C., O\u2019Connor, N.E.: Team behavior analysis in sports using the Poisson equation. In: IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), pp. 2693\u20132696 (2012)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2012.6467454"},{"key":"944_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Direkoglu, C., O\u2019Connor, N.E.: Team activity recognition in sports. In: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), vol. 7578, pp. 69\u201383 (2012)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-33786-4_6"},{"key":"944_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-4360-1","volume-title":"Differential Equations and Their Applications","author":"M Braun","year":"1993","unstructured":"Braun, M.: Differential Equations and Their Applications. Springer, Berlin (1993)"},{"issue":"5","key":"944_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1109\/34.55103","volume":"12","author":"T Simchony","year":"1990","unstructured":"Simchony, T., Chellappa, R., Shao, M.: Direct analytical methods for solving Poisson equations in computer vision problems. T-PAMI 12(5), 435\u2013446 (1990)","journal-title":"T-PAMI"},{"key":"944_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(81)90024-2","volume":"17","author":"BKP Horn","year":"1981","unstructured":"Horn, B.K.P., Schunck, B.G.: Determining optical flow. Artif. Intell. 17, 185\u2013203 (1981)","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"key":"944_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, K., Grundmann, M., Shamir, A., Matthews, I., Hodgins, J., Essa, I.: Motion fields to predict play evolution in dynamic sport scenes. In: CVPR, pp. 840\u2013847 (2010)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2010.5540128"},{"key":"944_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Efros, A.A., Berg, A.C., Berg, E.C., Mori, G., Malik, J.: Recognizing action at a distance. In: Proceedings of ICCV, pp. 726\u2013733 (2003)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2003.1238420"},{"key":"944_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Janez, M.K., Kovacic, S.: Multiple interacting targets tracking with application to team sports. In: International Symposium on Image and Signal Processing and Analysis, pp. 322\u2013327 (2005)","DOI":"10.1109\/ISPA.2005.195431"},{"issue":"1","key":"944_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1145\/1889681.1889687","volume":"2","author":"JA Ward","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ward, J.A., Lukowicz, P., Gellersen, H.W.: Performance metrics for activity recognition. ACM Trans. Intell. Syst. Technol. 2(1), 6 (2011)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Intell. Syst. Technol."},{"key":"944_CR31","unstructured":"GPSports Systems Limited, Australia. http:\/\/gpsports.com\/"},{"key":"944_CR32","unstructured":"Statsports Company, Northern Ireland. http:\/\/www.statsports.ie\/"},{"issue":"2","key":"944_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1080\/02640410802422181","volume":"27","author":"H MacLeod","year":"2009","unstructured":"MacLeod, H., Morris, J., Nevill, A., Sunderland, C.: The validity of a non-differential global positioning system for assessing player movement patterns in field hockey. J. Sport Sci. 27(2), 121\u2013128 (2009)","journal-title":"J. Sport Sci."},{"issue":"5500","key":"944_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.1126\/science.290.5500.2323","volume":"290","author":"S Roweis","year":"2000","unstructured":"Roweis, S., Saul, L.: Nonlinear dimensionality reduction by locally linear embedding. Science 290(5500), 2323\u20132326 (2000)","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"944_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-010-9200-z","volume":"36","author":"J Chen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chen, J., Liu, Y.: Locally linear embedding: a survey. Artif. Intell. Rev. 36(1), 29\u201348 (2011)","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Rev."},{"key":"944_CR36","unstructured":"Onderwater, M.: Outlier Detection Matlab Toolbox. http:\/\/www.martijn-onderwater.nl\/bmi-thesis\/"}],"container-title":["Machine Vision and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00138-018-0944-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00138-018-0944-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00138-018-0944-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T19:05:17Z","timestamp":1751655917000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00138-018-0944-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,24]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]}},"alternative-id":["944"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00138-018-0944-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0932-8092","1432-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0932-8092","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 January 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 March 2018","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 April 2018","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2018","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}