{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T19:04:18Z","timestamp":1776279858964,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,16]],"date-time":"2006-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1166227200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,16]],"date-time":"2006-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1166227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["AI &amp; Soc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-006-0069-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,15]],"date-time":"2006-12-15T13:10:08Z","timestamp":1166188208000},"page":"353-377","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Deliberative discourse and reasoning from generic argument structures"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"John L.","family":"Yearwood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Stranieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"69_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Afshar F, Yearwood J, Stranieri A (2006) A tool for assisting group decision making for consensus outcomes in organization. In: Voges K, Pope N (eds) Business applications and computational intelligence. IDEA Group Publishing, Hershey","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-59140-702-7.ch016"},{"key":"69_CR2","unstructured":"Alexy R (1978) A theory of practical discourse. In: Benhabib S, Dallmayr F (eds) The communicative ethics controversy, studies in contemporary German social thought. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA pp 151\u2013190. 1990 Translation by Frisby D of: Eine Theorie des praktischen Diskurses. In: Oelmuller W (ed), Normenbegrundung-Normendurchsetzung. Paderborn, Germany"},{"key":"69_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amgoud L, Maudet N, Parsons S (2000a) Modelling dialogues using argumentation. In: Durfee (ed) Proceedings of the fourth international conference on multi-agent systems (ICMAS-2000). IEEE Press, New York, pp 31\u201338","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMAS.2000.858428"},{"key":"69_CR4","unstructured":"Amgoud L, Maudet N, Parsons S (2000b) Arguments, dialogue and negotiation. In: Horn (ed) Proceedings of the fourteenth european conference on artificial intelligence (ECAI-2000). IOS Press, Amsterdam, pp 338\u2013342"},{"key":"69_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Avery J, Yearwood J, Stranieri A (2001) An argumentation-based multi-agent system for eTourism Dialogue. HIS 2001. International Workshop on Hybrid Intelligent Systems, pp 497\u2013512","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7908-1782-9_36"},{"key":"69_CR6","unstructured":"Baker MJ (1998) The function of argumentation dialogue in cooperative problem-solving. In: van Eemeren FH, Grootendorst R, Blair JA, Willard CA (eds) Proceedings of the 4th international conference on argumentation (ISSA98). SIC SAT Publications, Amsterdam, pp 27\u201333"},{"issue":"2","key":"69_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1017\/S0269888900002058","volume":"15","author":"D Carbogim","year":"2000","unstructured":"Carbogim D, Robertson D, Lee J (2000) Argument-based applications to knowledge engineering. Knowl Eng Rev 15(2):119\u2013149","journal-title":"Knowl Eng Rev"},{"key":"69_CR10","volume-title":"Heuristic reasoning about uncertainty: an artificial intelligence approach","author":"P Cohen","year":"1985","unstructured":"Cohen P (1985) Heuristic reasoning about uncertainty: an artificial intelligence approach. Pitman, London"},{"issue":"2","key":"69_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(94)00041-X","volume":"77","author":"PM Dung","year":"1995","unstructured":"Dung PM (1995) On the acceptability of arguments and its fundamental role in non-monotonic reasoning, logic programming and n-person games. Artif Intell 77(2):321\u2013357","journal-title":"Artif Intell"},{"key":"69_CR14","volume-title":"The search conference: a powerful method for planning organizational change and community action","author":"M Emery","year":"1995","unstructured":"Emery M, Purser R (1995) The search conference: a powerful method for planning organizational change and community action. Jesse-Bass Public Administration Series, San Francisco"},{"key":"69_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farley AM, Freeman K (1995) Burden of proof in legal argumentation. In Proceedings of the fifth international conference on artificial intelligence and law. ACM Press, New York, May 21\u201324, pp 156\u2013164","DOI":"10.1145\/222092.222227"},{"key":"69_CR16","volume-title":"Artificial intelligence and statistics","author":"J Fox","year":"1986","unstructured":"Fox J (1986) Knowledge, decision making and uncertainty. In: Gale WA (ed) Artificial intelligence and statistics. Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts"},{"key":"69_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-49426-X_13","volume-title":"Applications of uncertainty formalisms","author":"J Fox","year":"1998","unstructured":"Fox J, Parsons S (1998) Arguing about beliefs and actions. In: Hunter A, Parsons S (eds) Applications of uncertainty formalisms. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 266\u2013302"},{"key":"69_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Girle R, Hitchcock DL, McBurney P, Verheij B (2003) Decision support for practical reasoning: a theoretical and computational perspective. Argumentation Machines. New frontiers in argument and computation. In: Reed C, Norman TJ (eds) Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 55\u201384","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-0431-1_3"},{"issue":"4","key":"69_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00871972","volume":"2","author":"TF Gordon","year":"1995","unstructured":"Gordon TF (1995) The pleadings game: An exercise in computational dialectics. Artif Intell Law 2(4):239\u2013292","journal-title":"Artif Intell Law"},{"key":"69_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gordon TF, Karacapilidis NI (1997) The Zeno argumentation framework. In: Proceedings of the sixth international conference on artificial intelligence and law. ACM Press, New York, pp 10\u201318","DOI":"10.1145\/261618.261622"},{"key":"69_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110859249","volume-title":"Problems in argument analysis and evaluation","author":"T Govier","year":"1987","unstructured":"Govier T (1987) Problems in argument analysis and evaluation. Foris, Dordrecht"},{"key":"69_CR22","volume-title":"A practical study of argument","author":"T Govier","year":"1992","unstructured":"Govier T (1992) A practical study of argument. 3rd edn. Wadsworth, Belmont, California, USA","edition":"3"},{"key":"69_CR23","unstructured":"Hitchcock D (1991) Some principles of rational mutual inquiry. In: van Eemeren F, Grootendorst R, Blair JA, Willard CA (eds) Proceedings of the second international conference on argumentation (AAAI 2000). SICSAT: International Society for the Study of Argumentation, pp 236\u2013243"},{"key":"69_CR24","unstructured":"Hitchcock D, McBurney P, Parsons S (2001) A framework for deliberation dialogues, argumentation and its applications. In: Proceedings of the fourth biennial conference of the ontario society for the study of argumentation"},{"key":"69_CR25","unstructured":"Hulstijn J (2000) Dialogue models for inquiry and transaction. PhD thesis, Enschede, The Netherlands"},{"key":"69_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511815355","volume-title":"Situated learning: legitimate peripheral participation","author":"J Lave","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lave J, Wenger E (1991) Situated learning: legitimate peripheral participation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"69_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016757315265","volume":"32","author":"P McBurney","year":"2001","unstructured":"McBurney P, Parsons S (2001) Representing epistemic uncertainty by means of dialectical argumentation. Ann Math Artif Intell 32(1\u20134):125\u2013169","journal-title":"Ann Math Artif Intell"},{"key":"69_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McBurney P, Parsons S, Wooldridge M (2002) Desiderata for agent argumentation protocols. In: Proceedings of the international conference on autonomous agents and multi-agent systems (AAMAS-02). ACM Press, New York","DOI":"10.1145\/544741.544836"},{"issue":"3","key":"69_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024787301515","volume":"7","author":"P McBurney","year":"2003","unstructured":"McBurney P, van Eijk RM, Parsons S, Amgoud L (2003) A dialogue game protocol for agent purchase negotiations. J Autonom Agents Multi-Agent Syst 7(3):235\u2013273","journal-title":"J Autonom Agents Multi-Agent Syst"},{"key":"69_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/S0364-0213(87)80017-4","volume":"11","author":"JL Pollock","year":"1987","unstructured":"Pollock JL (1987) Defeasible reasoning. Cognitive Sci 11:481\u2013518","journal-title":"Cognitive Sci"},{"key":"69_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(88)90077-X","volume":"36","author":"DL Poole","year":"1988","unstructured":"Poole DL (1988) A logical framework for default reasoning. Artif Intell 36:27\u201347","journal-title":"Artif Intell"},{"key":"69_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prakken H (1993) A logical framework for modelling legal argument. In: Proceedings of the fourth international conference on artificial intelligence and law. ACM Press, New York pp 1\u20139","DOI":"10.1145\/158976.158977"},{"key":"69_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00118496","volume":"4","author":"H Prakken","year":"1996","unstructured":"Prakken H, Sartor G (1996) A dialectical model of assessing conflicting arguments in legal reasoning. Artif Intell Law 4:331\u2013368","journal-title":"Artif Intell Law"},{"key":"69_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01405730","volume":"4","author":"HWJ Rittel","year":"1973","unstructured":"Rittel HWJ, Webber MW (1973) Dilemmas in a general theory of planning. Policy Sci 4:155\u2013169","journal-title":"Policy Sci"},{"key":"69_CR40","unstructured":"Sadri F, Toni F, Torroni P (2001) Logic agents, dialogues and negotiation: an abductive approach. In: Schroeder M, Stathis K (eds) Proceedings of the symposium on information agents for e-commerce, artificial intelligence and the simulation of behaviour conference. AISB"},{"key":"69_CR41","unstructured":"Singh MP (2000) A social semantics for agent communications languages. In: Dignum F, Chaib-draa B, Weigand H (eds) Proceedings of the international joint conference on artificial intelligence (IJCAI-99) workshop on agent communication languages. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"69_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008325826599","volume":"7","author":"A Stranieri","year":"1999","unstructured":"Stranieri A, Zeleznikow J, Gawler M, Lewis B (1999) A hybrid rule-neural approach for the automation of legal reasoning in the discretionary domain of family law in Australia. Artif Intell Law 7(2\u20133):153\u2013183","journal-title":"Artif Intell Law"},{"issue":"4","key":"69_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1017\/S0269888901000248","volume":"16","author":"A Stranieri","year":"2001a","unstructured":"Stranieri A, Zeleznikow J, Yearwood J (2001a) Argumentation structures that integrate dialectical and non-dialectical reasoning. Knowl Eng Rev 16(4):331\u2013358","journal-title":"Knowl Eng Rev"},{"key":"69_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stranieri A, Yearwood J, Zeleznikow J (2001b) Tools for world wide web based legal decision support systems. In: Proceedings of the eighth international conference on artificial intelligence and law, ICAIL\u201901. ACM Press, New York, pp 206\u2013214","DOI":"10.1145\/383535.383559"},{"key":"69_CR45","unstructured":"Stranieri A, Yearwood J, Gervasoni S, Garner S, Deans C, Johnstone A (2004) Web-based decision support for structured reasoning in health. Twelfth national health informatics conference. Health Informatics Society of Australia. p 61"},{"key":"69_CR46","volume-title":"The uses of argument","author":"S Toulmin","year":"1958","unstructured":"Toulmin S (1958) The uses of argument. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge"},{"key":"69_CR47","unstructured":"Verheij B (1996) Rules, reasons, arguments. formal studies of argumentation and defeat. PhD thesis"},{"key":"69_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Verheij B (1999) Automated argument assistance for lawyers. In Proceedings of the seventh international conference on artificial intelligence and law, pp 43\u201352","DOI":"10.1145\/323706.323714"},{"issue":"3","key":"69_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1093\/logcom\/3.3.317","volume":"3","author":"GAW Vreeswijk","year":"1993","unstructured":"Vreeswijk GAW (1993) Defeasible dialectics: a controversy-oriented approach towards defeasible argumentation. J Logic Comput 3(3):3\u201327","journal-title":"J Logic Comput"},{"key":"69_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(96)00041-0","volume":"90","author":"GAW Vreeswijk","year":"1997","unstructured":"Vreeswijk GAW (1997) Abstract argumentation systems. Artif Intell 90:225\u2013279","journal-title":"Artif Intell"},{"key":"69_CR51","volume-title":"Commitment in dialogue: basic concepts of interpersonal reasoning","author":"DN Walton","year":"1995","unstructured":"Walton DN, Krabbe ECW (1995) Commitment in dialogue: basic concepts of interpersonal reasoning. State University of New York Press, Albany"},{"key":"69_CR52","unstructured":"Wilhelm AG (2000) Democracy in the digital age. Challenges to political life in the digital age Routledge. USA"},{"key":"69_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007791211241","volume":"12","author":"H Wohlrapp","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wohlrapp H (1998) A new light on non-deductive argumentation schemes. Argumentation 12:341\u2013350","journal-title":"Argumentation"},{"key":"69_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yearwood J, Stranieri A (1999) The integration of retrieval, reasoning and drafting for refugee law: a third generation legal knowledge based system Seventh International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law. ICAIL\u201999 ACM Press, New York, pp 117\u2013137","DOI":"10.1145\/323706.323724"},{"key":"69_CR55","unstructured":"Yearwood J, Stranieri A (2000a) Knowledge as arguments for facilitating e-commerce dialogue. In: Proceedings of the sixth CollECTeR conference on electronic commerce, CollECTeR\u20192000"},{"key":"69_CR56","unstructured":"Yearwood J, Stranieri A (2000b) An argumentation shell for knowledge based systems. In: Proceedings of IASTED international conference on law and technology, pp 105\u2013111"},{"key":"69_CR57","unstructured":"Yearwood J, Stranieri A (2002) Generic arguments: a framework for supporting online deliberative discourse. In: Enabling organisations and society through information systems, proceedings of the thirteenth australasian conference on information systems (ACIS\u20192002), pp 337\u2013346"},{"issue":"2","key":"69_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2004.07.004","volume":"41","author":"J Yearwood","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yearwood J, Stranieri A (2006) The generic\/actual argument model for practical reasoning. Dec Support Syst 41(2):358\u2013379","journal-title":"Dec Support Syst"}],"container-title":["AI &amp; SOCIETY"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00146-006-0069-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00146-006-0069-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00146-006-0069-y","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00146-006-0069-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,12]],"date-time":"2025-01-12T10:35:59Z","timestamp":1736678159000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00146-006-0069-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,16]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]}},"alternative-id":["69"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00146-006-0069-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0951-5666","1435-5655"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0951-5666","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-5655","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 March 2005","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 October 2006","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 December 2006","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}