{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T02:03:33Z","timestamp":1773713013278,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,30]],"date-time":"2011-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1301443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["AI &amp; Soc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-011-0321-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,29]],"date-time":"2011-03-29T06:01:42Z","timestamp":1301378502000},"page":"377-382","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Beyond the responsibility gap. Discussion note on responsibility and liability in the use of brain-computer interfaces"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Gerd","family":"Gr\u00fcbler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"321_CR1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Verantwortung","author":"K Bayertz","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bayertz K (1995) Eine kurze Geschichte der Herkunft der Verantwortung. In: Bayertz K (ed) Verantwortung. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt, pp 3\u201371"},{"key":"321_CR3","unstructured":"Birbaumer N (2005) Nur das Denken bleibt. Neuroethik des Eingeschlossen-Seins. In: Engels, E.\/Hildt, E. (Hrsg.): Neurowissenschaften und Menschenbild. Paderborn: mentis"},{"key":"321_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2005.11.002","volume":"117","author":"N Birbaumer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Birbaumer N (2006) Brain-computer-interface research: coming of age. Clin Neurophysiol 117:479\u2013483","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"321_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1038\/4571080a","volume":"457","author":"J Clausen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Clausen J (2009) Man, machine and in between. Nature 457:1080\u20131081","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"11","key":"321_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70223-0","volume":"7","author":"JJ Daly","year":"2008","unstructured":"Daly JJ, Wolpaw JR (2008) Brain-computer interfaces in neurological rehabilitation. Lancet Neurol 7(11):1032\u20131043","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"321_CR8","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Agent, action, and reason","author":"D Davidson","year":"1971","unstructured":"Davidson D (1971) Agency. In: Binkley R, Bronaugh R, Marras A (eds) Agent, action, and reason. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, pp 3\u201325"},{"key":"321_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2009.06.046","volume":"22","author":"P Haselager","year":"2009","unstructured":"Haselager P et al (2009) A note on ethical aspects of BCI. Neural Netw 22:1352\u20131357","journal-title":"Neural Netw"},{"key":"321_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1006\/ccog.2001.0535","volume":"11","author":"B Kotchoubey","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kotchoubey B et al (2002) Can humans perceive their brain states? Conscious Cogn 11:98\u2013113","journal-title":"Conscious Cogn"},{"key":"321_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lucivero F, Tamburrini G (2008) Ethical monitoring of brain-machine interfaces. AI & Soc 22(3):449\u2013460","DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-007-0146-x"},{"key":"321_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1109\/RBME.2009.2035356","volume":"2","author":"JN Mak","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mak JN, Wolpaw JR (2009) Clinical applications of brain-computer interfaces: current state and future prospects. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 2:187\u2013199","journal-title":"IEEE Rev Biomed Eng"},{"key":"321_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-004-3422-1","volume":"6","author":"A Matthias","year":"2004","unstructured":"Matthias A (2004) The responsibility gap: ascribing responsibility for the actions of learning automata. Ethics Inf Technol 6:175\u2013183","journal-title":"Ethics Inf Technol"},{"key":"321_CR18","first-page":"314","volume":"160","author":"P McCullagh","year":"2010","unstructured":"McCullagh P et al (2010) Can brain computer interfaces become practical assistive devices in the community? Stud Health Technol Inform 160:314\u2013318","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"key":"321_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mill\u00e1n JD (2010) et al. Combining brain-computer interfaces and assistive technologies: state-of-the-art and challenges. Front Neurosci","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2010.00161"},{"key":"321_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s12152-009-9040-1","volume":"2","author":"G Tamburrini","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tamburrini G (2009) Brain to computer communication: ethical perspectives on interaction models. Neuroethics 2:137\u2013149","journal-title":"Neuroethics"},{"key":"321_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolpaw JR (2007) Brain-computer interfaces as new brain output pathways. J Physiol 579(3):613\u2013619","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.125948"},{"key":"321_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolpaw JR et al (2002) Brain-computer interfaces for communication and control. Clin Neurophysiol 113(6):767\u2013791","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(02)00057-3"}],"container-title":["AI &amp; SOCIETY"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00146-011-0321-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00146-011-0321-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00146-011-0321-y","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,9]],"date-time":"2019-06-09T13:57:43Z","timestamp":1560088663000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00146-011-0321-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,30]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]}},"alternative-id":["321"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00146-011-0321-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0951-5666","1435-5655"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0951-5666","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-5655","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,30]]}}}