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This strategy outlined China\u2019s aims to become the world leader in AI by 2030, to monetise AI into a trillion-yuan (ca. 150 billion dollars) industry, and to emerge as the driving force in defining ethical norms and standards for AI. Several reports have analysed specific aspects of China\u2019s AI policies or have assessed the country\u2019s technical capabilities. Instead, in this article, we focus on the socio-political background and policy debates that are shaping China\u2019s AI strategy. In particular, we analyse the main strategic areas in which China is investing in AI and the concurrent ethical debates that are delimiting its use. By focusing on the policy backdrop, we seek to provide a more comprehensive and critical understanding of China\u2019s AI policy by bringing together debates and analyses of a wide array of policy documents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-020-00992-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]],"date-time":"2020-06-17T02:02:12Z","timestamp":1592359332000},"page":"59-77","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":395,"title":["The Chinese approach to artificial intelligence: an analysis of policy, ethics, and regulation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Huw","family":"Roberts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josh","family":"Cowls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Morley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariarosaria","family":"Taddeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciano","family":"Floridi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"992_CR1","unstructured":"AI association to draft ethics guidelines (2019). 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