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Research shows how this effect leads to a particular treatment of gender in computer systems development, a treatment which lags far behind the rich understanding of gender that social studies scholarship reveals and people across society experience.\u00a0Many people do not relate to the narrow binary gender options of male or female, and many people express their gender identity in much richer ways than the sex\/gender binary female\/woman and male\/man Boolean terms will allow. We ask:\u00a0are\u00a0\u201cborn-digital\u201d\u00a0gendered datasets\u00a0in\u00a0digital systems experienced as\u00a0marginalising\u00a0by\u00a0those who express their identity beyond the male\/female binary? Case Study: Ireland. To answer this universal question, this paper presents the findings of an empirical case study of people in Ireland with diverse gender identities and expressions, and their experiences with\u00a0public\u00a0data systems and new technologies. In spite of great social changes in Ireland which have led to constitutional change in favour of LGBTQI\u2009+\u2009people,\u00a0born-digital systems were experienced by respondents as embodying socio-cultural values which were no longer accepted in society at large.\u00a0For many of the respondents, digital technologies\u00a0routinely\u00a0marginalise\u00a0them in all kinds of ways.\u00a0These systems\u00a0keep alive violence and oppression long after civil rights have been enshrined in constitutional law.\u00a0This study is just one example of the way\u00a0assumptions about digital are disengaged from society-at-large. It is a call to arms to all who are passionate about socially-responsible technology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-021-01374-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]],"date-time":"2022-02-08T08:03:47Z","timestamp":1644307427000},"page":"905-919","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Born digital or fossilised digitally? 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