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After the introduction in Sect. 1 we shortly present the history of IQ testing in Sect. 2, focusing on its multiple discriminatory biases. To determine how these biases came into existence, we define intelligence ontologically and underline its constructed and culturally variable character. Turning to AI, specifically the Turing Test (TT), in Sect.\u00a03, we critically examine its underlying intelligence conceptions. The test has been of central influence in AI research and remains an important point of orientation. We argue that both the test itself and how it is used in practice risk promoting a limited conception of intelligence which solely originated in the Global North. Hence, this conception should be critically assessed in relation to the different global contexts in which AI technologies are and will be used. In Sect.\u00a04, we highlight how unequal power relations in AI research are a real threat, rather than just philosophical sophistry while considering the history of IQ testing and the TT\u2019s practical biases. In the last section, we examine the limits of our account and identify fields for further investigation. Tracing colonial continuities in AI intelligence research, this paper points to a more diverse and historically aware approach to the design, development, and use of AI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-023-01796-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T09:03:07Z","timestamp":1698742987000},"page":"995-1006","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Mind who\u2019s testing: Turing tests and the post-colonial imposition of their implicit conceptions of intelligence"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5530-1536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabian","family":"Fischbach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tijs","family":"Vandemeulebroucke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aimee","family":"van Wynsberghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"1796_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1080\/03080188.2020.1840225","volume":"46","author":"R Adams","year":"2021","unstructured":"Adams R (2021) Can artificial intelligence be decolonized? 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