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Research investigating attitudes towards artificial intelligence surprisingly is still scarce, although it becomes apparent that artificial intelligence will shape societies around the globe. To better understand individual differences in attitudes towards artificial intelligence, the present study investigated in <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009351 participants associations between the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS) and the Attitudes towards Artificial Intelligence framework (ATAI). It could be observed that in particular higher levels of SADNESS were associated with higher negative attitudes towards AI (fearing AI). The findings are discussed in this work from an evolutionary perspective because primary emotional systems\u2014according to Affective Neuroscience Theory\u2014represent tools for survival, which have been homologously conserved across mammalian species including homo sapiens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-023-01841-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,28]],"date-time":"2024-01-28T05:02:43Z","timestamp":1706418163000},"page":"167-174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Affective neuroscience theory and attitudes towards artificial intelligence"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8112-0837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Montag","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5285-7829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raian","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth L.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"1841_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3386\/w23928","author":"P Aghion","year":"2017","unstructured":"Aghion P, Jones BF, Jones CI (2017) Artificial intelligence and economic growth (working paper 23928). 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However, for reasons of transparency, the author Christian Montag mentions that he has received grants from agencies such as the German Research Foundation (DFG). He has performed grant reviews for several agencies; has edited journal sections and articles; has given academic lectures in clinical or scientific venues or companies; and has generated books or book chapters for publishers of mental health texts. For some of these activities, he received royalties, but never from gaming or social media companies. The author Christian Montag mentions that he was part of a discussion circle (Digitalit\u00e4t und Verantwortung) debating ethical questions linked to social media, digitalization and society\/democracy at Facebook. In this context, he received no salary for his activities. Finally, he mentions that he currently functions as an independent scientist on the scientific advisory board of the Nymphenburg group (Munich, Germany). This activity is financially compensated. Moreover, he is on the scientific advisory board of Applied Cognition (Redwood City, CA, USA), an activity which is also compensated.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}