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Specifically, we compare people\u2019s judgments in a setting in which physicians are supported by an AI-based recommender system to a setting in which they are supported by a human colleague. It turns out that people tend to attribute moral responsibility to the artificial agent, although this is traditionally considered a category mistake in normative ethics. This tendency is stronger when people believe that AI may become conscious at some point. In consequence, less responsibility is attributed to human agents in settings with hybrid diagnostic teams than in settings with human-only diagnostic teams. Our findings may have implications for behavior exhibited in contexts of collaborative medical decision making with AI-based as opposed to human recommenders because less responsibility is attributed to agents who have the mental capacity to care about outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-024-01972-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T10:01:51Z","timestamp":1716372111000},"page":"1485-1495","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Perceived responsibility in AI-supported medicine"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Kr\u00fcgel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Ammeling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Aubreville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Fritz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Kie\u00dfig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8838-4824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Uhl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"1972_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1177\/03009858211067478","volume":"59","author":"CA Bertram","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bertram CA, Aubreville M et al (2021) Computer-assisted mitotic count using a deep learning-based algorithm improves interobserver reproducibility and accuracy. 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