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Public concerns over AI in ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI) may have been enhanced, but their awareness has not been fully examined between countries and cultures. We created four scenarios regarding the use of AI: \u201cvoice,\u201d \u201crecruiting,\u201d \u201cface,\u201d and \u201cimmigration,\u201d and compared public concerns in Japan, the US, Germany, and the Republic of Korea (hereafter Korea). Additionally, public ELSI concerns in respect of AI were measured using four items: ethics, tradition, law and social benefit. Respondents with AI knowledge tended to exhibit stronger concern about ELSI in various situations. In terms of law concerns, Japanese respondents displayed greater concerns. In contrast, the US, when compared Japan, expressed a relatively optimistic view of the current law landscape. Regarding social benefits, Korea, compared to Japan, exhibited a more positive outlook, whereas Germany, in comparison to Japan, expressed heightened concerns about it across different scenarios.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-024-01982-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]],"date-time":"2024-06-10T15:02:38Z","timestamp":1718031758000},"page":"2369-2383","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The relationship between the attitudes of the use of AI and diversity awareness: comparisons between Japan, the US, Germany, and South Korea"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5418-6726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuko","family":"Ikkatai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5342-3084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuko","family":"Itatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6742-8843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tilman","family":"Hartwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jooeun","family":"Noh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3421-2530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naohiro","family":"Takanashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3583-3032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yujin","family":"Yaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9020-3068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaori","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4760-762X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiromi M.","family":"Yokoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"1982_CR1","unstructured":"Access Now, European Digital Right (EDRi), Migration and Technology Monitor, the Platform for International Cooperation on Undocumented Migrants (PICUM), and Statewatch. 2021. 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The company obtained consent from the participants.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}}]}}