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This article advocates for a more nuanced analysis of AI imaginaries, distinguishing \u201cstrong AI narratives,\u201d i.e., narratives that envision futurable AI technologies that are virtually indistinguishable from humans, from \"weak\" AI narratives, i.e., narratives that discuss and make sense of the functioning and implications of existing AI technologies. Drawing on the academic literature on AI narratives and imaginaries and examining examples drawn from the debate on Large Language Models and public policy, we underscore the critical role and interplay of weak and strong AI across public\/private and fictional\/non-fictional discourses. The resulting analytical framework aims to empower approaches that are more sensitive to the heterogeneity of AI narratives while also advocating normalising AI narratives, i.e., positioning weak AI narratives more firmly at the center stage of public debates about emerging technologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-024-02087-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]],"date-time":"2024-10-10T18:02:00Z","timestamp":1728583320000},"page":"2107-2117","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Strong and weak AI narratives: an analytical framework"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4661-3040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Bory","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1962-2398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Natale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1897-2783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Katzenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2087_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315469614-3","volume-title":"Disaster risk","author":"I Alcantara-Ayala","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alcantara-Ayala I, Gomez C, Chmutina K, van Niekerk D, Raju E, Marchezini V, Cadag JR, Galliard JC (2022) Disaster risk. 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