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Despite increasing scholarly attention to the discourses of AI, there are limited insights on how different groups interpret and debate AI and shape its opportunities for action. We consider AI an issue field understood as a contested phenomenon where heterogeneous actors assert and debate the meanings and consequences of AI. Drawing on computational social science methods, we analyzed large amounts of text on how politicians (parliamentarians) consultancies (high reputation firms), and lay experts (AI-forum Reddit users) articulate meanings about AI. Through topic modeling, we identified diverse and co-existing discourses: politicians predominantly articulated AI as a societal issue requiring an ethical response, consultancies stressed AI as a business opportunity pushing a transformation-oriented discourse, and lay experts expressed AI as a technical issue shaping a techno-feature discourse. Moreover, our analysis details the hopes and fears within AI discourses, revealing that sentiment varies by actor group. Based on these findings, we contribute new insights about AI as an issue field shaped by the discursive work performed by heterogeneous actors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-025-02214-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T13:30:46Z","timestamp":1741786246000},"page":"4765-4782","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The hopes and fears of artificial intelligence: a comparative computational discourse analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0325-5266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kasper Trolle","family":"Elmholdt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jeppe Agger","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christoffer Koch","family":"Florczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Jurowetzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Hain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2214_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.1120.0799","volume":"24","author":"S Ansari","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ansari S, Wijen F, Gray B (2013) Constructing a climate change logic: an institutional perspective on the \u201ctragedy of the commons.\u201d Organ Sci 24(4):1014\u20131040. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1287\/orsc.1120.0799","journal-title":"Organ Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2214_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1111\/emre.12452","volume":"18","author":"AM Aranda","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aranda AM, Sele K, Etchanchu H, Guyt JY, Vaara E (2021) From big data to rich theory: integrating critical discourse analysis with structural topic modeling. 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